Chiphunzitso
Nikola Tesla ndi injiniya, wasayansi, yemwe ndi wasayansi kwambiri komanso wasayansi wa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Zomwe zimenezi zinkasintha kwamuyaya padziko lapansi, ndipo moyo wake ndi biography zidadzazidwa ndi zodabwitsa. Amuna otchuka padziko lonse lapansi apeza ngati Mlengi wa mota, jenereta, makina ochulukitsa ndi zida zazikulu za gawo lachiwiri la kusintha kwa mafakitale.
Nikola Tesla amadziwikanso kuti mmodzi mwa omwe ankakhulupirira kuti kulimidwe kwaulere kwa ether. Anayesa kuyesa kwakukulu ndikuyesera kutsimikizira kupezeka kwake komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ofunikira. Amatchedwa amithunzi omwe ananeneratu za zamakono, ena anatcha charlataan ndi matenda a Schizophrenic, lachitatu - lophunzila wamkulu ndi asayansi.
Chibwano
Abambo a asayansi otchuka asayansi Tesla anali m'busa, mayi wa Geogina Tesla analera ana ndipo anathandiza mwamuna wake mu mpingo. Nikola anali ndi alongo atatu a alongo ndi m'bale amene anaphedwa ali mwana pogwa kuchokera pa kavalo. Banja limakhala 6 km kuchokera ku mzinda wa Gostich ku Serbia Sybiah. Nikola Tesla adawonekera pa Julayi 10, 1856
Masiku ano, malo obadwirako a ku Croatia ali ku Croatia, panthawiyo inali gawo la Austria-Hungary. Kalasi Yoyamba Mnyamatayo amaliza m'mudzimo. Ngakhale panali mikhalidwe ya aphunzitsi, iye ankakonda kwambiri pamenepo.
Chifukwa chake, nkhani yosamukira ku State idakhumudwa. Chifukwa chosinthira koteroko chinali kuwonjezeka kwa Atate ku San. Sukulu ya Nikola imati kumaliza ntchito ku Boma.
Atamaliza maphunziro ake, amayendera chaka chambiri chochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuyambira paubwana phunzirani kukhala odziyimira pawokha. Makolo amagwira ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala kunyumba, abale amasamalira mnyamatayo. Zimathandizira kusunga famuyo, pambuyo pake zimakonzedwa ku chomera kuti chibwereke ndalama. Pogwa cha 1870, amapita ku karlovac ndipo amalowa sukulu yapamwamba kwambiri.
Nthenda
Mu 1873, Nikola Tesla amalandira satifiketi yakukula, imangoyambira komwe mukupita. Makolo amafuna Mwana kuti apitilize ntchito yawo, inakhala wansembe. Achinyamatawa anali ndi zokonda zina zosakhudzana ndi mpingo. Kamodzi pamsewu, polakalaka zam'tsogolo. Posafuna kusamvera makolo, Nikola asankha kuphunzira sayansi zauzimu.
Cholinga cholamulidwa mwanjira ina. Mu mkhalidwe wa mliri wa kolera udatuluka, womwe udapotoza chakhumi cha nzika. Banja lonse la Tesla linali kudwala, motero Nikola ndi oletsedwa bwino kuti abwerere kunyumba. Amakwera kwa makolo ndipo posakhalitsa amadwala. Matenda asanu ndi anayi odwala ovuta ndi matenda ena adayamba kuyesedwa kovuta.
Zinthu sizinali zopanda chiyembekezo, madotolo sakanatha kuthandiza kalikonse. Kukambirana ndi abambo ake kunachitika m'masiku amodzi ovutikira. Abambo, atayesetsa kudalitsa mnyamatayo, nati zonse zikhala bwino, ndipo adzachira. Nikola adayankha kuti adabalalika ngati abambo ake angamulole kupereka moyo wake ku ukadaulo. Abambo analonjeza mwana amene akumwalira kuti adzaphunzira m'yunivesite yotchuka kwambiri ku Europe.
Mwina ichi chinali chifukwa chakubwezeretsa Nikola. Iye amakumbukira TheryOV, yemwe anali m'nyumba ya wansembe pomwe palibe amene akuyembekezera chilichonse. Mkazi wina wachikulire anali kudwala ndi nyemba za nyemba, zomwe zidakhala mankhwala odabwitsa omwe adayika mnyamatayo kumapazi ake. Pambuyo pochikyera, Nikola, zaka zitatu zobisika m'mapiri kuchokera ku ntchito yankhondo, chifukwa sanali asanachiritsidwe chifukwa cha matendawa.
