Chiphunzitso
Mawu a munthu uyu adadziletsa kwambiri, nabwera nayo mwini wake waulemerero, ulemu ndi kumanga ntchito yopambana ntchito. Talente yosowa, ngakhale mphatso, idapanga Yuri Levitan mlendo m'nyumba yonse ku Soviet Union yonse. Adabweretsa m'mabanja onse achimwemwe komanso achisoni, adanenanso za zikalata zofunikira za boma.
Wokamba nkhani wa Levitan anakhala mawu onse m'mbiri ya dzikolo, kupulumuka limodzi ndi mayesero akuluakulu onse omwe anathetsera anthu a Soviet. Mawu akuti "akuti Moscow" idakhala khadi yodziwika bwino Yuri Borisovich.
DZINA lenileni ndi lottonesim of Levitan pobadwa - Yuka Berkovich. Adabadwa mu 1914 mumzinda wa Vladimir. Mitundu ya banjali idadziwika bwino komanso yochokera kunja kwa kunja, komanso pa mayina - Ayuda. Mnyamatayo adatsika ndi wotsika, wonyada kwambiri, wokhala ndi kapende yamphamvu kwambiri.
Kuyambira m'badwo wakale, Yuri ankasiyanitsidwa pakati pa anzawo mawu amphamvu kwambiri - nthawi zambiri ankapemphedwa kuti anansi awo aziwapatsa mwayi, kenako mawu a Levitan akhoza kuwamveka kudzera mumtsinje. Msana wamoyo wakhanda unali chiweto kwa onse oyandikana nawo, anali ndi abwenzi ambiri ndipo adakula mwana wachimwemwe.
Kuyambira ndili mwana, Yuri adalota moyo wake ndi sinema, adalota za ulemerero ndi kutchuka konse. Izi kotero kuti adathamangira m'misewu ndipo adapempha kuti achoke pamwazi. Ku Vladimir, adalandira malangizo kwa zitsanzo mu sukulu yaukadaulo.
Nditamaliza maphunziro kusukulu, Levitan afika ku Moscow ndipo sadutsa gawo lolemba lomwe likulandira. Zachidziwikire, wochita ku Yuri Borisovich sanawone - kukula pang'ono, thupi loonda, mawonekedwe ake, mawonekedwe apa kanema woletsa kuti akhale nyenyezi ya filimu komanso kanema wawayilesi.
Mwina dziko silikudziwa za Levitan ngati tsogolo silinamupangitse kuyesa dzanja lake pa wailesi. Panjira yokhala ndi zitsanzo kusukulu yaukadaulo, Yuri adalengeza kuti mawu okamba adatsegulidwa. Adasankha zopeza zabwino ndipo sanataye.
Inde, komiti yovomerezeka ija sanazindikire munthuyu motero. Anaonekera pamaso pa anyamata osowa, omwe ali pamasewera omwe ali pamasewera owoneka bwino komanso omveka bwino. Komanso, anali ndi kutsindika kwamphamvu. Komabe, mawu a Levitan adagunda akatswiri akatswiri - anali womveka bwino, wamphamvu ndi ng'oma, mitengoyo inali yaying'ono, pafupifupi yapadera. Nthawi yomweyo anapatsidwa luntha pawailesi monga gulu la ophunzira mu radioocomite.
Yuri Borisovich adayamba ndi gawo la zojambulajambula ndi ophika khofi kwa olankhula anmin. Linali tsiku, ndipo usiku adatha maola ambiri, akugwira ntchito momveka bwino. Anawerenga zonse motsata - ndakatulo, nkhani, nkhani, zomwe zidayimirira, ndikusintha nthawi zonse, nthawi zina zimadzuka miyendo.
Wolankhula mtsogolo wa dziko la dzikolo anathetsa "Okosi", anafunsapo ndipo anayamba kudziwa zambiri za mawu. Ndidapanga mawu anga kunena, nyimbo komanso zonse. Pang'onopang'ono, idayamba kumasulidwa usiku - Levitan adawerenganso zatsopano, kotero kuti okhalamo akutali, kotero kuti okhala kumadera akutali adzikolo angamve uthenga wofunikira kwambiri wa Moscow.
Chiyambire
Usiku wotere wakhala kuti wafika pachikondwerero cha Yuriborisovich akutanthauza tanthauzo. Ali ndi chizolowezi choyesedwa ndi kuwerenga mosamala nyuzipepalayo yomwe ilili, ndikungonena za tsiku lomwe likubwera mdzikolo. Ndipo sanadziwe kuti mkati mwa mphindi zochepa izi munthu wamkulu mdzikolo amamvera usiku wake wam'kazi.
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti mutu wa Soviet Union unkagwira ntchito usiku ndi wolandila wailesi. Ndipo mawu olimba mtima komanso olemera komanso owoneka bwino a Levitan adamva ndipo adayamika kwambiri Joseph yekha. Joseph Vissarsovich amatchedwa Mutu wa wailesi ndipo anati lipoti lake la Conglipt's Liwu loti aiwome, "mawu" awa.
Tsiku lotsatira, Yuri, yemwe anali ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndipo anali pafupifupi pafupi kuti abwerere ku mitsempha, amakhala pansi kuti awerenge lipoti la Stalin pamlengalenga weniweni. M'nthawi yayitali, wolengeza adachita ntchito imeneyi, osathamanga kapena kupanga cholakwika. Chifukwa chake, ponena za tsiku lina, Levitan adakhala mawu akuluakulu a dzikolo.
