Chiphunzitso
Hayao Miyazaki ndiye makanema otchuka ku Japan, wotsogolera, wolemba panja, amapanga komanso chabe kupembedza okonda zamakono. Otsutsa satopa ndi kupereka talente ya Mlengi, atolankhani amakondwerera kwambiri chizungu cha matepu, ndipo anthu amafunitsitsa kupita ku sinema ya watsopano.
Mafani amalinganizo misazaki ndi nthano yabwino, makamaka kuyambira wotsika (mayao kukula (mayao owu), kumwetulira kwa Haya), kumwetulira mwaubwenzi ndi mawonekedwe ofatsa ambuye awa. Komabe, wotsogolerayo anavomereza mobwerezabwereza kuti anali kuyang'ana padziko lapansi ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka chiyembekezo chopepuka.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ubwana wa Haya unali wovuta kwa nthawi ya Japan: Mnyamatayo adabadwa mu 1941, mkati mwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Dziko la Shook la kusintha lidabwezedwanso losawoneka bwino m'tsogolo ndi umunthu wa Hayao, ndikupangitsa kukhala wotsutsa Fascism ndikutsimikiza pacisists.
Kuyambira ndili mwana, zomwe zidapita mumzinda wa Akabono-tymo, wojambulayo adapereka kusilira kwa ndege, komwe pambuyo pake ambiri amapezeka matepi ake. Tate wa mnyamatayo, Katzoodi Miyazaki, anali kugwira ntchito pazaka zankhondo ku fakitale ya Miyzaki Eiplein, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zigawo zikhale zamiyala ya 6m.
Banja la banja lathunthu linali lodziwika bwino kwambiri, mayao adakhala wachiwiri wa ana anayi. Pamodzi ndi Atate ndi abale, mnyamatayo amayenda pafupifupi konse ku Japan: Nthawi zambiri banja limayenera kusuntha chifukwa cha matenda a mayi a matenda a chifuwa chachikulu. Malo osinthika a mipando yakhala zaka zopitilira 10, kuyambira 1947 mpaka 1955. Mu 1956, chozizwitsa chinachitika - mayi wa Miyazaki anachira kwambiri chifukwa cha matendawa.
Mabotolo pafupipafupi sanalepheretse mnyamatayo kuti akhale maphunziro abwino kwambiri. Mu 1958, Hayao anamaliza sukulu yakale yochokera ku Sukulu ya Tytam ndipo amaganiza zolowetsa ku University Tokyo.
Mafilimu
Hayao anaganiza zosankha ntchito. Zojambula zidamuchititsa chidwi ndi mwayi komanso kwamuyaya. Mukadali wophunzira wasukulu wasekondale, mnyamatayo adawona filimuyo "nthano ya njoka yoyera". Malingaliro a chithunzicho anali wamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti Miyazaki adaganiza zodzipereka.
Kafukufukuyu adayesa mphamvu polenga manga ake (ojambula), koma zovuta zinakumana nazo. Choyamba, Hayao sanadziwe kukopeka ndi anthu, nthawi ina anali chabe luso la ndege. Kachiwiri, kufananizira zojambulazo ndi mafomu owuziridwa ndi anime ake, wojambula wa Novice adazindikira kuti adakopedwa mwatsatanetsatane kalembedwe. Omvera sanawone ntchito yoyamba ija: Miyazaki anawotcha chilengedwe chake.
Mu 1963, bambo wina adalembetsa ku yunivesite ya gakulun, komwe adaphunzira zandale ndi zachuma - zinthu zomwe zili kutali ndi dziko la makanema. Koma pa nthawi ya wophunzirayo, Hayao adakwanitsa kupeza zokumana nazo zofunikira kwambiri: zaka zonse zowerengera iye anali gawo la buku la buku la yunivesite. Mabuku a ana adakhala chinthu chachikulu chisamaliro cha bukuli ndi ntchito za olemba Europe adaphunziridwa mosamala.
