Chiphunzitso
Andrei Planovich Pulanon - Steviet proft, wolemba ndakatulo, wofalitsa bungwe. Ntchito zambiri zabwino za wolemba zidafalitsidwa pambuyo pa imfa yake.
Andrei Planovich adabadwa mu Ogasiti 1899 ku Yambusto (voronezh). Mnyamatayo anali woyamba kubadwa mu banja la zokambirana za njanji. Abambo a wolemba mtsogolo, adayendetsa malo oyendetsa ndege komanso amakanikisi, adapereka uthenga wa ngwazi. Mayi Maria Vasalyevna Lobochekina anali mwana wamkazi. Pambuyo pa ukwati, mayi wina anali atakwatirana.
Banja lachuma linali lalikulu. Pa moyo wake, Maria Vasailevna anabereka ana a 11. Plato Farsovich adatha pafupifupi nthawi yake yonse. Ana okulirapo kuyambira paunyamata adathandiza abambo kupanga ndalama kuti adyetse banja.
Ali ndi zaka 7, Andrei adalembetsa kutchalitchi cha tchalitchi cha tchalitchi. Mu 1909, mnyamatayo adalowa sukulu ya kalasi inayi. Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 13, wolemba mtsogolo adayamba kugwira ntchito yolemba ntchito. Mnyamatayo anayesa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, mpaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, anakwanitsa kugwira ntchito zokambirana zambiri za Vornez.
Chilengedwa
Andrei Clime adalowa mu Sukulu yaukadaulo mu 1918. Kuti mupeze maphunziro ndi wachinyamata adaletsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Kwa Andrei, nthawi yatsopano ya moyo yafika. Anadutsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni m'magulu ankhondo ofiira. Kusintha kwa Okutobala kunakhala kochititsa chidwi kwa mnyamatayo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri, dzina lake chipiriro lidasintha ndipo adayamba kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi akonzi a magazini osiyanasiyana ndi manyuzipepala a voronezh. Adadziyesera yekha ngati wolemba ndakatulo, wogawika, wotsutsa, wopenyerera. Mu 1921, buku loyamba la Andrei Phonotova lotchedwa "Election" linasindikizidwa ku matolankhani. Nkhani zake za nthawi yakale zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mkwiyo. Kusintha kwa ntchito ya wolemba kuchitika mu 1921 atakumana ndi mkazi wamtsogolo.
M'chaka cha kubadwa kwa ana ake oyamba kubadwa malotov adatulutsa zopereka za ndakatulo "zakuya zamtambo". Mu 1926, wolembayo anamaliza maphunzirowo pantchito yolemba nkhaniyo "Epifuancia collapys". Kusamukira ku Moscow ndi gawo lina lotchuka ndi wolemba. Chaka chotsatira chinali chopatsa mphamvu kwambiri Pulanov. Kuchokera pansi pa nthenga, nkhaniyo "Hamu", "mzinda wa ether", komanso nkhani "Mphunzitsi Wamchenga", "yamskaya Sloboda", "
Ntchito zake zazikulu za nsanja zidapangidwa kumapeto kwa makumi atatu zapitazo. Mu 1929, adamaliza kugwira ntchito pa bukuli "Chevengur", ndipo mu 1930 - pa intaneti "kotlovan". M'moyo wa wolemba, ntchito izi sizinafalitsidwe. Maubwenzi ake ndi mphamvu komanso opaleshoni anali osokonezeka kwambiri. Wolemba adagwera mobwerezabwereza. Nkhani "yamtsogolo", yofalitsidwa mu 1931, inapangitsa kusakhuzidwa kwamphamvu kwa Elitali. Chidziwitso chandale chomwe chimafunikira kuti mumvetsetserere munthu mwayi wosindikizidwa.
