Ludwig van Beethoven - biography, photos, moyo wamunthu, amagwira ntchito

Chiphunzitso

Ludwig Van Beenoven ndi wojambula wotchuka yemwe adapanga ntchito zamatsenga 650 zomwe zidadziwika kuti ndi chuma chadziko lapansi. Moyo wa woimba waluso umadziwika ndi kulimbana kwa nthawi zonse pamavuto ndi zovuta.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

M'nyengo yozizira ya 1770, Ludwig Van Vathnoven adabadwa mwa osauka a Bonna. Ubatizo wa mwana unachitika pa Disembala 17. Amuna a mnyamatayo ndi bambo a mnyamatayo amadziwika ndi kuyimba talente, choncho amagwira ntchito kukhothi. Zaka za Ana, mwana ndi wovuta kutchula achimwemwe, chifukwa bambo ake oledzera komanso opemphetsa sathandizanso kuti chitukuko.

Ludwig yokhala ndi kuwawa kumakumbukira chipinda chake, chomwe chili m'chipinda chapamwamba, komwe kunali harppichine wakale ndi kama wachitsulo. Johann (Abambo) amaledzera kuti asadadziwe bwino ndikumenya mkazi wake, amamasula zoyipa. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kumenyedwa kunali kubwera ndi mwana. Amayi a kumwalira modekha, amayimba nyimbo za mwana ndipo momwe angachitire imvi.

Ali mwana, Ludwig adawonetsa maluso omwe Johann nthawi yomweyo adazindikira. Ndimasilira ulemerero ndi talente ya Amadeus Mozart, yemwe dzina lake likufuna kale ku Europe, adaganiza zokweza nzeru ngati izi kuchokera kwa mwana wake yemwe. Tsopano moyo wa mwana adzadzazidwa ndi makalasi otopetsa osewera piyano ndi valin.

Abambo, atapeza mphatso ya mnyamatayo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi imodzi pamagawo 5 - ziwalo, gawo, alte, valin, chitoliro. Wotchi ya Louis Louis Track pa zakupha. Zolakwika zochepa kwambiri zidalangidwa ndi zoyipa ndi kumenyedwa. A Johann anaitanitsa kwa mwana wa aphunzitsi, omwe maphunziro awo ambiri sagwirizana komanso osatetezeka.

Mwamunayo anafunafuna ntchito mwachangu nedtic ntchito yolipira ndalama. A Johann anafunsa kuti akuwonjezere malipiro kuntchito, ndikulonjeza kuti akonzekere uthenga wa mphatso ku Kapala. Koma banja silinachiritse bwino, monga ndalamazo zimamuledzera. Ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, Louis yemwe anali atapangana ndi abambo amapereka konsati ku Cologne. Koma ndalama zolandiridwazo zinali zochepa.

Chifukwa cha thandizo la amayi, a Genius achichepere adayamba kusintha ndikuwonetsa ntchito zake. Zachilengedwe zimapatsa mwana ndi talente, koma kukula kwake kunali kovuta komanso kopweteka. Ludwig adamizidwa m'masiku onse omwe amadziwika kuti sangatuluke.

Mu 1782, wotsogolera apyamu adapereka Mkristu anobu, yemwe amakhala Mphunzitsi wa Louis. Munthuyo adaganizira za mphatso zazing'ono ku Yunz natenga mapangidwe ake. Kumvetsetsa kuti maluso a nyimbo sapereka chitukuko, kumathandizira mabuku, nzeru komanso zilankhulo zakale. Schiller, Goeswe, Shakespeare akhale mafano a anzeru achichepere. Beethoven amaphunzira mwadyera ntchito za Baha ndi Handel, kulota kwa ntchito yolumikizana ndi Mozart.

Likulu la nyimbo za ku Europe, Vienna, mnyamatayo adapita koyamba mu 1787, komwe adakumana ndi Wolfgang Amadem. Wolemba mabuku wotchuka, atamva zomwe Ludwig, adakondwera. Anadabwa ndi Mozart adati:

"Osasiya kuyang'ana mnyamatayo. Mukamayankhula za iye. "

Beethoven anagwirizana ndi maestro pafupifupi maphunziro angapo, omwe amayenera kusokonezedwa chifukwa cha matenda a mayi.