Pambuyo pa matenda owawa, tesla adawoneka mwamantha nthawi yomweyo mwayi woti mutenge kachilomboka mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri amafana manja. Zolemba kuwuluka patebulopo, kufunidwa m'malo mwa mbale. Chinthu chachiwiri, chomwe adachipeza matendawa, ndikuwunika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kumawabisa zinthu zenizeni komanso kusintha malingaliro.
Pambuyo pake, izi zidawoneka kuti palimodzi kuti pamodzi ndi kufalikira komweko kunali masomphenya amtsogolo. Mphatso yachilendo idawonetsedwa poti asayansi amayimira chida kapena chida, kuyesedwa m'maganizo komanso kupezeka moyenera, kulandira mankhwala okonzeka. Kuthekera kwake kumatha kupanga nsanje yamakono.
Maphunziro
Mu 1875, Nikola Tesla imakhala wophunzira wa sukulu yapamwamba kwambiri ku Graz (tsopano graz testicur yunivesite), maphunziro amagetsi. M'chaka choyamba, akuonera makina a gramu, amaliza kuti ntchito yake yolimba ndi yolimba imalepheretsedwa ndi galimoto yokhazikika yamakono. Mphunzitsi adamutsutsa kwambiri, akunena kuti galimotoyo singagwire ntchito pazonse.
Chaka chachitatu chinayamba kutchova juga, kutaya ndalama zambiri. Pokumbukira nthawi imeneyi, amalemba kuti masewera a makadi sanasangalale ndi iye, komanso kufunitsitsa kusokoneza zolephera.
Omwe adapambana adagawa otayika - amatchedwa eccentric. Kukondana kwa kutchova juga kunatha ndi kutayika kwakukulu, pambuyo pake mayiyo amayenera kutenga ndalama kwa mnzake kupereka ngongole ya khadi.
Wophunzirayo amasankha kukumbukira ntchito zovuta kwambiri, zosamvetseka, sizinadutse mayeso omaliza, motero sukuluyo sinamalize. Mu 1879, abambo afa. Pofuna kuthandiza banja, Nikola ndi okhutira ndi mphunzitsi wa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chaka chotsatira, amalume a amalume, amakhala wophunzira wa nzeru za kuyunivesite ya Prague. Pambuyo pa semester yoyamba, imagwira ntchito ndi masamba pa Hungary.
Gwirani ntchito ku Europe
Mu 1881, adasamukira ku Budistst, imagwira ntchito yopanga ukadaulo wa Wopanga Central Telegraph ndi Wolemba Sseftman. Apa, ali ndi mwayi wophunzirira zothandizira pang'onopang'ono, kuthekera koyesa ndikupanga malingaliro ake. Ntchito yayikulu ya nthawi imeneyi inali kupanga galimoto yamagetsi posinthana pano.
Kwa miyezi iwiri yosakwanira yopanga zonse ziwiri ndikuchulukitsa, zosintha zonse za dongosololi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi dzina lawo. Zatsopano mwa ntchito za tesla zinali kuti kuthokoza kwa iwo kuthekera kwa kupatsira mphamvu mtunda wautali, kupereka zida zowunikira, fakitale yamagetsi.
Mu 1882 kupita ku Paris, adakonzedwa ku Edison Edison. Kampaniyo idagwira ntchito yomanga malo opangira magetsi chifukwa cha sitima yapamtunda ku Strasbourg. Pofuna kuthana ndi mavuto, Tesla adatumizidwa kumeneko. Mu nthawi yake yaulere, wasayansi amagwira ntchito mota, mu 1883 akuwonetsa ntchito yake pa holo ya Strasbourg City.
Ntchito ku America
Mu 1884 zimabwereranso ku Paris, komwe amakana kulipira ndalama zolonjezedwa. Tesla yosungunuka imakwanira ndikupanga chisankho chopita ku America. Julayi 6 afika ku New York. Imakonzedwa mu edison Makina Ogwiritsa Ntchito Injini Yokonza Mitundu yamagetsi ndi mapangidwe a DC.
Tesla akuyembekeza kudzipereka kuntchito yakeyande - kulengedwa kwa magalimoto atsopano, koma malingaliro a kulenga kwa yemwe adayambitsa Edison. Panali mkangano pakati pawo. Omwe akukhulupirira kuti wotsutsayo adamwalirayo kuti apeze pafupifupi madola aku US. Tesla adapambana mkangano popereka mitundu 24 ya Edison. Kubwezeretsanso mkanganowo kunali koona mtima, a Thomas Elison sanapatse ndalama.