Mawu opambana
Nthawi yovuta kwambiri pantchito ya Levitan idachitika, nthawi kuyambira 1941 mpaka 1945. Anali iye amene, akulimbana ndi mantha ake ndi owopsa, adadziwiratu mokweza za m'dziko lomwe Hitler adamenya nkhondo ku Unionyo. Anali Levitan yemwe adanena zonse za nkhondo zofika mozungulira kozungulira pofika ku Soviet.Kwa zaka zisanu, iye sanapumule popanda kupumula - okhala ku Soviet Union adadzuka naye ndikugona. Mawu a Yul Borisovich anamvera asirikali kutsogolo, ogwira ntchito akumbuyo ndikuchotsa anthu, anthu okhala m'mizinda.
Mu 1941, Yuri adathamangitsidwa kuchokera ku likulu la Sverdlovsk, limodzi ndi iye ndidapita kukachita chinsinsi cha olga Vyyofolna. Ankagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi maikolofoni, kudziwitsa anthu a ku Usser popita patsogolo zochitika, kumawalimbikitsa chiyembekezo ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti chigonjetso chingatheke.
Pali nthano yomwe mayanjano a Levitan ndi ambulansi kwa aku Germany anali olimba pakati pa anthu omwe Hitler adafika pa Compatot kuti apeze ndi kusiyanasiyana, ndikusintha ndalama zambiri kuti aphedwe.
Mu 1945, Levitan adalosera kwa mdani yemwe adalipo kale. Zinali zomveka - Yurisovich yekhayo, amene amawerenga chilengezo cha chiyambi cha nkhondo, amatha kumaliza gawo lalikulu la dziko la dzikolo.
Zaka zapitazo
Nkhondo itatha, wolengeza adasiya kugwira ntchito yayilesi, kuwerenga nkhani zonse. Liwu lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi anthu onse okhala ku USSR ndi nkhani zabwino, zovuta komanso zazikulu, sizingasinthidwe kuti tikwaniritse mauthenga. Levitan amayamba kunena mafilimu olemba zokhudza nkhondo, kutsogoza kufalikira kwa osindikiza, kumachititsa malipoti kuchokera ku zochitika zazikulu dziko ku Red Square.
Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa, koma mpaka kwa 60-70s ya zolankhula za Levitan pa wailesi pa wailesi pa wailesi pa wayilesi. Audio onsewo, omwe mu Russia amakono amawonedwa kuti ndi "Levitan, yemwe amadziwira za nkhondo", adalembedwa mosiyana, patapita nthawi zambiri. Alibe zomwe sizikutanthauza kuti zomwe zidalengezedwa munthawi yomweyo, koma zambiri zinapereka lingaliro la mawu a Yuri Borisovich pazaka Zankhondo.
Yuri Borisovich adakhala wokamba nkhani woyamba m'mbiri ya dzikolo, omwe adalandira dzina la wojambula wagulu.
Imfa
Levitan adakhalabe wokamba kwambiri wa dziko lonse lantchito, motero masiku onse ofunikira ndi zifukwa zogwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhondo yokhudza dziko la dziko lapansi sikunachitike popanda kutenga nawo mbali. Mu 1983, wokamba nkhani wamkulu adayitanidwa kudera lakwawo, kupita kudera la Belgorodod, kukakumana ndi gawo lankhondo lankhondo pafupi ndi Kurk. Ngakhale ulendowu usanachitike, Yuri anati anali woipa.
Levitan anaganiza zolimba, koma palibe amene amayembekeza kuti kutentha kosavuta ndi dzuwa lizitsogolera kufika kwa vuto la mtima. Chochititsa chaimfa chinali zoyipa ndi ukalamba ndi mitima motsutsana ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya kunapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zovuta.
Maliro a munthu wamkulu uyu adachitika ku Moscow, manda a Levitan ali pamanda a Novodevichy.
Moyo Wanu
Anali wotchuka m'dziko lonselo, koma poyang'anizana ndi Levitan, zigawo zimangodziwa anzanga okha, abwenzi ndi abale. Yuri Borisovich anali ndi mawu achikale omwe sanaphatikize ndi mawonekedwe ake. Izi zidamupatsa chinsinsi popanda kulowererapo kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda pake - ndi mafani.
Yuri levitan anali ndi banja lokhala ndi banja lodzaza ndi zaka 11 - mkazi wachikondi komanso ana ophunzira. Komabe, banja lidagwa, wonena za mawu akuluakulu a Soviet Union adapita kwa bambo wina, kusiya banjali. Mwa njira, ukwati wachiwiri wa mkazi sunakhalitse, adanyamuka ndi kwa mwana wamwamuna ndi mwana wake m'manja mwake.
Yuri sananene kuti ukwati wachiwiri ndi mkazi wina, wotsalira kwenikweni mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake. Anayamba kukhalira limodzi ndi apongozi ake akale, omwe ankakonda kwa Lamulo. Pambuyo pake, wachikhalidwe cha Mlevi wa Levitan adagwirizana nawo mnyumbamo. Mwana wamkazi atayamba banja lake ndikubereka mwana wake wamwamuna, Yuri Borisovich adasamukira ku nyumba yapafupi ndi nyumba yapafupi.
Mu banja la Levitan atamwalira, tsoka lalikulu lidachitika - kumayambiriro kwa zaka chikwi zatsopano, mwana wake yekhayo adaphedwa. Wokayikirayo anali mdzukulu YU Rusovich, yemwe anali ndi amayi ake m'nyumba panthawi ya imfa. Momwe kupha kunachitika ndendende momwe zidachitikira, ndikuti idatsogozedwa ndi izi - zikuyenera kukhazikitsa zotsatira. Bizinesiyi idaphimbidwa kwambiri mu matolankhani.