Kumapeto kwa yunivesite, Hayyao wazaka 22 adalowa ntchito ku Toei makanema ojambula, imodzi mwa ma studio owoneka bwino kwambiri ku Japan. Dzulo, omaliza maphunzirowa adayamba ndi Azov ndipo mwachangu adakwera ntchito. Mu 1963, Hayao adagwira ntchito yoyendetsa gawo la gawo - zojambula zapakati pa mayendedwe a zilembo Anime Tan chuwiuther. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, mu 1965, talente ya katatu yaying'ono idawona utsogoleri wa studio. Zinthu zake zimayamikira chopereka chake polenga zojambula zakuda ndi zoyera za space "ndipo ngakhale kuloledwa kusintha chithunzicho.
Kuyambira mu 1969 mpaka 1971, mayao adakwanitsa kugwira ntchito zitatu - Cat "ya Trilogy", kutchinga kwa sitima ya mangamu ya mangau ", ndipo kanema wachipani. Nthawi ino Miyazaki idayamba kuthamanga ndikujambula makanema ojambula. Zofanana ndi chilengedwe cha zojambulajambula, wojambulayo adajambula manga, nthawi yomweyo buku la zithunzi "tizirombo" lidasindikizidwa. Miyazaki yosindikizidwa pansi pa dzina la Saburo Akinga.
Kugwira ntchito ku Toi kwabweretsa luso la ojambula novice komanso kukhala pachibwenzi. Studio ya Miyakuki yasintha njirayo motsogozedwa ndi anithunzi otchuka a Japan Morio Mori ndi Messa Tihaata, mnzake wapamtima komanso mnzake wapamtima.
Ngakhale kuti zinthu zinali bwino kwambiri pantchito yake, Hayao sanakhutire ndi zovuta kwambiri. Pamodzi ndi zilonda zina ndi Takahahat, adapanga mgwirizano womwe umateteza zofuna za ogwira ntchito a Studios. Chiwopsezo chatsatira njira yopuma pantchito: Wotsogolera wa Toei adachotsa mbiri ya Kumpoto "Kalonga wa Kumpoto". Kuvula kwa iye kunamtero Hasa yekhayo, ndipo anatsogolera chithunzi cha Isa Taatia. Kusintha komwe kunabwera mu 1971. Anzanu adaganiza zosintha studio.
M'chaka chomwecho, Miyazaki yokhala ndi macheza adakhazikitsa polojekitiyi yodziyimira pawokha A-ro, koma kuyamba kwa ntchito yodziyimira pawokha kumayenera kulembedwa. Malo apakati panali zosangalatsa za studio. Kumeneku, Miyazaki ndi Akatatalana adagwiranso ntchito popitilizabe nkhani zakuti "Lupine III". Ma TMS, othandizana nawo amagwira ntchito kwa zaka ziwiri.
Malo obwerawo anali mgwirizano wathanzi ndi makanema ojambula a NipPon, komwe mu 1978 Miyazaki adayitanitsa monga wotsogolera. Ntchito yake yoyamba ndi animeryry anime "conan - mwana wamwamuna kuchokera mtsogolo", adawomberedwa pantchito ya "mafunde odabwitsa".
Patatha chaka chimodzi, oimbawo adasinthiranso studio kachiwiri ndikubwerera ku TMS. Kafukufuku yemwe anali wodziwika kale mozimitsidwa kale Miyazaki anali wodalirika. Pomaliza, Hayao adapanga chojambula choyamba choyambirira. Lupine III: Caloototro Castle. " Kupambana kwa pentiyo kunali kovuta, "lupine iii" ndipo tsopano yaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa omwe akhazikika kwa anime omwe adapangidwa ku Japan.
Poyankhulana, ma iconic animator nthawi zambiri ankabwereza zomwe adasiya manga chifukwa chosakhutira ndi zotsatira zomaliza. Mwamwayi mafani a Mlengi, omvera anali ndi malingaliro osiyana ndi onse.