Mu 1934, mphamvu ya mphamvu yofooka pang'ono. Pulanov adapita ndi anzanga paulendo wa ku Asia. Kudzoza kunabwera kwa wolemba atapita ku Turkmenistan, ndipo adalemba nkhani ya "takik" kuposa momwe adafunira zonyansa zatsopano komanso kutsutsidwa. Pamene Stalin adawerenga zina mwa nsanja zapulatov, adasiya chizindikiro cha mawu a Switzer omwe amapezeka ndi wolemba.
Ngakhale kuti sanakhutidwe ndi kusakhutira kwa olamulira, wolemba adatha kufalitsa nkhani zake zingapo mu 1936. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse lapansi pantchito yake, malo a mitu yomwe ikuwonekera. Mu miyala ya miyala yapulatovi pamalemba olemba nthano.
Moyo Wanu
Andrei Planov adakwatirana zaka 22. Chosankhidwa chake chinali Maria Kasintvava. Mtsikanayo anali wokonda kwambiri wolemba. Zaka 6 atayamba ku banja la malo apulasitiza, nkhani ya "Mphunzitsi Wamchenga", yemwe adadzipereka. Zochitikazo zidazikidwa pamalingaliro ochokera ku biogy ya Mary Alexandrovna.
Mkazi wamtsogolo wa wolemba mu 1921 kumanzere pakupeza ubale wokhala ndi Photonov. "Kuthawa chikondi" ndikuyika nkhani ya mphunzitsi. Maria adakhala m'makilomita asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera kumzindawo. Wolemba adapita kukacheza ndi Mkwatibwi kawiri kapena katatu pamwezi. Pakadali Pareke Mariya pamapeto pake adaganiza za chibwenzi chake ndi Photonic. Wolemba ndendeyo anagwadira kukwatiwa mu 1921. Mu 1922, mwana wamwamunayo adabadwira m'banjamo, mnyamatayo adatchulapo za wolemba za wolemba.
M'chaka chomwecho, m'bale ndi mlongo wake wa Asfumu adamwalira ndi bowa wa poizoni. Anakhala ndi ufa wauzimu wauzimu, wosiyana pakati pa chisangalalo cha moyo ndi chisoni cha mabanja. Amayi a wolemba sanapeze chilankhulo ndi mpongozi wake, Andrei Planovich anali pamavuto. Sanathenso kuyanjanitsa azimayi awiri akulu akulu m'moyo wake.
Mu 1929, ali ndi zaka 54, mayi wa Prosaic wamwalira. Zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri atamwalira, nsanja adalemba nkhani ya "mwana wamwamuna wachitatu", wodzipereka kwa Maria Vasalevna.
Moyo wa mdzukulu wa chigumula chinakhala chachifupi komanso chowopsa. Plato anali ndi zochuluka ndili mwana, amakula ndi anyamata osalamulirika. Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu, adapita kundende. Pomaliza, Plato adadwala chifuwa chachikulu. Mnyamatayo adamwalira chifukwa cha zaka makumi awiri. Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira Pulan Andreevich adakhala bambo ake.
Moyo wa wolemba adawonekeranso pantchito yapulata yapulata. Ngwazi zake zinavutika naye, kumukonda, nayamba misala ndi kumwalira. Pulanov adakhala agogo, koma kutayika kwa mwana kunaswa ndodo yake yamkati.
Mu 1944, Maria Alexandrovna adaganiza zoyamba kubereka mwana. Mwana wamkazi wa Masha adawonekera. Pulanov nthawi imeneyo idadwala kale ndi amotaka. Chithunzi cha zaka zomaliza za moyo wa wolemba zimapereka lingaliro lomveka bwino la moyo wake ndi thupi lake.
Imfa
Pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, Andrei Phononovich m'chigawo cha woyang'anira anali mzere wakutsogolo kwa nyuzipepala ya "nyenyezi". Wolemba adatenga nawo mbali pankhondo, sanakhale pansi kumbuyo, anali wofatsa m'nyumba ya msirikali. Malinga ndi mmodzi mwa anthu osiyanasiyana, Cachitka Pulan atenga kachilombo. Moyo wa msirikali unathandiza wolemba kuti atole nkhani zakutsogolo ndi nkhani zomwe zidasindikizidwa m'magazini "ofiira".
