Chiphunzitso
Mchifumu wamtsogolo wa ku Russia Alexandrovna, mkazi wa Emperor Alexor II, adabadwa pa Julayi 27 (malinga ndi kale la 1924 ku D DARDLID. Makolo ake anali phokoso la Ludwig II Hessian ndi Duchess wamkulu Maria Wilthemina Stoneskaya. Mtsikanayo adapatsidwa dzina lalitali maxililian Wilfenamina Augustus Sofia Marsian ndi Prievinskaya.
Pabwalo, mphekesera zimafalikira kuti mwana wamkaziyo adabadwa molumikizana pakati pa amayi ndi Baron AugutanC De Greerkle. Koma popewa mphekesera, Mtsogoleri wa Heble anazindikira mtsikana wa pabanja wapathengo wa Maria ndi mnyamatayo kuti Alesandro wolowa m'malo mwake ndipo anawapatsa dzina lake. Ana ake anakhazikika limodzi ndi amayi ake ku nyumba yachifumu ku Heiligenberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberberg.
Wansembe wa Chursing of Cimmerman anali atakulaku kuyambira komwe kwa Mary, popeza kholo lakelo lidamwalira, mtsikanayo ali ndi zaka 12 zokha. Kuchokera kwa okondedwa a Mary, ndi abale omwe adakhalabe. Abambo adzinal sanapite nawo nyumba yachipululu yaying'ono ndipo ana sanali achidwi. Zaka Zakale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachinsinsi zikufotokozera bata komanso mosiyana ndi mtundu wa mfumukazi. Sanakonde mipira yokongola komanso malo ochezera anthu ambiri, unyamata komanso wachikulire.
Moyo Wanu
Ali ndi zaka 14, mbiri ya mfumukazi ya mfumukazi yasintha kwamuyaya. Munthawi imodzi yoyendera kunyumba ya opera, Russian Tsealvich Alexander adakumana ndi DEVPADT. Ngakhale kuti Princem Hessénskaya sanalowe mndandanda wa akwati a ku Europe kuti alowe m'malo momveka bwino. Maria adayankha iye mobwerezabwereza. Kwa nthawi yayitali, makolo ake anali otsutsana ndi chitsimikizo cha mfumukazi chifukwa chochokera. Koma mwanayo anali anthu akumpopompo.
Maria Fedorovna, amayi ake a Alesandri, adabwera kumsonkhano wambiri ndi Maria kupita ku Germany. Mtsikana wowoneka bwino mosayembekezereka anakonda apongozi ake, ndipo anavomera kukwatira. Kwa zaka ziwiri, adaganiza zozizwitsa ukwati mokhudzana ndi ubwana wa Mkwatibwi. Pa nthawiyo adakwanitsa kutonthozedwa ku Russia. Mwana wamkazi wa ku Germany adatengera dzina lake la Orthodoxy, kusinthitsa dzina lake lenileni ku Russia - Maria Alexandrovna, atavulazidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi Zsarevich. Chapakatikati pa 1841, Maria ndi Alexander anali ndi udindo wa Tchalitchi cha Tsurskoye nyumba yachifumu.
Ukulu wake Wachifumu
Mu 1856, ali ndi zaka 32, Maria Alexandrovna, pamodzi ndi mnzake, adalowa Mpando Wachifumu. Kuphimba kunachitika ku tchalitchi cha kudziyesa kwa namwali, Bwanamovsky Kremlin. Koma atatha mpando wachifumu, wachifumu watsopano wa banja la Romav anapewedwa ndi zochitika zachilendo. Amakonda gulu la anthu lofanana, komanso kulankhulanso kwambiri ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo.
Oyimira ambiri apamwamba kwambiri adayambanso kutsutsana ndi ulamuliro wake. Ena amadzudzula Maria Alexandrovna kuti azitenga nawo gawo pang'ono pantchito zachilendo ndi zapakhomo. Koma anthu ambiri amazindikira kuti ali ndi mwayi woyambitsa gulu la Russia. Malinga ndi Frelilina Empress Anna alutuva, Maria Alexandrovna adanyamula mtanda woopsa wogwira anthu aku Russia.