Mu 1982, magazini yamagazini yamagazini inayamba kufalitsa manga kwa olemba a Hayao. Ngwazi ya mafanizo idakhala mwana wamkazi wamfumu, wokhala m'gulu la dziko lotayidwa ndikulimbana ndi chilengedwe. "Posavuta m'chigwa cha mphepo" mwachangu adapambana, ndipo mutu wa nyumba yosindikiza "Tokum Spen" adapereka lingaliro la filimuyo. Miyazaki anavomera, kukula kwa utoto kunayamba nthawi yomweyo.
Malinga ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikitsidwa, Hayao adakopeka ndi polojekiti takahat: Isao adatenga chithunzi. Chifukwa cha ndandanda yowonda, zojambula zazitali zazitali zidawoneka pazenera lalikulu kale mu 1984. Otsutsa adakondwera.
Kupambana kwa tepi yoyamba kunalimbikitsa mkulu wazaka 43. Pamodzi ndi Isa Takahabera ndi mkonzi wokongoletsa, Miyazaki adapanga studio yotchuka ya Ghiabli, yomwe idafotokoza zaukadaulo wonyezimira padziko lonse lapansi wa ku Japan. Stubles "Bibles" adawonekera mwalamulo mu 1985, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi adapereka owonerera polojekiti - filimu yolima "kutalika kwa kumwamba."
Mu 1988, "Toodo wanga" adabwera ku renti. Chithunzichi chimagwirizana ndi omvera ku Englicy wa m'zaka za m'ma 1900, pomwe alongo awiri akukumana ndi ma Advels ndipo amakumana ndi zachilendo, koma mizimu yokongola ya nkhalango. Zonunkhira zokongola zimakondedwa ku Japan ndi kunja, achikulire ndi ana adadziwika ndi zilembo za ma tepi, ndipo Totroodo yekha adatenga malo olemekezeka pa studio Ghiabli Giber Giber.
Totoro adawulula gawo lowala la ntchito ya a Japan Getswiri a Japan: otchulidwa odziwika, kapena makamaka, atsikana ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala ngwazi za mafilimu ake. Atsikana olimba mtima, olimba mtima komanso oganiza bwino amapezeka mu "ntchito yobwereka kwa asing'anga", axis-axis. "Process" ndi nthano chabe ". Amakhulupirira kuti "princess yanok" adabweretsa Miyazaki ndi Stubbles "Bibble" padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri, chithunzi chinali ndi chithunzi ku United States, chizindikiritso chinavomerezedwa ndi mgwirizano ndi Walt Disney, yemwe adasaina mu 1996. Malinga ndi kuzindikira kwa anzawo aku America, Miyazaki posayina Mgwirizanowu kunali kwa anthu. Wotsogolera adapempha kuti studio imabereka kujambula chimodzimodzi monga momwe analiri mu choyambirira. Monga mkangano, ojambula adatumiza lupanga la Samurai, chojambula mu utoto wofiira, ndikusainira gawo likuti: "Musadule".
Mukamaliza Princess Prisste, wotsogolera adalengeza koyamba kufuna kusiya studio ndikupita kukajambula. Mapulani ophwanya chochitika chovuta - Imfa ya Condo, imodzi mwazovala zojambulajambula Ghibe Ghiabli.
Miyazaki anapitilizabe kugwira ntchito. Ntchito yotsatira inali riboni "yovalidwa ndi mizimu", yomwe idawona Kuwala mu 2001. Za kupambana kwake motero amafotokoza za mphotho yake: mphotho ya kanema wa ku Japan Academy, chimbalangondo cha Goltch, chomwe chidatengedwa pa chikondwerero cha 2002, ndipo, pomaliza, Oscar adalandira chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake.
Khalidwe lalikulu la pentiyo linali kamtsikana kakang'ono tikhiro, yemwe makolo awo, akumenya dziko la matsenga, atasandulika nkhumba. Kuti awapulumutse, mwana wamkazi amayamba kugwira ntchito yopita ku malowa, mfiti ya Yababa. Mukakhala pamalo ake pamalo ophunzitsidwa, Tikiro amadziwana ndi Haku, chinjoka ndi mwana wa Canas, komanso Mulungu wa Caonas, Agogo Kamazi, Msungwana Rin.