Kubwereranso ku Bonn ndikuyika mayi, mnyamatayo adataya mtima. Nthawi yopweteka iyi mu Biograography yasokoneza ntchito ya woimbayo. Mnyamatayo amakakamizidwa kusamalira abale awiri achichepere ndikulekerera nthenga za Atate. Mnyamatayo adatembenukira ku kalonga ku kalonga, yemwe adasankhidwa kukhala banja lokhala ndi taler 200. Anthu oyandikana nawo komanso a Ludug atavulazidwa mwamphamvu kuti atuluke muumphawi ndikupeza ndalama movutikira.

Mnyamata waluso yemwe wapezeka mu Bonn Orrons, omwe adapereka mwayi kwa misonkhano yamisonkhano ndi saloni. Banja lophwanya linayamba kusamalira Louis, yemwe anaphunzitsa nyimbo za mwana wawo wamkazi yekha. Mtsikanayo adakwatirana ndi Dr. Vegeler. Mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake, aphunzitsi adathandizira ubale wabwino ndi awiriwa.

Nyimbo

Mu 1792, Beethoven adapita ku Vienna, komwe abwenzi Hesenate adapeza mwachangu. Pofuna kukonza maluso ovomerezeka nyimbo, ndinatembenukira ku Josef Hadiidn, yomwe ntchito zanga zimafuna. Ubale pakati pa oimbawo sanaimbidwa mlandu, popeza Haidna adakwiyitsa wophunzira. Kenako mnyamatayo amatenga maphunziro ochokera ku Shenka ndi albrechishberger. Kalata ya Vocal ikuyenda bwino ndi Antonio Salieri, yemwe adauza mnyamata m'mabwalo a akatswiri oimba ndi odzipereka.

Chaka chotsatira, Ludwig wang Beethoven amapanga nyimbo ku "chisangalalo chodina" cholembedwa ndi Schiller mu 1785 kwa malo ogona a Masonic. M'moyo wonse wa maestro, njira ya nyimboyi, imayesetsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri. Anthu onse amamva kulirana komwe kumapangitsa kuti munthu asangalatse, kokha mu Meyi 1824.

Posakhalitsa Beenoven amakhala pianist wa mtsempha. Mu 1795, kuwonongeka kwa woyimba wachinyamata kunachitika mu kanyumba. Kusewera piyano atatu ndi atatu akomwe awo, osangalatsidwa ndi nthawi. Kupendekeka kumeneku kunadziwika, chuma chamalingaliro ndi kuya kwa malingaliro a Louis. Zaka zitatu pambuyo pake, bambo wina amakugwadira matenda oyipa - tinnitus, womwe umayamba pang'onopang'ono, koma kulondola.

Beethoven zaka 10 zobisika. Zozungulira sizinazindikire za kugonthali kwa piyano, ndipo zosungidwa ndi mayankho sizinalembedwepo kubadwa ndi kusakhazikika. Mu 1802 adalemba chipangano cha Bulgendd, okambirana kwa abale. Mu ntchito youis imalongosola za kuvutika kwake ndi chisangalalo chamtsogolo. Munthu woulumulayo amalamula kuti angolengeza pambuyo poti wamwalira.

M'kalata yopita kwa adotolo, pali mzere womwewo: "Sindidzadzipereka, ndi kudya za pakhosi!. Agagy ndi mawu osonyeza nzeru adafotokozedwa mu strony yokongola "yachiwiri" ndi 3 valin sonats. Kuzindikira kuti posachedwa udzapuma kwathunthu, mwachangu kumachitidwa ntchito. Nthawi imeneyi imawerengedwa kuti ikhala kuti ikukula kwa luso la piano.

"Msomwa" wa 1808 ali ndi magawo asanu ndipo amakhala malo osiyana m'moyo wa Ambuye. Mwamunayo ankakonda kupumula m'midzi yakutali, amalankhulidwa ndi chilengedwe ndipo adasinkhasinkha zaluso zatsopano. Gawo lachinayi la symphony limatchedwa "mabingu. Mphepoyo, "pomwe mbuyeyo amapereka zinthu zokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito piyano, trompones ndi chiwindi piccolo.