Kupambana kwa Empress
Ndikosatheka kunyalanyaza zotsatira za zochitika za Mary Alexandrovna, ndipo, koposa zonse, gawo lawo pakupanga nkhondo yachipatala ya Russian-Turkey.
Mpachikidwe, kupulumutsa pamaulendo ku Europe ndi kuchuluka kwa banja lachifumu m'malo osonyeza kuchipatala cha asitikali, komanso chithandizo kwa amasiye ndi akazi amasiye. Pazochitika zake, asing'anga ambiri adatumizidwa ku Balkan kuti athandize abale a Slavs panthawi ya Turkey. Pansi pa kayendetsedwe kake m'dziko lonselo, mallests atsopano ndi misasa inatsegulidwa.
Maria Alexandrovna adachita gawo lalikulu pakusintha maphunziro. Nawo, idapeza mabungwe awiri apamwamba ophunzitsira, pafupifupi mabungwe 40, oposa 150 maphunziro ophunzitsira. Mfumukaziyi idathandizira kupota yatsopano m'gulu la Maphunziro a Amayi, omwe amathandizidwa kwambiri pa njira zachifundo.
Pansi pa kuyang'anira nyumba, asayansi K. D. Shuwakyky adapanga njira zingapo zodziwika bwino, zomwe masewera onse ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi adapirira. Pulogalamu yoyambirira yofunika idayamba kuphatikizapo zinthu za Lamulo la Mulungu, Russia, roography, mbiri, kuyeretsa, masewera olimbitsa thupi. Atsikana adaphunzitsidwanso zigawo komanso kusanja nyumba. Pamwamba kwambiri, maziko a sayansi, algebra ndi geometry adawonjezeredwa.
Mpaka za Grassronid Complent. Nawonso nyumbayo inali yopangidwa ndi dziko lonse lapansi zisudzo, yomwe timavala timadya omwe amathandizira kwambiri ku Russia mokwanira padziko lonse lapansi. Thehipo linakhazikitsidwa ndi sukulu ya ballet, yotumizidwa ndi ballerina Agrippina Vaganov pazaka zochepa. Mabungwe awa adasungidwa pa ndalama zapadera Maria Alexandrovna.
Ntchito yayikulu yopanga Mfumukazi ku kumasulidwa kwa anthu wamba, m'njira zonse kuchirikiza kusintha kwa mwamuna wake.
Banja
Kukwaniritsa kofunikira kwambiri kwa wolamulirawo kunali komwe adapatsa Russia ambiri olowa m'malo ambiri. M'banja ndi Alexander II Maria Alexandrovna adabereka ana amuna asanu ndi mmodzi ndi akazi awiri. Kumayambiriro kwa ukwati, banja lachifumu linakumana ndi tsoka lalikulu - ali ndi zaka 7 kuchokera ku Meningitis, mwana wawo wamkazi yemwe anali wamkulu kwambiri ku Alexander anamwalira. Achinyamata achichepere kutayika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kupweteka kwina kwa mayiyo kunali kutha kwa mwana wamwamuna wokondedwa Nikolai, yemwe anali kukonzekeretsa olowa m'malo a mpandowachifumu. Mu 1865, ali ndi zaka 22, Zesarevich anamwalira chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa msana. Zinachitika mwadzidzidzi, ndipo atangokhalira maliro a Maria Alexandrobna anali atasowa chidwi pamoyo wamuyaya. Mwana wachiwiri, Alesandro, munyumba yothamanga adakonzedwa pampando wachifumu, ndipo pamapeto pake adakwanitsa kukhala m'modzi mwa anzeru komanso olamulira a mtendere ku Russia.
Mwana wa Purezidero Sergey adadzipatula kukhala mkulu wa Moscow, yemwe adakwatirana mu nthawi yake ku Princess Elizabeth Fededovna. Pambuyo pake, anagwa m'manja mwa Bolsheviks: Sergey mu 1905, ndipo Elizabeti - mu 1918. Mwana wamkazi wamfumu wina, ndi mzungu wake Alerorovna adakhala mkazi wake. Ana ena atatu a Maria Alexandrovna, Vladimir, Alexey ndi Paul, anali ndi maudindo apamwamba. Mwana wamkazi wa Mary Wokwatiwa ndi Edinburgh, mwana wa Mfumukazi Victoria Victoria, amalimbitsa ubale waku Russia-Britain.
