Chiphunzitso
Napoleon Boneamare anali mkulu waluso, kazembe, anali wanzeru kwambiri, zonena zabodza komanso luso labwino. Nyengo yonse itamutsatira, ndipo ntchito zake zidanjenjemera anthu ambiri. Njira zake zankhondo zili m'mabuku, ndipo machitidwe a demokalase kumayiko a Western amakhazikitsidwa pa "Napoleon Law".
Udindo wa m'mbiri ya ku France uwu wabwino kwambiri ndiwosadabwitsa. Ku Spain ndi Russia, amatchedwa wotsutsakhristu, ndipo ofufuza ena amaganiza kuti napoleon ngwazi yolumikizidwa.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Woyang'anira Waluso, wapolisi, Emperor Napoleon nayeon i Bonabore anali mbadwa za Corsica. Pa Ogasiti 15, 1769 anabadwira mumzinda wa Ajaccio mwa banja lolemekezeka. Makolo am'mfumuwo anali ndi ana asanu ndi atatu. Abambo Carlo di bunaparte adatsogolera chizolowezi, amayi a Leticia, nee ramolino, adalera ana. Ndi mtundu, anali a Corsicans. Bonaparte ndi mtundu wa tuscan wa dzina lotchuka la corseican.
Anaphunzira kuwerenga komanso mbiri yopatulika adaphunzitsidwa kunyumba, zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi adapatsidwa kusukulu yapayekha, zaka khumi - koleji ya odedeni, komwe mnyamatayo adakhala kwa nthawi yayitali. Koleji itatha kuphunzira ku Sukulu ya Barryna. Mu 1784 alowa mu Armal Academy. Kumapeto, mutu wa Lieteutem amalandira ndipo kuchokera ku 1785th amagwira ntchito mu zida zaluso.
Kumayambiriro kwa achinyamata, Napoileon ankakhala zipembedzo, amakonda mabuku ndi gulu. Mu 1788, kukhala ku Corsica, kutenga nawo gawo pakukonzekera zolimba, adagwira ntchito yolembedwa pa bungwe la aratia, etc. Anaona kuti lemba la zilembo za pauntha, limayembekezera kuti lizitchuka pamunda uno.
Ndi chiwongola dzanja chomwe amawerenga mabuku pa mbiri yakale, kufufuza, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zaboma zaku Europe, amagwira ntchito pa malamulo a ku Europe, amakonda kwambiri Jean-Jacquir Rousseau ndi Abbot Absian. Amalemba nkhani ya Corsica, nkhani ya "kuyankhula za chikondi", "mneneri womubisira", "kuwerengera Ecsx" ndikubweretsa diary.
Zolemba za bhonaparte kupatula munthu wina yemwe sanapeze zolemba pamanja. Mu ntchitozi, wolemba amafotokoza zakukhosi kwa France, poganizira za Ruska wa Coseca, ndi chikondi cha dziko lakwawo. Zolemba za New Napoleon ndizopeka ndale ndipo zidachitika chifukwa cha mzimu wosinthika.
Chiwonetsero cha France Napoleon Bonaborte amakumana ndi chidwi, mu 1792 amalowa mu Jacobin Club. Pambuyo popambana ku Britain kuti akwatire toullon mu 1793, mutu wa gulu la Brigade umalemekezedwa. Izi zimasintha kwambiri mbiri yake, pambuyo pake ntchito yankhondo iyamba.
Mu 1795, Napoleoni amasiyana pakukweza kwa akatswiri achifumu, pambuyo pake mtsogoleri wa gulu lankhondo amasankhidwa. Kampeni ya ku Italy idagwira mu 1796-177 pansi pa lamulo lake lidawonetsa talente ya Mtsogoleriyo ndikumulemekeza ku kontinenti yonse. Mu 1798-1799, chikwatu chimamutumiza iye ku ukapolo kugwa ku Suriya ndi Egypt.