Mu 1809, wolowerera kwa mzindawo Sitate Lude Ludwig adalandira lingaliro kuti alembe nyimbo "egmont" Goethe. Monga chizindikiro cha kulemekeza ntchito ya wolemba, wa pianiseyo adakana ndalama zolipirira ndalama. Mwamunayo adalemba nyimbo kufanana ndi kusinthana. Amuna a Anthony Aberberger adatsogolera pa wovotayo, kuulula kuti posakhala ndi talente. Poyankha kuwoneka mwaluso. Beethoven sanayamikire nthabwala komanso mwamphamvu anati:

"Ndikuona, ukutha kuchita zotamandika, ndipita kukalemba nyimbozi."

Kuyambira pa 1813 mpaka 1815, pali zochepa kale, chifukwa zimayamba kumva. Malingaliro anzeru amapeza njira yothetsera. Louis kuti "kumva" nyimbo, imagwiritsa ntchito matabwa opyapyala. Mphindi imodzi ya mbale imaphimba mano, ndipo enawo amatsamira padera la chida. Ndipo chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa kutumiza, mawu akumveka.

Nyimbo za nthawi ya moyo uno zimadzaza ndi tsoka, kunenepa komanso zanzeru. Ntchito za woyimba nyimbo wamkulu kwambiri zimakhala zodziwika bwino komanso mbadwa za nthawi.

Moyo Wanu

Mbiri ya moyo wa munthu wa piisi yopanda pake ndiyosowa. Ludwig m'chigawo cha Aristocratic adalingaliridwa wamba, motero analibe ufulu wolemba akazi a atsikana otchuka. Mu 1801, Julie Guchchdide adachita mchikondi ndi Julia. Maganizo a achinyamata sanali kulumikizana, monga mtsikanayo nthawi yomweyo amakumana ndipo ali ndi graph vinlleberberberberberberbetbe. Mfundo Zosangalatsa ndi Kuwonongeka Kwakukhumudwitsidwa kwa Wokondedwa Wokondedwa yemwe wafotokozedwa mu "sonar sonate", yomwe idakhala nyimbo ya chikondi chosakwaniritsidwa.

Kuyambira 1804 mpaka 1810, njuchi zimakondana mwachikondi ndi a Josephine BrunSwick - mayi wamasiye a Josef Daim. Mkazi amayankhidwa mwachidwi chifukwa cha chibwenzi ndi makalata a wokondedwa. Koma bukulo linatha pakukakamira achibale achibale, omwe ali ndi chidaliro kuti prosorotin siyikhala yoyimirira kuti ayesere okwatirana. Pambuyo pakupumula kowawa, munthu wochokera ku Teresa Malfatti. Amayamba kukana ndipo amalemba sonatoo "kwa Elise".

Chisangalalo cha m'maganizo mwamphamvu chidakhumudwa kwambiri ndi ng'ombe yomwe adasankha kugwiritsa ntchito moyo wake wonse kukhala kusungulumwa. Mu 1815, mchimwene wake atamwalira, adayamba kukopeka ndi mawu oti azigwirizana ndi mwana wa mchimwene. Amayi a mwana amadziwika ndi mbiri ya mkazi woyenda, choncho Khothi lidatsimikiza zofuna za woimbayo. Posakhalitsa zidapezeka kuti Karl (mwana wang'one) adalandira zizolowezi zoyipa za mayi.

Amalume amabweretsa mwana ku Rigor, kuyesera kukhazikitsa chikondi cha nyimbo ndikuchotsa mowa ndi kudalira kwanyengo. Popanda ana anu, bambo sakukumana ndi malangizo ndipo sadzachita mwambowu ndi anyamata oyipa. Chiwopsezo china chimatsogolera munthu kuti ayese kudzipha, zomwe sizinaphule kanthu. Ludwig amatumiza Karl kupita ku gulu lankhondo.

Imfa

Mu 1826, Louis adafooka ndipo adadwala m'mapapu. Kupweteka kwam'mimba kunagwirizana ndi matenda a m'mapelo. Dokotalayo amawerengedwa kuti awerengere mankhwalawa, motero panali ajarswon tsiku lililonse. Mkulu wa miyezi 6 akumangidwa. Pakadali pano, njuchi zoyembekezera anthu amayesa kuthetsa mavuto a kufa.