Chisomo
Maria Alexandrovna anali wopembedza. Anaphatikizanso zabwino za utumiki wa Chiprotestanti kwa anthu komanso kuya kwa chikhulupiriro cha Orthodox. A Greenkhal adaphunzira ntchito za makolo oyera, miyoyo ya oyera mtima. Anawerenga zopatulika za Maria Magidalene ndi Saint Seraphim Sorovsky. Ndi mbiri ya chikhulupiriro cha Russia, Maria Alexandrovna adayambitsa Freulin Anna Trutchev.
Posakhalitsa Hemani wa olungama adawonekera ku banja lachifumu, lomwe Nati Natian Alexandrovna adasungidwa mosamala, pakati pa ena, zingwe za banja. Tsarina adatsogozedwa ndi zokambirana zamulungu ndi gawo la Kiev, Philaret, Moscow, vasaly pavlovo-possadsky. Atakumbukira mayi a ana ake aamuna aja atakhala ku Yerusalemu, Kachisi wa Mariya Magadala, momwe zisonyezo za Elizabeti zimapumira.
Imfa
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa Mary Alexandrovna adakulungidwa ndi matendawa, kufa kwa Mwana wokondedwa, komanso wachiwawa kwambiri wa amuna achikondi. Mfumukaziyi sanawonedwetu kusakhutira kwake ndi machitidwe a mnzanuyo ndipo sanamuimbe mlandu.
Amadziwika kuti chidwi chachikulu cha Alexander II, Princess Ekaterina Dorgorukova, adakhala pamodzi ndi ana apathengo pansi pakhomo la Emplips. Munjira zambiri, izi zidachitika chifukwa cha chitetezo: 7 kuyesera kuti Tsar Reforner, koma yomwe idayamba kuphedwa.
Mfumukaziyi idakumana ndi zigawenga zonse, nthawi iliyonse chikhalidwe chake chidachepa. Dokotala Wathu Alexandrovna, Sergey Petrovich botkin, akumusamalira bwino, analimbikitsa kukhala ku Crimea nthawi zina. Koma miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo ya moyo wake Maria Alexandrovna, mosemphana ndi zomwe adotolo, adagwiritsa ntchito ku St. Petersburg, yomwe idasokoneza thanzi lake.
Khrisimasi idafa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe cha 1880 chifukwa cha zovuta za chifuwa chachikulu. Manda a mfumukazi ali ku Peter ndi Paul Camadel of St. Petersburg.
Kukumbuka
Kukumbukira Kwa Mmenemo Mary Alexandrovna sikufafala ndi mbadwa za m'mizinda, m'misewu ndi mabungwe ophunzirira. Mu Theriinsky share, yomwe mfumukazi yomwe ili ndi bolodi yosaiwalika idakhazikitsidwa posachedwa. Kachisi wa Mariinsky lero ndiye tchalitchi chachikulu cha nyumba ya amonke ya akazi ku Heppsimania.
Mu New Newsreel, Mary Alexandrovna agwidwa muzolemba komanso kanema waluso. Maudindo a ku Alexander II nthawi imodzi ankachita macheza ngati awa Natalia Vlasov, Marina Ansak ndi Anna Isakina. Makamaka chofanizira ndi Grompress adafika ku Iris Kozchenko, yomwe imawoneka pazithunzi za riboni wa Russian.
Wosoka chikondi amasangalala ndi mafilimuwo "Mfumu ya Roma", "chikondi cha Emperor" ndi mndandanda wa namwali "wosauka". Ku Kanokortina, mphunzitsi wa Alexei "Matilda, yemwe amadzipereka ku nthawi yakale ya Romant, a Sergey Hilmashte, Mikalin Olshanskaya, Louise Tolfram.