Onor de Balzac - Biography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wake, Malangizo

Chiphunzitso

Onor de Balzac ndi wolemba waku French ndi imodzi mwazithunzi zabwino kwambiri. Mbiri yatsemphayo ya oyambitsa imafanana ndi ziwembu za ntchito zake zokha - mayendedwe anthawi zina, zovuta komanso zomwe wachita bwino.

Pa Meyi 20, 1799, mwana adabadwa mu banja losavuta ku France (Ulendo wa City) m'banja lophweka, yemwe pambuyo pake adabereka buku la zinthu zachilengedwe. Abambo Bernard Francois Balssa anali ndi maphunziro azamalamulo, omwe amachita bizinesi, amagonjetsa maiko a osauka komanso osweka. Kuyang'anira koteroko kunamubweretsera phindu, motero Francois anaganiza zosintha dzina lake kukhala "wapamtima" kukhala wanzeru. Monga "wachibale", balssa anasankha wolemba - Jean-Louis Gez de Balzac.

Oror Mayi, Anne-Charlotte Laura Salambay, anali ndi mizu yocheperako ndipo anali ocheperako kuposa mwamuna wake, wokonda moyo, zosangalatsa, ufulu, anthu. Okonda sanabisike kwa mnzake. Anna anali ndi mwana wowonjezereka komwe anayamba kusamala kwambiri kuposa wolemba wamtsogolo. Kusamalidwa kwa Ondore kunali pachithunzichi, ndipo mnyamatayo atatumizidwa kuti akakhale m'nyumba yoberekera. Ubwana wa bukuli ndi wovuta kutchula zabwino komanso zopepuka, zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndipo zimachitika pambuyo pake zimawonekera m'ntchito.

Makolo amalakalaka Balzac kuti alandire ntchito ya loya, chifukwa chake mwana wawo wamwamuna ku Wandom College ndi tsankho. Bungwe la maphunziro linali lotchuka chifukwa cha kulangizidwa mokwanira, misonkhano ndi okondedwa amangololedwa tchuthi cha Khrisimasi. Mnyamatayo sanatsatire malamulo am'deralo, omwe adalandira mbiri ya wachifwamba komanso wosakhazikika.

Ali ndi zaka 12, ator de Balzac adalemba ntchito ya ana oyamba, omwe ali mkalasi amaseka. Wolemba pang'ono amawerenga mabuku a ku France, ndakatulo zopangidwa, zimasewera. Tsoka ilo, zolembedwa pamanja za ana ake sizingasungidwe, aphunzitsi asukulu amaletsa mwana kuti akule mafunso, ndipo tsiku lina adawotchedwa "modzita."

Zovuta zokhudzana ndi kulumikizana pakati pa anzawo, ndi aphunzitsi, kusowa chidwi kunali kuwoneka kwa matendawa kwa mwana. Ali ndi zaka 14, banjali lidakhala ndi wachinyamata wodwala kwambiri. Panalibe mwayi wochiritsa. M'dzikoli adakhala zaka zingapo, koma adatuluka

Mu 1816, makolo a Balzak anasamukira ku Paris, ndipo komweko nkhaniyo anapitilizabe kuphunzira iye kusukulu. Pamodzi ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, Ohore adagwira ntchito yopanga kalaliki mu ofesi yocheperako, koma sanasangalale ndi izi. Zofalitsa Manila Balzac ngati maginito, ndiye bamboyo adaganiza zothandizira mwana wake polemba.

Francois adamulonjeza ndalama zaka ziwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, onor akuyenera kutsimikizira kuthekera kopanga ndalama pa bizinesi yake wokondedwa. Mpaka 1823, Balzac adapanga ma voliyumu 20 a ntchito, koma ambiri aiwo amayembekeza kulephera. Phokoso Lake Loyamba "CROMWW" linali lotsutsa chidatsutsidwa, ndipo kenako Barzac mwiniyo adatchedwa kuti ndi olakwika.

Malembo

Mu ntchito zoyambirira, Balzac adayesa kutsatira zolembalemba, adalemba za chikondi, adalemba zochitika zofalitsa, koma osachita bwino (1825-1828). Wolemba wolemba wotsatira adalimbikitsa mabuku a V. Scott, adalemba mu mzimu wa mbiri yakale.