Kutulukapo kunatha ndi kugonjetsedwa, koma sikunawonedwe ngati kulephera. Amasiya gulu lankhondo mokwanira kuti akamenye nkhondo yaku Russia mothandizidwa. Mu 1799, General General Napooni Bovarte abwerera ku Paris. Makina oyang'anira panthawiyi kale pachiwopsezo cha mavutowo.
Ndale Ndale
Pambuyo polumikizana ndi kulengeza kwa gulu mu 1802, amakhala wolamulira, ndipo mu 1804 - mfumu. M'chaka chomwecho, potenga nawo gawo la Napoleon, nambala yatsopano ya boma imafalitsidwa, yomwe inali maziko a malamulo achiroma.
Ndondomeko yamkati yomwe mfumuyo ikuchitidwa polimbitsa mphamvu yake, yomwe, mwa lingaliro lake, idatsimikizira kutetezedwa kwa zomwe zinachitika kunduliza. Zochita kusintha mu gawo la Lamulo ndi makonzedwe. Atenga zosintha zingapo m'malo oyang'anira. Gawo la zonunkhira izi ndipo tsopano pangani maziko a ntchito za mayiko. Napoleon adachotsedwa chipwirikiti. Lamulo linaleredwa, kupereka ufulu wokhala ndi katundu. Nzika za France zidazindikiridwa zofanana ndi ufulu ndi mwayi.
Anders adasankhidwa kumizinda ndi m'midzi, banki yaku France idapangidwa. Chitsitsimutso cha chuma chinayamba, chomwe sichingasangalatse ngakhale osauka a anthu. Amakhala mu gulu lankhondo lomwe limaloledwa kuti lipeze osauka. Minda idatsegulidwa m'dziko lonselo. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito apolisi kumakulitsa, dipatimenti yobisika yomwe inali, atolankhani anali ovuta. Pang'onopang'ono panali kubweza kwa dongosolo la boma.
Chofunikira kwambiri kuti olamulira a French anali mgwirizano ndi papa wa Roma, chifukwa chomwe boma la Boxarte limazindikiridwa m'malo molengeza za Chipembedzo chachikulu cha nzika zambiri. Sosaise lomwe likugwirizana ndi mfumuyi idagawika m'misasa iwiri. Gawo la nzika zomwe zanenedwa kuti Napolenoni adapereka chisinthiko, koma bonatarte adakhulupirira kuti ndiye wolowa m'malo mwake.
Ndondomeko zakunja
Kuyamba kwa gulu la Napoleon kunawerengedwa kwakanthawi, pomwe France adayambitsa zida zankhondo za ku Austria ndi England. Kampeni yopambana ya ku Italy inachotsa chiopsezo cha m'malire a ku France. Zotsatira za ziwengozi zinali zotheka za mayiko onse aku Europe. M'madera omwe sanaphatikizidwe ku France, zomwe mfumu ya Ufumu inalengedwa, yomwe olamulira omwe anali m'banja lake. Russia, Prussia ndi Austria zimapanga mgwirizano.
Poyamba, Napoleon adadziwika kuti ndi woweruza amayi. Anthu anali onyadira pazomwe Zachitika, dzikolo linali ndiulendo wapadziko lonse. Koma nkhondo ya zaka 20 ya otopa onse. Dzikoli likubereka, lomwe limalengezedwa ndichuma ku England, ogulitsa, kukakamizidwa ku Britain kuti ayime kugonana ndi Europe. Vutoli linagunda mizinda ya ku France, kuperekera katundu wa atsamunda kunatha komwe ku Europe kunali kale. Ngakhale bwalo lachi France lidakhala ndi vuto la khofi, shuga, tiyi.
Zinthuzo zidawonjezeredwa ndi vuto lazachuma cha 1810. Bourgeoiicie sanafune kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pankhondoyo, chifukwa kuwopseza kuti mayiko ena anakhalabe m'mbuyomu. Amamvetsetsa kuti cholinga cha mfundo zakunja kwa Emperor ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yake komanso kuteteza zofuna za mzera.
