Chiphunzitso
Fyodor Shalyapain - Russia Opera ndi Woimba Oimba. Nthawi zosiyanasiyana, anali woyang'anira payekha mu Mariinsky ndi Bolphoi zisudzo, komanso mu mzinda wa metropolitan. Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya bass bass imadziwika kwambiri komanso yoposa dziko lakwawo.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin adabadwira ku Kazan mu 1873. Makolo ake anali akazitapadera. Abambo Ivan Yavlevich adasamukira ku chigawo cha Vyatka, adayamba zachilendo pa ntchito yachilendo - adatumiza makalata pakuwongolera kwa zemestvo. Ndipo amayi a Evdokia Mikhailovna anali akazi.
Ali mwana, Feede pang'ono adabisala, chifukwa cha kutchalitchi kwayachi, komwe adalandira zoyambira zamakalata. Kuphatikiza pa kuyimba m'Kachisi, bambo ake anapatsa mwana kuti akuphunzitse shoemaker.
Atamaliza maphunziro a maphunziro a maphunziro a maphunziro, mnyamatayo akupita kukagwira ntchito ngati wolemba. Kenako Feder Shalwapin adzakumbukira monga wotopetsa m'moyo wake, chifukwa adalandidwa ndi chinthu chachikulu m'moyo wake - kuyimba, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mawu ake anali ndi nkhawa nthawi yosweka. Chifukwa chake zingakhale pantchito yolimba yakale ya archivist, ngati tsiku lina sananenere ku ulaliki wa Kazan. Matsenga aluso aluso adalanda mtima wa mnyamatayo, ndipo asankha kusintha ntchitoyo.
Ali ndi zaka 16, Feder Shalyapin ndi Bass omwe amamvetsera kale nyumba ya opera, koma ndi kusokonekera kwalephera. Pambuyo pake, amawonjezera gulu lodabwitsa la V. B. Serebryakov, momwe adalandiridwira kumalo osungira.
Pang'onopang'ono, maphwando a mawu adayimbidwa mlandu ndi mnyamata. Patatha chaka chimodzi, Feder Shansin adakwaniritsa batri ya zaretsky kuchokera ku Opera "Eugene". Koma m'masitolo odabwitsa kwambiri, samachedwa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso patatha miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake, chorpicy chimakonzedwa mu Thumba la T. Semenova-Samara, yemwe amachoka ku UFA.
A Shalyapin amakhalabe ndi luso lodziphunzitsa, lomwe pambuyo pa zolakwika zingapo zidalephera kupeza zowoneka zowoneka bwino. Woyimba wachichepereyo amaitanidwa ku The Wander Wahitter motsogozedwa ndi Atsogoleri a G. I. Dertsuch, yemwe amayenda naye koyamba kuzungulira dzikolo. Ulendo umatsogolera Shalyapatin pamapeto pake a Tiflis (tsopano - Tbilisi).
Mu likulu la Georgia, woimbayo amafotokoza za mphunzitsi pa mawu a mawu a mawu a Vmicya Catecal, m'mbuyomu otchuka a bolshoi zisudzo. Amatenga makonzedwe athunthu a mnyamata wosauka ndikuchita naye. Zofanana ndi maphunziro, Chaliapin imagwira ntchito ndi wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'nyumba ya opera.
Nyimbo
Mu 1894, Fyodor Shal Eldeapin amalowa mu ntchito ya St. Petersburg ya St. Petersburg, koma olamulira, olamulira, ayamba kuyesa mwachangu. Kuti muchite ngozi yosangalala pa zomwe zimachitika, amawona othandiza Sasantov ndikuyatsa woimbayo pabwalo lake. Kukhala ndi mwayi wapadera pa maluso, kuzindikira komwe kumayang'aniridwa mu chikondwerero chaching'ono chodabwitsa kwambiri. Amapereka Feder Ivanovich kwathunthu mgulu lake.
Pa ntchito mu homemop Chaliappe, zidawululira luso lake komanso luso lake. Amaliza maphwando onse otchuka a ku Russia, monga Pskovysia, Sadko, "Mozart ndi Salieri", "Hois Heilina". Magwiridwe ake a gawo la Mepostople ku Fautarca Charles Gbede adakalipobe. Pambuyo pake, adachitanso chifanizo chofananacho ku Aria "Mefitofel" mu "La Sclala" theat kuposa kupambana kwa dziko lonse lapansi.