Ndiye (1820-1830) Olemba amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yokha:

1. Zachikondi za munthuyo, zomwe zimafuna kuchita zokwaniritsa, monga Robinson Crusoe.
2. Moyo ndi mavuto a ngwazi yotchedwa kusungulumwa.

Kuwerenganso ntchito za olemba bwino, Balzac adaganiza zochoka ku buku la munthuyo, kuti akapeze chatsopano. "Udindo" wa ntchito zake unayamba kuchita umunthu wa ngwazi, koma gulu lonse. Pankhaniyi, maboma amakono a Borgeonio.

Mu 1834, Otoro amalenga ntchito, cholinga chosonyeza "zojambula zamakhalidwe" za nthawi imeneyo ndikugwira ntchito pa moyo wake wonse. Bukulo linatchedwa dzinalo "nthabwala za anthu". Lingaliro la Balzak linali kupanga mbiri yaukadaulo ya France, i.e. Zomwe dziko lakhala dziko lapansi, lomwe lipulumuka.

Kulemba mabuku koyerekeza kumakhala magawo angapo, kuphatikiza mndandanda wa nkhani zosiyanasiyana:

1. "Zambiri za NRAVAKH" (6 madipatimenti).
2. "Kafukufuku wa Filosophopiol" (22 amagwira ntchito).
3. "Kafukufuku wodziwa" (1 ntchito m'malo mwa wolemba 5-wokonzekera).

Bukuli likhoza kutchedwa Mbambande. Limafotokoza za anthu wamba, akatswiri a ngwazi za ntchito ndi udindo wawo pagulu amadziwika. "Anthu" nthabwala za anthu ali ndi mfundo zosaoneka, zonse zimachokera ku moyo, zonse za mtima wa munthu.

Nchito

Onor de Balzac pomaliza adapanga maudindo a moyo muukadaulo atalemba ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Gobsek (1830). Poyamba, nkhaniyo inali ndi dzina lina - "chiopsezo chosokoneza." Pano pali mikhalidwe yowala: umbombo ndi umbombo, komanso zokopa zawo pa tsoka la ngwazi.
• "Khungu la Shagreen" (1831) - ntchitoyi idapambana wolemba. Bukulo limakhala ndi chikondi komanso malingaliro achikondi komanso anzeru. Limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mafunso a moyo ndi mayankho omwe angathe.
• "Mkazi wazaka makumi atatu" (1842). Ngwazi zazikulu za wolemba zimachokera ku zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zili bwino, zimapangitsa moyo wotsutsa kuchokera ku malingaliro, kuposa kuwonetsera owerenga zolakwa zomwe zimakhudza anthu ena. Apa telzac Mudro imayika malingaliro okhudza umunthu.

• "Zosowa zotayika" (zofalitsa m'magawo atatu a 1836-1892). M'bukuli, nthumwi, monga nthawi zonse, zomwe zimatha kuyandikira mwatsatanetsatane, ndikupanga chithunzi cha moyo wamakhalidwe a nzika zaku France. Yowonetsedwa bwino pantchitoyi: Umunthu wamunthu, wokonda mphamvu, chuma, kudzidalira.
• "Glitter ndi umphawi kortyzznok" (1838-1847). Bukhu ili si lofananira ndi moyo wa makatani a Paris, momwe poyamba adawonekera pa dzina lake, koma za kulimbana kwa anthu wamba komanso zachiwawa. Ntchito ina yabwino kwambiri yophatikizidwa mu "Distritive-District" "nthabwala za anthu".
• Kukondana ndi Biography ya aroor de Balzac ndi imodzi mwamphamvu yophunzirira zinthu m'masukulu adziko lapansi malinga ndi pulogalamu yophunzitsa.

Moyo Wanu

Mutha kulemba buku losiyana ndi moyo wa munthu wabwino wa Cytore de Balzak, kuyitanitsa komwe sikungatheke. Ali mwana, wolemba wina atakhazikitsa chikondi cha amayi ndipo moyo wodziwa umunthu umayang'ana chisamaliro, chisamaliro ndi kudekha mwa akazi ena. Nthawi zambiri ankakonda kwambiri azimayiwo amakhala akulu kwambiri kuposa iye.