Kuyamba kwa kuwonongeka kwa ufumuwo kunali 1812, pamene asitikali aku Russia adagonjetsa gulu lankhondo la napoleonic. Kupanga kwa mgwirizano wa Anti-mkono, komwe kunaphatikizapo Russia, Austria, Prussia ndi Sweden, mu 1814 zinakhala kugwa kwa ufumuwo. Chaka chino adagonjetsa French ndikulowa Paris.
Napoleon anakana kungotaya mpando wachifumu, koma udindo wa Emperor unasungidwa kumbuyo kwake. Anamutumiza pachilumba cha Elba mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Komabe, mfumuyo idakhala komweko kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nzika za ku France komanso gulu lankhondo silinali kukhutitsidwa ndi vutolo, likuwopa kubwerera kwa ma burbones ndi olemekezeka. Bonaparte imatha kuthawa ndi Marichi 1, 1815 imasunthira Paris, komwe amakumana ndi zofukizira zachangu za nzika zofuula. Zochitika zankhondo zimayambiranso. M'mbiri, nthawi imeneyi idalowa ngati "masiku zana." Kugonjetsedwa komaliza kwa asitikali a Napoleonic kunachitika pa June 18, 1815 nkhondo ku Waterloo.
Emperor wowonongedwa anali atagwidwa ndi Britain ndipo adatumizidwa ku ulalo. Nthawi ino adapezeka kuti a ku Atlantic Ocean pachilumba cha St. Helena, komwe amakhala zaka 6. Koma sikuti a Britain onse adachita zoyipa. Mu 1815, a George Byroni, adachita chidwi ndi tsoka la Emperor wowonongedwa, adapanga "napoleic" mwa atatu mwa ndakatulo zisanu, kenako wolemba ndakatulo adanyozedwa mosasamala. Pakati pa Britain kunali fanizo lina la napoleon - mwana wamkazi wa Parlotte, mwana wamkazi wa tsogolo la George IV, chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi mtsogoleri wa 1817 pakubereka.
Moyo Wanu
Napoleon Bonavarye kuyambira achichepere anali odziwika ndi chisangalalo. Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zofananira, kukula kwa napoleon kunali kwakukulu kuposa matanthauzidwe omwe analipo zaka 168 masentimita, omwe sakanakhoza kukopa chidwi cha anyamata kapena atsikana. Mawonekedwe a bowa, mawonekedwe, omwe amawoneka pazomera zomwe zimaperekedwa mu chithunzi, chifukwa cha chidwi pakati pa azimayi omwe ali pafupi naye.
Wokondedwa woyamba, yemwe wachinyamata adapereka, anali wolakalaka wazaka 16, Eugene-Clara. Koma panthawiyo, ntchito yake ku Paris idayamba kukula mwachangu, ndipo Napoleon sanakane chithumwa cha Parissia. Mu likulu la France, Bonomarte adakonda kuyambitsa ma News ndi amayi achikulire kuposa iye.
Chofunika Kwambiri M'moyo Wathu wa Napoleon, womwe unakhudzidwa mu 1796, banja lake linali ku Joseine Bogarne. Wokondedwa Boamarte anali wamkulu kuposa zaka 6. Anabadwira m'banja la matabwa pachilumba cha Martinique mu Caribbean. Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 16, anali wokwatiwa ndi Vicontite Alexander de Bombrene, wobadwa ana awiri. Zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo paukwati, zidagawika ndi mnzayo ndipo nthawi ina amakhala paris nyumba ya abambo. Pambuyo pa izi, 1789 ndinapitanso ku France. Ku Paris, mwamuna wake wakale adathandizidwa, pofika nthawi imeneyo adachita positi yayikulu. Koma mu 1794, ma virukoti anaphedwa, ndipo a Josephine anakhala m'ndende nthawi zina.
Chaka chotsatira, ndimakhala ndi ufulu, a Josephine adakumana ndi Boxmarte, yemwe sanali wotchuka. Malinga ndi chidziwitso china, pa nthawi ya chibwenzi, anali ndi kulumikizana ndi wolamulira wa ku France ndi Barates, koma sizinamulepheretse kupezeka paukwati wa Bonaborte ndi mboni ya Josephine. Kuphatikiza apo, Barasi adadandaula kwa mkwati wa mkulu wa gulu lankhondo la ku Italiya.