Wopanga waluso anamwalira pazaka 57 - Marichi 26, 1827. Patsikuli, mawindo adalanda mabingu, ndipo nthawi yaimfa idadziwika ndi mabingu owopsa kugudubuzika. Pakutsegulira, zidapezeka kuti ambuye anali ndi ziwiya ndi zomva ndi zoyandikana komanso zoyandikana nawo zidawonongeka. Panjira yomaliza ya Beethoven, nzika 20,000 nzika zimagwirizana ndi, gulu la mwambowo limatsogozedwa ndi Franz Schubert. Wolemba nyimboyo anayikidwa pamanda ovala mpingo wa Utatu Woyera.

Zosangalatsa

• Ali ndi zaka 12 adasindikiza zotoletsera zosiyanasiyana pazida za kiyibodi.
• Inali kuonedwa ngati nyimbo yoyamba yomwe Mzindawu wa mzindawu adasankha phindu la ndalama.
• Yolembedwa makalata a 3 Achikondi kupita ku "wokondedwa wosafa" wopezeka pokhapokha atamwalira.
• Beethoven yalembedwa opera okha otchedwa "Fidelio". Palibe ntchito zofanananso zomwe zili mu mbiri ya Master.
• Chisoni chachikulu kwambiri cha anthu a anthu a m'nthawiyo ndichakuti lidwig analemba ntchito zotsatirazi: "Nyimbo za angelo" ndi "Mely Wamvula". Nyimbozi zimapangidwa ndi opanga ma pian.
• Ubwenzi wofunika komanso wothandizidwa ndi zosowa.
• Amatha kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo pa ntchito 5.
• Mu 1809, pomwepo pamene napoleon adazunza mzindawu, kuda nkhawa kuti ali ndi zophulika kwa zipolopolo. Chifukwa chake, ndinali kubisala m'chipinda chapansi kunyumba ndikutseka makutu ndi mapilo.
• Mu 1845, chipilala choyamba choperekedwa kwa wovotayo chidatsegulidwa Boma.
• Maziko a nyimboyo "Beatles" "chifukwa" amaikidwa pa mwezi wa sonata, wotayika mu dongosolo.
• Nyimbo ya ku European Union idasankhidwa "kukhala chisangalalo."
• Adamwalira ndi mtovu poizoni wa thupi chifukwa chakulakwitsa kuchipatala.
• Akatswiri amakono amatsenga amakhulupirira kuti adadwala matenda osokoneza bongo.
• Zithunzi za Beethoven zimasindikizidwa pa masitampu a ku Germany.

Nyimbo

Mkampho

• Woyamba C-Dur Op. 21 (1800)
• Chiwiri cha D-Dur op. 36 (1802)
• Wachitatu es-dric "op. 56 (1804)
• Chinayi B-Dur OP. 60 (1806)
• Wachisanu c-moll op. 67 (1805-1808)
• Chisanu ndi chimodzi F-D-D-Dur "OP. 68 (1808)
• Chachisanu ndi chiwiri cha A-Dur. 92 (1812)
• Eight F-D-D-Dir. 93 (1812)
• Zisanu ndi zinayi. 125 (ndi kwayala, 1822-1824)

Zokolola

• Phamulani kuchokera ku OP. 43 (1800)
• "Oriolian" OP. 62 (1806)
• "Leonor" No. 1 OP. 138 (1805)
• "Leoni" № 2 OP. 72 (1805)
• "Leonira" Nambala 3 OP. 72a (1806)
• Fidelio kapena. 726 (1814)
• "EGMONT" kuchokera kapena. 84 (1810)
• "Mabwinja a Atene" kuyambira pomwe. 113 (1811)
• "Mfumu Stephen" kuchokera kapena. 117 (1811)
• "Dzinalo" OP. 115 (18 (4)
• "Kudzipereka Kwa Nyumba" Wed. 124 (1822)

Zopitilira 40 kuvina ndi maofesi a syhonic ndi brass orchestra