Mbiri Yodziwika
A Gregory melekhov - mawonekedwe apakati mwa buku la "STET DET", akuyang'ana malo ake osasintha m'dziko lomwe likusintha. M'malingaliro a zochitika za mbiri yakale, Mikhail Sholokhov adawonetsa tsoka la Don Con Cossack, yemwe angafune kukonda ndikumenya molimba.Mbiri Yolengedwa
Kuganiza kuti buku latsopanoli, Mikhail Sholkov silinaganize kuti ntchitoyo idzagwere mu epengo. Zonse zidayamba kukhala zopanda mlandu. Pakati pa chisanu cha 1925, wolemba adayamba machaputala oyamba a "Duvi" - lomwe poyamba limatchedwa kuti wolembayo akufuna kuwonetsa moyo wa Don Consucks. Kuyambira chiyambi, ma cossocks adayamba kukhala ankhondo a Cornilov pa Petrograd. Mwadzidzidzi wolemba adasiya kuti owerenga sazindikira zolinga za ma cossocks pakugalukiratu popanda prosery, ndipo adayika zolemba zapamwamba.
Chaka chokhacho pambuyo pake, pulaniyo yokhwima kwathunthu: ku Roma Mikhal Alexandrovich akufuna kuwonetsa moyo wa anthu omwe adakumana ndi zochitika kuyambira 1914 mpaka 1921. Chikondwererochi cha omwe akutchulidwa, kuphatikizapo grigoria melekhv, chinali kukakhala mu mitu ya Epic, ndipo chifukwa cha izi inali pafupi kwambiri kuti tidziwe miyambo ndi anthu okhala ku famu ya Cossack Farm. Wolemba "Wotentheka" anasamukira ku dziko la Vishnevskaya, komwe adalowa m'moyo wa "ukadaulo ".
Pofufuza zilembo zowala komanso malo apadera, omwe adakhazikitsa patsamba la ntchito, omwe adalemba pafupi ndi ntchito, adakumana ndi a Mboni za nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lapansi, zomwe zidawasonkhanitsa modeor. Anthu, komanso osungiramo zinthu zakale a Morstov pofufuza chowonadi pa moyo wa maphokoso amenewo.
Pomaliza, buku loyambirira la "Fre chete" linaona kuwalako. Idawonekera asitikali aku Russia kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo. Buku lachiwiri lidawonjezera kafukufukuyu wa February ndi Okutobala, monga momwe zidafotokozeredwa. Mu magawo awiri oyamba a buku la Sholokhov adayikidwa pafupifupi mazana a ngwazi, mtsogolo mwake adalumikizidwa ndi anthu 70. Onsewa, Epic idatambasulidwa m'mawu anayi, omaliza adamalizidwa mu 1940.
Ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa m'mabuku "Ogasiti", "Roman-Gazafana", "dziko latsopano" komanso "Izpistia", likugonjetsedwa mwachangu kuvomerezedwa kwa owerenga. Anagula magazini, anagula akonzi ndi ndemanga, ndipo wolemba - makalata. Ngwazi zimakumana ndi mabuku a Soviet omwe adazindikira kuti ndi zodandaula. Mwa ziweto, kumene, Gregory Melekhov analankhula.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, m'buku loyamba la Gregory kulibe, koma ndidakumana ndi dzina loyambirira la wolemba - pamenepo ngwazi yaperekedwa kale ndi zina zomwe "wokhala chete" mtsogolo. Prototype wa ofufuza a Melekhav a Sholkov amalingalira za Croslack Harlampia Ermakov, kuweruzidwa kumapeto kwa 20s mpaka kuwombera. Wolembayo sanazindikiridwe pamene bambo uyu adasandulika buku la mabuku. Pakadali pano, Mikhail Alexandrovich panthawi ya mbiri yakale ya bukuli idakumana ndi Ermakov ndipo idatsogolera makalata ndi iye.
Chiphunzitso
Bukuli limatulutsidwa nthawi zonse za moyo wa Grigory Melekha Lembelo lisanafike. Don Classack adabadwa mu 1892 pafamu ya Chitata (m'mudzi wa Vesinskaya), pomwe tsiku lenileni la kubadwa silikuwonetsa wolemba. Abambo ake a mantel a Melekhav nthawi ina anali kutayikira ku Otsaman asbe alonda, koma atakhala zaka zopuma pantchito. Moyo wa wachichepere mpaka nthawi itadutsa nthawi yayitali, mu zochitika wamba: thumba, usodzi, amasamalira chuma, kusamalira chuma, kusamalira chuma, kusamalira chuma, kusamalira chuma, kusamalira chuma. Usiku - misonkhano yokumana ndi kukongola kwa aksigni anakhpova, mayi wokwatiwa, koma wokondana naye amakondana ndi mnyamata.