Mu 2004, mndandanda wa zopambana zinabwezeretsa chithunzichi cha "Gostolo" woyenda ", womwe umakhazikitsidwa ndi chidole cha Wortey World Diana Wina Winan Jones A Jonen Jones A Jonen Jones A Jones A Jones A Jones A Jones A Jones A Jones A Jonen Jones A Jonen Jones Jones Mbiri yakupanga chithunzichi ndizachilendo: Miyazaki anavomera kuti amalize ntchito ya mkulu wina, mormow hosoda.
Kalanga ine, zotumphukira zimatsatiridwa mwa kugwa. Mu 2006, situtudi yomwe inamalizidwa ntchitoyo pamayiko a "madera a dziko lapansi", kutalika kwa anifupi, kuzungulira kwa mabuku a Ursume Le. Miyazaku anapempha kuti avomereze lamulolo, koma mwana wake agogo anayamba kugwira ntchito pa filimuyo. Mukukonzekera kujambula, ubale wa otsogolera achichepere ndi wodziwa zambiri adasokonekera, ndipo Ursula mwini adakhumudwitsidwa ndi ntchito yobowola mzindawo.
Kuyerekeza nthano "kwa" nthano "kwa" sikunapangitse Wotsogolerayo atasiya makanema ojambula, ndipo mu 2008 filimu yonse ya zisoti zonse "nsomba pamwala" inatuluka. Miyazaki idatsimikizira ngozi: Ntchito yatsopano idapatsidwa mabonasi awiri ku Japan ndi awiri a Phwando la filimu ya Venetian.
Hayao adapereka dziko osati lodabwitsa, limodzi la ntchitozo lidakhala malo osungiramo makanema. Lingaliro lopanga malo osungiramo zinthu zakale "kusindikiza koyamba kulengeza mu 1998, koma chifukwa chogwira ntchito pamalo olemba, kuyamba ntchito kunasinthidwa mobwerezabwereza.
Ntchito yomanga idayamba kungoyambira 2000 yokha. Wotsogolera yekha adagwira ntchito pamapepala. Hayao amafuna kapangidwe ka nyumba yayikulu kuti ikhale mbali yongoyerekeza. Zochitika zopezeka pa Okutobala 1, 2001. Museum ya Anime Studio imapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a labyrinth, kuyenda komwe alendo omwe akukumana ndi zilembo zomwe amakonda.
Kutulutsidwa kwa nsomba pono mu 2008, mkuluyo adathyola zaka 6. Munthawi imeneyi, Miyazaki adatenga nawo gawo polemba zomwe matepi ena atsopano "ma pibles" ("ariset ochokera kudziko la Lilipouts" ndi "kuchokera ku malo otsetsereka") komanso mu 2014 kokha mu 2014 ndipo mu 2014 kokha.
Maukwati ayao sakanatha kusiya chilengedwe cha "mphepo yokhotakhota", maziko omwe nkhani ya moyo wa Dziro Chirhosi, ndege yotchuka ya ku Japan, yemwe amagwira ntchito pa ndege ya A6m Zero.
Kuyimira ntchitoyi ku Venice filstval Phwando la 2013, Miyazaki adadziwitsa mwalamulo pa kumaliza ntchitoyo. Patatha chaka chimodzi, dzina lake lidaphatikizidwa mu "holo yotchuka pa nkhani yasayansi". Ndipo mu Novembala 2016 Mbiri idawoneka, yosangalatsidwa ndi mafani ambiri: kukonzanso filimu ya maestro.
Wotsogolera adagwira ntchito yachidule ya "Caterpillar Boro". Mu ntchito yatsopanoyi, Hayao adaganiza zoyesa matekinoloje 3d. Premiere adayamba kuchitika mu Marichi 2018 pa Museum of Gibbles, komwe wawonetsedwa tsopano.