Woyang'anira amachotsedwa ntchito ndipo amakhala osagwira ntchito. Kwa njira ina yokhalamo, kukumba dzenje ndikuvomereza zopereka. Munthawi imeneyi, zomwe mnzake amawadziwa ndi injiniya wonyezimira, wokhala ndi dzanja lowala lomwe anthu achidwi angaphunzire za malingaliro a wasayansi. Pafupifupi avenue wa Nikola, amachotsa labotale, yomwe kenako imakhala kampani yopepuka ya Ark ", yopanga nyali za Arc kuti ziunikire.
M'chilimwe cha 1888, Tesla amayamba kugwirizana ndi American George kumadzulo. Katswiri wa mafakitale amagula ma Pasinti angapo ndi gulu la nyali za Arc mwa woyang'anira. Pozindikira kuti patsogolo pake, amawombola pafupifupi patentrant wonse yonse ndikukuyitanirani kuti mugwire ntchito yanyumba yake. Tesla akukana, pozindikira kuti lidzachepetsa ufulu.
Mu 1888-1895, wobala zipatso kwambiri, wasayansi amafufuza zamphamvu kwambiri zamagetsi. Woyamba ku American Institutes of Electoamuans imamuyitana kuti apange nkhani. Zilankhulo zisanachitike zida zamagetsi zinachita bwino kwambiri.
Mu 1895, pa Marichi 13, labotale pa njira yachisanu yowotchedwa pansi. Moto wawonongedwa komanso zopangidwa ndi zaposachedwa. Wasayansi adati anali wokonzeka kubwezeretsa chilichonse. Kampani ya Niagara imapereka ndalama zothandizira $ 100,000. Kuyamba kugwira ntchito mu labotator yatsopano ya tesla kunatha kugwa.
Kutsegula ndi zopangidwa
Kodi adapanga chiyani? Nikola Tesla anali ndi zopangira zambiri, koma zomwe zapeza zofunika kwambiri za sayansi zinali:
- Kusinthanako kwamphamvu pakukondwerera padziko lapansi kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi kukufanana ndi telesikopu pamalingaliro opepuka.
- Njira yosungira ndikupatsira kuwala;
- Chiphunzitso chamunda (chikuzungulira chamatsenga);
- Kusintha kwapano;
- Macgalimoto;
- Tesla coil;
- Wailesi;
- X-ray;
- Kulimbikitsa njira;
- Turbine Nikola Tesla;
- Chithunzi chojambulira;
- Nyali za neon;
- Kusintha kulowetsa gawo la masitima a Hydroelectric of Adams;
- Telepaat;
- Injini ya Asynchronous;
- Nyali yoyanjidwa.
- Kuwongolera;
- Subleria yamagetsi yamagetsi;
- Robotic;
- Ozone tenereta;
- Moto wozizira.
- Mayanjano opanda zingwe komanso mphamvu zaulere;
- Laser.
- Plasma mpira.
- Kukhazikitsa pakupanga mphezi.
Chinsinsi, umunthu wozungulira wa tela, unabereka nthano ndi nthano. Ofufuza amakono amakayikira malingaliro ake pa kuyesa kwa Philadelphian ndi sitimayo, ku Metusian Meteooria, kulengedwa kwa galimoto yamagetsi, kuwala kwa imfa. Tesla adakhulupirira malingaliro a Universal, Mbiri ya Akasha, mphamvu ya dziko lapansi ndikuti ndikhale wamoyo.
Moyo Wanu
Tesla idasiyanitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe chodabwitsa komanso zachilendo. Amayi ambiri adamukonda, koma sanabwezeretse ndipo sanakwatirane. Anatsatiranso zikhulupiriro kuti moyo wabanja, kubadwa kwa ana sikugwirizana ndi ntchito ya sayansi. Atatsala pang'ono kufa, wasayansi akuvomereza kuti kukana kwa moyo wamunthu kunali munthu wozunzidwa.
Tesla atachoka kunyumba ya makolo ake, kunalibe nyumba. Ankakhala mu labotale kapena m'mapiri. Ndinagona kwa maola awiri patsiku, ndipo ndikakhala maola 84 kuntchito, osatopa. Nthawi ina ankangodya whiskey tsiku lililonse, pokhulupirira kuti zidzawonjezera moyo wake. Nthawi yomweyo inadwala ma neurosisis ndi maboma atoma.
Anali womuchirikiza Eugene - kusankha kwa anthu ndi kuwongolera chonde.
Kupirira ku Nikola Tesche
Chipilalacho ndi mayiyu wamkulu komanso wasayansi pazoyenera zake komanso zomwe zimapezeka mu Silicon Valley mu 2013 kuti apereke mwaufulu.
Ndalama zimasonkhana pogwiritsa ntchito Kickstater ntchito. Kutengera chifanizo, kapisozi wayikidwa, womwe udzatsegulidwa mu 2043. Chipilalacho ndi gawo laulere la zingwe zopanda zingwe.