Kuyambira pachiyambi cha zaka za zana la 20, Shalyapin amapezekanso pamafelemu a mariins, koma ngati munthu woyang'anira. Ndi bwalo lamatabwalo, iye akupita ku Europe, agwera-oorrolitan-oorra ku New York, kuti asatchule zoyendera ku Moscow, mu bwalo lalikulu la zisudzo. Atazunguliridwa ndi bass yotchuka, mutha kuwona mtundu wonse wa cholengedwa cha m'chilengedwe cha nthawi: I. K. Vrubel, k. Orovin, S. Ruffana ndi E. Causo. Zithunzizi zimasungidwa komwe zimagwidwa pafupi ndi mnzake wapamtima maxim Gorky.
Mu 1905, Feder Shalyapatin amalemekezedwa ndi zoseweretsa za payekha, omwe adayimba nyimbo za daulushka, "m'mphepete mwa St. Petersburg" ndi ena. NJIRA ZONSE ZA WOTSATIRA WOTSATIRA NJIRA YOMWE ANTHU AMAPEMBEDZA KWA OGWIRA NTCHITO. Makona a maestro adasandulika zochitika zandale zenizeni pambuyo pake Fyodoc Ivanovich anali atamasulidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu ya Soviet. Kuphatikiza apo, ubale wokhala ndi wolemba Pro Provertian Wolemba Maxim Gorky adateteza banja la Shalyapin kuwonongeka panthawi ya Soviet.
Zitachitika, boma latsopanoli limasankha Fydoki Ivanovich Mutu wa mabwato a Mariinsky zisudzo ndikuwapatsa ulemu wa ojambula a anthu a RSFS. Koma mwatsopano, woimbayo adagwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, popeza adasamukira ku banja lake kukhala m'malire ndi ma glortors oyamba a 1922. Simawonekeranso pamalowo. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri, boma la Soviet lidachotsedwa shalwapin mutu wa luso la anthu a RSFS.
Mbizinesi yopanga Fyodor Shalyapin si ntchito yake yogwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa kuyimba, wojambula waluso amakonda kupaka utoto ndi chosema. Anayambanso nyenyezi ku sinema. Anapeza udindo wa Ivan wowopsa dzina lomweli wa Alexander Ivanov-Gaya wa dzina lomweli, ndipo adatenga nawonso kujambula kwa mkulu wa Georsta Wilthellah " gawo la Wrestler wodziwika ndi matalala.
Moyo Wanu
Ndi mkazi woyamba, Shalyapin adakumana ndi unyamata, akugwira ntchito m'mabwato a Maontov a Maontov. Mtsikanayo adatchedwa Iola Tornagi, anali atayamba kuchitika ku Italina. Ngakhale kutentha kwa akazi ndi kuchita bwino kwa akazi, woimba wachichepereyo adaganiza zomangirira kuti ukwati ukhale mkazi wabwino.
Kwa zaka zambiri za Japan, Iola adabereka Fyodor Shalyapin ana asanu. Koma ngakhale banja lotere silinasungire FEORE Ivar Ivanovich kuti asasinthe moyo.
Pokhala mu ntchito ya bwalo lamisala, amayenera kukhala pafupipafupi ku St. Petersburg, komwe adayambitsa banja lachiwiri. Poyamba, ndi mkazi wake wachiwiri, Maria Petzold Fber Ivanovich adakumana mwachinsinsi, chifukwa anali wokwatiwa. Koma pambuyo pake adayamba kukhalira limodzi, ndipo Maria adabereka iye kwa ana atatu.
Moyo wachiwiri wa ojambula udapitilira mpaka kukachoka ku Europe. Paulendowu, chalhaping challiapin adasiya banja lonse lachiwiri, ndipo miyezi ingapo, ana asanu adadza ku Paris ku Paris ku Paris ku Paris ku Paris Banja Loyamba.
Kuchokera ku banja lalikulu la Feder ku Uola, mkazi wake yekha yekha ndi Iitatievna ndipo mwana wamkazi woyamba ku Irina adakhalabe. Amayiwa adakhala osunga chikumbukiro cha mtunda wa opera kudziko lakwawo. Mu 1960, Iola Tarnagi anasamukira ku Roma, koma asananyamuke, adatembenukira ku nduna ya Chikhalidwe Katherine Toulsevar kunyumba kwawo ku Novinsky Boulevard.
Imfa
Ulendo wotsiriza wamayiko akutali kum'mawa, Shalyapin adapita pakati pa 30s. Imapereka makonsa opitilira 50 m'mizinda ya China ndi Japan. Pambuyo pake, kubwerera ku Paris, wojambulayo sanali wabwino.
Mu 1937, madokotala anapezeka kuti anali ndi matenda oganiza bwino magazi: chaka cha moyo amakhalabe.