Ofufuzawo amakangana kuti okonda ali ndi okonda ambiri. Onsewa anabadwa ku France pachilumbachi, anaphunzira kuphedwa, anali kundende, onse anali olota. Pambuyo pa ukwati, Napoleno adapita kumalo a gulu lankhondo la ku Italiya, ndipo a Josephine adakhala ku Paris. Pambuyo pa kampeni ya ku Italy italia, BoxArte adatumizidwa ku Egypt. A Josephine sanatsatidwe ndi mwamuna wake, koma anali ndi moyo ku likulu la France.
Chifukwa cha nsanje, Napoleon adayamba kuyamwa. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa ofufuza, okondedwa ndi Napoleon anali ndi zaka 20 mpaka 50. Makalata angapo omwe adatsatiridwa, omwe adatsogolera kuzomwe amatuluka mosaloledwa. Amadziwika pafupifupi 2 - Alexander Connene-Valevsky ndi Charles Leone. Mitundu ya column-valevsky adapulumuka mpaka lero. Amayi a Alesandro anakhala mwana wamkazi wa aristocrat Maria Valevskaya.
Josephine sakanakhoza kukhala ndi ana, chifukwa cha 1810 Napoleon adamusudzula. Poyamba, bonaborte adapanga mtundu wokhala ndi banja lachifumu la Romanov. Adafunsa manja a Anna Pavlovna kuchokera kwa mchimwene wake Alexander i. Koma mfumu ya ku Russia idafuna kuthamangitsa wolamulira osati magazi achifumu. Munjira zambiri, kusagwirizana kumeneku kunakhudza kuzizira pakati pa France ndi Russia. Napoleon akwatiwa ndi mwana wamkazi wa Emperor Maria-Louise, amene mu 1811 anabereka iye wolowa m'malo mwake. Ukwatiwu sunavomerezedwe ndi anthu achifalansa.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, pambuyo pake, mdzukulu wa Joseph naye, ndipo sanakhale Napoleon amakhala mfumu ya ku France. Mbadwa zake zimalowa ku Denmark, Belgium, Norgay, Sweden ndi Luxembourg. Mbadwa za Napoleon sanakhalebe, monga mwana wake wamwamuna wopanda ana, koma iye yekha adamwalira ali ndi achichepere.
Atayang'ana chilumba cha Elba Bonbonarte, amayembekeza kuti awone mnzake woyenera pafupi naye, koma Maria-Louise adapita kwa mwini wake. Maria Valevskaya adafika ku Bonatarte ndi mwana wake wamwamuna. Kubwerera ku France, Napoleon adalota kuwona Louia Louise yekha, koma mfumu idayankha makalata onse omwe adatumizidwa ku Austria.
Imfa
Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa kwa madzi osungirako adzi adzi pachilumba cha St. Elena. Zaka zomaliza za moyo wake zidadzazidwa ndi matenda osachiritsika. Pa Meyi 5, 1821, Napoleon ine botsapore anamwalira, anali ndi zaka 52.
Malinga ndi mtundu umodzi, chomwe chimayambitsa imfa chinali choncology, pamwezi - poizoni. Ofufuza omwe amasunga matanthauzidwe am'mimba amapempha zotsatira za mawu ochulukitsa, komanso matenda a Bonaborte, omwe bambo ake adamwalira ndi khansa ya m'mimba. Olemba mbiri ena amati asanamwalire, Napoleon Tolstie. Ndipo idakhala chizindikiro chosadziwika cha poizoni wa arsenic, chifukwa odwala akuchepa ndi zonclogy. Kuphatikiza apo, m'tsime la mfumu pambuyo pake, zomwe zimachitika kwa arsenic kwa ndende yayikulu idawululidwa.
Malinga ndi chifuniro cha Napoleoni, zotsalira zake zidatumizidwa ku France mu 1840, zomwe zidatsitsidwa kunyumba ya anthu pa Paris zolumala. Kuzungulira kumanda a Emperor wakale ku France unali wotchuka wa Jean Jan Jacdeier.