Mu 1943, mwana yekhayo wa wolemba adamwalira. Pulanov adamsamalira kwa nthawi yayitali, koma mnyamatayo sakanachira kale atamangidwa. Malinga ndi matanthauzidwe, wolemba watenga kachilombo ka chifuwa chachikulu chochokera kwa Mwana.
Mu 1946, nsanja idayambitsidwa chifukwa chodwala. M'chaka chomwecho, adamaliza kugwira ntchito pa nkhani ya banja la Ivanov, lomwe limatuluka mu katolidwe limatchedwa "Bweretsani". Mapuwa otsutsa adakulungidwa kachiwiri papuponov ndi mutu wake. Anamuimba mlandu wonenepa kwambiri kuti apambane ankhondo ndipo wayamba kusindikizidwa.
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa Planov amayenera kupeza ndalama zosewerera ntchito zolembedwa. Ntchito ya wolemba imayang'ana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma nthano za anthu. Chidwi cha mabuku a ana adawonekera papukolonov chifukwa cha mwana wake wamkazi wam'ng'ono. Mu 1950, wolembayo adamaliza ntchito pa nkhani ya "maluwa" ndi "mphete yamatsenga". Kutengera ntchito izi, kuchuluka kwa Soviet kudapanga mafilimu ochulukitsa kumapeto kwa makumi asanu ndi awiri.
Wolemba M'nyengo yozizira ya 1951 anamwalira ku Moscow kuchokera kwa Chakhotka, kumuika m'makomo a ku Armenia. Mu 1952, njira ya moyo wa wolemba idatha. Mkazi wa Platonov anamwalira mu 1983, anapulumuka mwamuna wake kwa zaka makumi atatu. Mwana wawo wamkazi wa Maria Andreevna adadzipereka moyo wake ku ntchito yolengeza za ntchito za Atate. Adalenganso imodzi mwa mitundu yake ya mbiri yake.
Mabuku a nsanja a Platov adayamba kufalitsidwa mwachangu m'mayiko azaka za zana lomaliza. Ntchito za wolemba zidapangitsa chidwi kuchokera m'badwo watsopano wa owerenga. Mu 2005, Maria Andreevna adamwalira ndipo adaikidwa m'manda aku Chiarmenia.
BIBLICORD:
- 1920 - nkhani "wamkulu ndi Epishk"
- 1921 - Nkhani "Marken", kabuku kakuti "
- 1922 - Buku la ndakatulo "
- 1927 - Mzinda wa Grads "," Mamuna Hydroy "," mchenga Sloboda "Nkhani," Mphunzitsi Wa Sandy "," Mphunzitsi Wa Sandy "," Mphunzitsi Wambanda "
- 1929 - nag "Chevengur"
- 1929 - Nkhani za "Mlengi Wokhala" Wokhala Namo "
- 1930 - "kotlovan", "Sharmanca" (Sewerani)
- 1931 - "Chrocle Blucle" "chinyengo", kusewera "magetsi apamwamba" ndi "14 ofiira"
- 1934 - Chovuta "cha zinyalala", "Nyanja Yovuta" ndi "Jan", nkhani "takik"
- 1936 - Nkhani "Mwana Wachitatu" ndi "Moyo Wofa"
- 1937 - Nkhani "Mtsinje", "M'dziko lokongola ndi lachiwawa", "
- 1939 - nkhani ya "Magetsi"
- 1942 - "Anthu auzimu" (chopereka nkhani)
- 1943 - "Nkhani Zokhudza Amayi" (Zotolera Nkhani)
- 1943 - "zida" (zotengera nkhani)
- 1945 - Kutola nkhani "polowera dzuwa", nkhani yakuti "Nikita"
- 1946 - Nkhani ya "Banja Ivanova" ("Bweretsani")
- 1947 - Mabuku "Litestist - Liancy Oven", "Boshkirir Mesles"
- 1948 - Gawo "Wophunzira"
- 1950 - Black "Duwa"