Akuluakulu wamkulu adamwalira pampando wa Paris koyambirira kwa Epulo 1938. Kwa nthawi yayitali, fumbi lake lidayikidwa m'manda m'Dziko aku France, ndipo mu 1984, pofunsira Salapina, zotsalira zake zidasamutsidwira kumanda ku Novodevichy Moskhodete.
Zowona, olemba mbiri ambiri amaona kuti kumwalira kwa Fyodor Shalyapin m'malo mwamwayi. Ndipo adotolo ali mu liwu limodzi adati leukemia ndi bodgebog bodium ndipo akakhala zaka zotere ndi osowa kwambiri. Palinso umboni kuti ulendowu utatha ku Far East, woimba wa Opera ku Paris adabweranso munthawi yopweteka komanso "zokongoletsera" pamphumi - mtanda wa utoto wobiriwira. Madokotala amati neoplasmsms monga poyizoni ndi isotopeope ya radiose kapena phenol. Funso lake ndi lomwe lidachitika ndi Chaliapin paulendowo, ndipo wolemba mbiri wakomweko adachotsedwa ku Kazan Rovell Kashapov.
Mwamuna amakhulupirira kuti Skalypin "adachotsedwa" mphamvu ya Soviet ngati yotsutsa. Nthawi inayake anakana kubwerera kwawo, kuphatikiza ku chilichonse, kudzera mwa wansembe wa Orthodox adapereka thandizo kwa anthu osamukira ku Russia. Ku Moscow, chikalata Chake chinatchedwa otsutsana-Counter-Revolutary, cholinga chothandizira anthu oyera osamuka. Pambuyo pa mlandu wotere wobwerera, kunalibenso mawu.
Posakhalitsa mngelo adagwirizana ndi mkanganowu. Buku lake "Mbiri Yamoyo Yanga" inasindikizidwa ndi ofalitsa akunja, ndipo adalandira chilolezo chosindikizira ku Soviet Bungwe la "International Buku Lonse. Shalyapi anali wodziwika bwino kwambiri mwa kutokha, ndipo adasunga khothi omwe adalamula kuti Ussr amulipire ndalama. Zachidziwikire, ku Moscow, izi zimawonedwa ngati zochita zoimba za woimbayo pa dziko la Soviet.
Ndipo mu 1932 adalemba buku la "chigoba ndi moyo" ndikufalitsa ku Paris. Mmenemo, Feder Ivanovich mu mawonekedwe ovuta analankhula mogwirizana ndi malingaliro a bolshevism, ku Soviet Mphamvu komanso makamaka kwa Joseph Vissarsovich Stalin.
M'zaka zomaliza za moyo wake, Shalyapin adawonetsa kusamala komanso anthu okayikitsa ku nyumba yake sinalole. Koma mu 1935, woimbayo adalandira gulu laulendo waku Japan ndi China. Ndipo mukakhala paulendo ku China, mosayembekezereka kwa Fedor Ivanovich, amaperekedwa kuti apereke konsati ku Harbin, ngakhale poyambirira magwiridwewo sanakonzedwe pamenepo. Kashapov Kashapov Dera la Kaspone ali ndi chidaliro kuti pali dokotala wa Wielzon, yemwe adapita ndi Shallyin mozungulira, adalandira silinda wa aerosol ndi chinthu cha poizoni.
Fedor Ivanovich, Georges de Medinsyky, akuti a Witzon asanafike pakhosi la woimbayo ndipo, ngakhale atawazindikira bwino, "owaza ndi menthol." Hizinsky adauza kuti ulendowu unasokonekera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa thanzi la Shalyapin.
Mu February 2018, wazaka 145 kuyambira kubadwa kwa woimba wamkulu wa ku Russia wa ku Russia. M'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Shalyapin ku Novinsky Boulevard ku Moscow
Aria.
- Moyo wa King (Ivan Susanin): Aria Susanina "Choonadi cha Anthu"
- Ruslan ndi Lyudmila: Rondo Fairlaf "O, Joy! Ndinadziwa "
- Mermaid: Arria Melnik "O, nonse nonse, atsikana ndi achichepere"
- Kalonga Igor: Inar Igor "Osagona, Palibe Kupumula"
- Prince Igor: Aria Konchaka "Health Lee, Prince"
- Sadko: Nyimbo ya Mlendo wa Varangean "pamiyala yamphamvu yamphamvu imaphwanyidwa ndi kubangula kwa mafunde"
- Faist: Aria of Mefistophee "Kupita mdima"