Moyo Wanu
Zosakaniza zokhala ndi zoyeserera ndi mapulani ogwirizana ndi majeremusi atsopano komanso zimawonetsa bwino malo wamba, koma pang'ono pa moyo wamunthu komanso banja la Miyazaka.
Mkazi wa Hayao adakhala Akémi Ota, Woyang'anira Makanema Oyang'anira. Ukwati unachitika pamene wochulukitsa anali ndi zaka 24. Ana aamuna awiri anaonekera muukwati - goo ndi Casisuke. Mwana wamwamuna woyamba kubadwa anapititsa milandu ya abambo ake, ndipo Kaiseu anagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo wamatanda.
Akatswiri a Hanao Misamalazaki, zikomo kwa mafani ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, atasandulika kukhala gawo lenileni. Ma nthiti ake ovala bwino, odzaza ndi mawu anzeru, osakanitsidwa ndi zolemba. M'malo mwa Hayao, pali tsamba mu "Instagram", lomwe limapereka mafelemu ochokera ku abwana otchuka a katuni. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mu malo ochezera mumakhala maluwa a miyazaki, omwe amapanga makonzedwe osinthika, kukopera mafelemu kuchokera kujambula kwa makanema ojambula ndi wotsogolera.
Hayao miyazaki tsopano
Kufalikira kwa wotsogolera sikunamalizidwe. Kuti chisangalalo cha mafani a Hayao miyazaki, choyambitsa cha studios "Gibbles" Tosio Suzuki ananena kuti chithunzi chotsatira cha Mbuye 13 chotsatira? " Kuwala kwambiri pazaka zitatu kapena zinayi zotsatira.
Zochitikazo zidazikidwa pa dzina lomwelo la buku la 1937 lonena za mnyamatayo jun Junshiti Honda Honda, yemwe amatchedwa kusuta molemekeza asayansi Nikolai Copernicus. Mnyamatayo atasula atate wake ndipo amakakamizidwa kupita kunyumba kwa amalume abwino, pomwe amakhala nzika za abale ndi alongo.
Chiyembekezo cha okonda minofu a Minofu kuti akaonekere mu Mbande zamtsogolo zimasiya ntchito za ophunzira a Miyazaki. Chapakatikati pa chaka cha 2018, chithunzi "Mariya ndi Wirtin maluwa" a Gromasa Yonbayashi, ogwirira ntchito pansi pa utsogoleri wake kuti apange zithunzi za mizukwa "ndipo" kuyenda nyumba yachifumu ". Ntchito ya mkulu watsopano wa cromas adamasulidwa ku studio "Ponoc" (studio Ponoc), koma, malinga ndi iye, gulu la akatswiri ojambula adapitiliza kupanga makanema opanga, omwe ali "studios.
Komanso, kupitiriza kwa miyambo ya Hayao kumatchedwanso Makoto Sync ochulukitsa, ngakhale ogwiritsa ntchito modzichepetsa kuti kuthekera kwake kumamveka.
Kafukufuku
- 1984 - "Cholakwika Kuchokera ku Chigwa cha Mphepo"
- 1986 - "thambo la Lastle"
- 1988 - "Mnansi Wanga"
- 1989 - "Ntchito Yotumiza Makhalidwe"
- 1992 - "Kuponya Rosso"
- 1997 - "Princess Jononok"
- 2001 - "ali ndi mizimu"
- 2004 - "kuyenda nyumba yachifumu"
- 2008 - "Gono PONO Pathanthwe"
- 2013 - "Amphamvu"
- 2018 - "Crawler Boro"
Zosangalatsa
- Ngwazi ya ngwazi idakhala chizindikiro cha studio "ma gibles", adawonekeranso mu katuni "nkhani ya zoseweretsa. Kuthawa kwakukulu. "
- "Mizukwa inkavala" - zochulukitsa zochulukitsa za wotsogolera, phindu lomwe mtengowo udafika $ 200 miliyoni ngakhale asanagule ku United States.
- "Mnansi wanga Toorto" adalowa nawo pulogalamu yokopa m'masukulu aku Japan.