Abambo ake sakhutitsidwa ndi mtima wathu komanso wavala mofulumira mwana wake pamtima wosadziwika - wofatsa Natalia Koshunova. Komabe, ukwatiwo sutha kuthetsa vutoli. Gregory amadziwa kuti sangathe kuiwala axchanha, kotero zimaponyera mnzanu wovomerezeka ndi malingaliro ake pantchito ya poto wam'deralo. Tsiku la chilimwe la 1913 la melekhvi limakhala bambo ake - mwana wawo wamkazi woyamba adawonekera padziko lapansi. Chisangalalo cha banjali chinakhala chachifupi: moyo unawononga nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, yotchedwa Gregory kuti ipereke udindo ku dziko lakwawo.
MeleKAphov adamenya nkhondo yolimba ndi nkhondo ndipo adasilira, mu umodzi mwa ndewu adadwala. Chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwa wankhondo, Georgievsky Crossion ndi kuwonjezeka kwa udindowo kunadziwika, ndipo m'tsogolo, mitanda inanso itatu ndi messals awiri adzawonjezedwa ndi amuna opambana mphoto. Adatseka malingaliro andale za ngwazi. Nanu bwino kuchipatala ndi Bolshevik Garart, yemwe amamutsimikizira kuti wachilungamo la ulamuliro wachifumu.
Pakadali pano, a Gregory Mellekhova akuyembekezera kugunda - Aksahha, wophedwa ndi wachisoni (wamwalira mwana wamkazi), amapereka kwa wamkulu wa Mwana wa malo a Lomwen. Mwambiri yemwe adafika nthawi yoyamba sadakhululukidwe kukhulupirika ndikubwerera kwalamulo, zomwe pambuyo pake zidamubereka ana awiri.
Mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni, Gregory imakwera kumbali ya "ofiira". Koma pofika mu 1918, imakhumudwa mu Bolsheviks ndipo alowa m'magulu a omwe adatsogolera gulu lankhondo lofiyira pa don, amakhala mtsogoleri wa magawano. Mkwiyo waukulu kwambiri kwa bollseviks mu mzimuwo umadzutsa imfa ya mkulu wa Mkulu Mbale Petro m'manja mwa munthu wina wokhala ndi mishKovoy.
Pachikondi, iwonso, amawiritsa chidwi - osonyeza satha kupeza mtendere ndipo amapuma pakati pa azimayi awo. Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwamoyo kwa Axier melekhov kumalephera kukhala mwamtendere m'banja. Chiweto chokhazikika cha mwamuna wake adakankhira Natilia kuti achotse mimbayo, womwe ukubereka. Kufa msanga kwa mkazi ndi munthu movutikira, pambuyo pake, kwa aliyense wokwatirana naye, nawonso adagwa, koma modekha.
Choyipa cha gulu lofiira pa ma cossocks a Cregory Melekhov kuti apite kuthamangira ku Noveryossisk. Pamenepo, ngwaziyo idayendetsedwa mu mapeto akufa adalowa nawo Bolsheviks. 1920 adadziwika ndi kubwerera kwa Grigory kupita kwawo, komwe amadzitchinjiriza ndi ana a Aksiyo. Boma latsopanolo linayamba kusangalatsa kale "choyera" choyambirira, komanso nthawi yopulumukira ku Kibani chifukwa cha "moyo wokhazikika" aksinhu adavulala. Kugwedeza zochulukirapo padziko lapansi, a Grigory adabwerera kumudzi kwawo, chifukwa marming atsopano adalonjeza kukondzedwa ndi ziwonetsero za zigawenga.
Mikhail Sholokhov adayika mfundo m'magawo omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri, ndipo osawerengera owerenga za tsogolo lina la melekhv. Komabe, sizovuta kuganiza kuti zidamuchitikira. Olemba mbiri yakale amati zaluso za wolemba kuti aganizire tsiku loti aphedwa chaka chokondedwa chowombera prototype yake - 1927.
Chifanizo
Zowopsa zowopsa komanso zosintha zamkati zazikulu melekhvava zoimbidwa ndi malongosoledwe a mawonekedwe ake. Mwachikondi ndi wachinyamata wogwidwa ndi wachinyamata kumapeto kwa bukuli amasanduka wankhondo wankhanza wokhala ndi imvi komanso mtima wamtendere:
... ... ndinadziwa kuti sindidzamusekanso monga kale; Amadziwa kuti maso ake anali akunja ndipo amamatira m'masaya, ndipo m'malingaliro ake, anali kuwalira kwambiri zankhanza zopanda tanthauzo. "Gregory ndi choleckic wamba: Kutentha, kutentha, kutentha komanso kusasamala, kumene kumawonekeranso ndi chikondi komanso chilengedwe chonse. Khalidwe la ngwazi yayikulu ya "ngwazi yakacheteke" ndi chodalirika, komanso ngakhale kusasamala, chidwi ndi kudzichepetsa, zodekha, chidani komanso kukoma mtima ndi kukoma mtima kosagwirizana.