Wolemba wamkulu wa m'zaka za zana la 19 sanali munthu wokongola, monga ungawonekere pa chithunzi. Koma anali ndi luso losangalatsa, chithumwa, chokhoza kugonjetsa azimayi achichepere odzikuza m'njira yosavuta yokhayo yokha ndi zolemba.

Mkazi wake woyamba adakhala mayi wa Laura de Bernie. Anali ndi zaka 40. Anali mwana wamwamuna pa mayi ake, ndipo, mwina, anatha kusintha m'malo mwake, kukhala bwenzi lokhulupirika ndi uphungu. Kulefuka kwa buku lawo, okonda anzawo omwe anali okonda kucheza nawo, adathandizira makalata mpaka imfa.

Wolemba atakwanitsa kuchokera kwa owerenga, adayamba kulandira makalata mazana angapo ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo Balzac adakumana ndi vuto la mtsikana wachinsinsi wa luso laukadaulo. Makalata ake otsatira adapezeka kuti azindikiridwa kuchizindikira. Kwa kanthawi, Onofor adagwirizana ndi mlendo, ndipo atakumana ku Switzerland. Donayo adayamba kukwatiwa kuti sizidachitidwa manyazi ndi wolemba.

Mlendoyo adatchedwa Evalina Ganskaya. Anali wanzeru, wokongola, wachichepere (wazaka 32) ndipo nthawi yomweyo ankakonda wolemba. Pambuyo pa Balzak pambuyo mayi uyu mutu wa chikondi chachikulu m'moyo wake.

Okonda kawirikawiri, koma nthawi zambiri amalemba, amamanga mapulani amtsogolo, chifukwa Mwamuna wa Evalina anali wachikulire wazaka 17 ndipo nthawi iliyonse akana kusiya moyo. Pokhala ndi chikondi chenicheni pamtima kwa Gonekaya, wolemba sanadzipangitse kuti asakumane ndi akazi ena.

Pamene Vesizslav Ghanae (Mwamuna) atamwalira, Havalina atakankhira Balzac, chifukwa ukwati ndi wachi Franman adawopseza kupatukana kwake ndi mwana wake wamwamuna (pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo adayitana ku Russia (malo ake okhala).

Patatha zaka 17 atatha chibwenzi, awiriwo anali okwatirana (185). Tsopano onor anali atakwanitsa zaka 51 ndipo anali munthu wachimwemwe kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma adalephera kukhala moyo wabanja.

Imfa

Wolemba waluso amatha kufa mu zaka 45 pomwe adayamba kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, koma chifukwa cha kufunitsitsa kukonda ndi kukondedwa ndi Evelyn, adakhala.

Kwenikweni patatha ukwati, ganskaya adasandulika namwino. Madokotala adakumana ndi matenda oopsa a mtima. Wolemba sakanakhoza kuyenda, kulemba ndipo ngakhale kuwerenga mabuku. Mkaziyo sanasiye mnzakeyo, akufuna kudzaza masiku ake omaliza kuti akhale mwamtendere, chisamaliro ndi chikondi.

Pa Ogasiti 18, 1950, Baldac anamwalira. Pambuyo pake, adasiya mkazi wake cholowa - ngongole zazikulu. Evalina anagulitsa katundu wake wonse ku Russia kuti alipire nawo ndipo anapita ndi mwana wake wamkazi paris. Kumeneko, wamasiye wamasiye adapanga bungwe la Deunialiated Deunialians Dirganiatialiolioda, ndipo zaka 30 zotsala za moyo wake zidadzipereka kwa ntchito za okondedwa a okondedwa.

M'bali

• Shuana, kapena Brittany mu 1799 (1829).
• Chikopa cha Shagreen (1831).
• Louis lakholirt (1832).
• Banker Call Ninen (1838).
• Beatrice (1839).
• Mkazi Wakale (1834).
• Kusunga zokweza (1834).
• Mfiti (1834).
• Chikondi cha pa 1834).
• Rassawn Berth (1834).
• Navety (1834).
• Fakino Cana (1836).
• Zinsinsi za Prijean de Cadagnon (1839).
• GRERE Guwa (1840).
• Mkazi woganiza bwino (1841).