Sholkhov adapanga ngwazi yokhala ndi chiwongola dzanja, kukhululuka ndi umunthu: Chida chimakhala chovuta chophedwa kumbuyo kwa wopitayo, osateteza Fratoon wa Cossan Astakhove, Mdani wake, mwamuna wake
Pofunafuna chowonadi cha melekhv, ofiira kwa azungu amang'ambika kuti ndi oyera, chifukwa, amakhala wofananamo, yemwe samatenga mbali imodzi. Mwamuna amawoneka ngwazi yeniyeni ya nthawi yake. Tsoka lake lili m'nkhaniyo, moyo wodekha unaphwanya zodabwitsa za anthu okhala pangozi. Kusaka kwa uzimu kwa chikhalidwe cha mkhalidwewu kutanthauza mawu a Roma:
"Adayimirira pachiwopsezo cha nkhondo ya awiri adayamba, nakana onse a iwo."Manyazi onse adachotsedwa mu nkhondo zapachiweniweni: Mkwiyo ku Bolsheviks ndipo zokhumudwitsa 'zoyera "zimapangitsa ngwazi yachitatu potembenuka, koma amamvetsetsa." Kamodzi pamoyo wokonda chidwi, wokonda Melekha samapeza chikhulupiriro mwa iye yekha, kukhalabe nthawi yomweyo mkhalidwe wa anthu ndi munthu wamkulu pamndandanda wa dzikolo.
Flakexation ya buku "lakachetechete"
Epic Sholokov's Epic adawonekera kanayi pa kanema. Malinga ndi mabuku awiri oyamba mu 1931, kanema wosalankhula adachotsedwa, komwe maudindo akuluakulu adachitidwa ndi Andrei Apricos (Grigory Melekha) ndi Ekma Cyesarian (Akma Cesarian (Akma). Pali mphekesera zomwe wolemba adapanga kupitiliza kwa "chete chete" kwa otchulidwa a ngwazi za nthawi iyi.
Chithunzi choboola ntchitoyi chidafotokozedwa kwa owonera Soviet mu 1958 wotsogolera Sergeimov. Hafu yabwino kwambiri ya dzikolo idakondana ndi ngwazi yochitidwa ndi Peter Glebova. Kukongola kokongola kopindika ndi Elina Bystritsky, yemwe adawonekera motsimikiza za udindo wa Actigy. Mkazi Mezakhova Natalia adasewera Zinida Kiriyenko. Ma filimu a kanema amakhala ndi mitengo isanu ndi iwiri, kuphatikizapo dipuloma ya oyang'anira US.
Kuyang'ana kwina kwa bukuli ndi kwa matenda a Sergey Bondleark. Pa filoni "Free Don" 2006, Russia, United Kingdom ndi Italy idagwira ntchito. Udindo waukulu udavomerezedwa ndi Rupert Everetta, ndi zifanizo zazikazi zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa ndi Dolphin Fored (Aksanha) ndi Alena Bondkung (Natalia).
Ndipo pamapeto pake, tsogolo lomaliza la Don Con Cossack lidatetezedwa ku Urgey URGEK. Nkhani yakuti "Stchet Don" adawonetsedwa pa Russia-1 kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira 2015. Wotsogolera yemwe akukhudzidwa mufilimu ya achinyamata ochita seweroli: Trio waluso anali Engeny Tachuc, Polina Cleckyshov ndi Darlia Ursuk.
Zosangalatsa
Kwa "Don Don Wocheteke", Mikhav Sholkhov amaimbidwa mlandu wonena za zonena. Ofufuzawo akulu kwambiri omwe anaonedwa kuti wabedwa kwa mkulu woyera yemwe wamwalira mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Wolembayo adayeneranso kuchezera ntchito yolemba bukuli pomwe ntchito yapadera idafufuzidwa ndi zomwe zalandilidwa. Komabe, nkhani ya ofalitsa sikunathebe.
Wochita sevice wa zisudzo a Apricote apricot pambuyo poti "chete don" adadzuka otchuka. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti izi zisanachitike, m'Kachisi wa Affepomeni, sanapite ku chochitikacho - sankangopereka maudindo. Ndi ntchitoyi, mwamunayo sanadandaule kuti akumane, werengani bukuli pomwe kuwombera kunali kutasokosera.