Chiphunzitso
"Woyimba wachilengedwe waku Russia" - wotchedwa wolemba mnzake Konstantin. Maxim Gorky amasangalala ndi matendawa kuti aletse luso lake kuti apereke "kulakwitsa kwazonse" kudzera m'mawu wamba. Mikhail Mikhailovich Svain yekha, amakonda kujambula, adadzitcha yekha "wojambula" ndipo ananena kuti amaganiza kuti "zojambula".Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wolemba anabadwira m'Chimalonda chogula-joblet - malo ogulitsa a Oryol. Apa, mu Khrushchev, Mikhail Mikhailovich - mwana wotsiriza chabe wa ana asanu Mariagausva ndi Mikhal Svavain adachitidwa. Kuchokera kwa Mayi Azerter adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya Mzimu ndikutsutsana, kuchokera kwa Atate, kutaya malo wamba, kukonda zachilengedwe.
Mutu wa banja ndi wokwera aluso amene anapambana pa kudumpha wa mphatso, ankakonda Orlovsky achule, kusaka kuchilemekeza ndi kusamalidwa munda wamkulu. Amadziwa kwambiri mitengo ndi mitundu. Abambo ake and adasiya mwana wake kukumbukira: dzanja lathanzi limajambula "blue bobrov" - chizindikiro cha loto losakwaniritsidwa. Pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa mkazi, Maria Ivanovna adadziika pamapazi a ana asanu. Kubwezeretsani chuma ndi ngongole sizinalepheretse mkazi kuti agawe ana amuna ndi akazi anayi.
Mu 1883, Mikhal Svavava wazaka 10 kuchokera kusukulu yoyambira adasamutsidwira ku malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma wamng'ono Misha, mosiyana ndi abale achikulire, sanali amasiyana khama - anafika zaka 4. Chifukwa cha kusachita bwino, adatsala kachitatu, koma mnyamatayo adakwanitsa kutsata mphunzitsiyo, pomwe adachotsedwa.
Chidwi maphunziro pa Svanovina anagalamuka ku Tyumen, kumene Misha ananditumiza Amalume - wamalonda Ivan Ignatov. Mu 1893, Mikhail Svien adamaliza sukulu ya Alexander yeniyeni. The amalume mwana, m'bale mayi, ankaganiza kusamutsa mphwake, koma kuti panali zolinga zina - wolemba tsogolo analowa University Polytechnic mu Riga. Pamenepo anakangana ndi chiphunzitso cha Marxist ndipo analowa mozungulira, chifukwa anali pachaka chatha.
Mu 1898, Mikhail Svavain adamasulidwa atamaliza mawu omaliza pachaka mu ndende ya Mitava. Anapita ku Leipzig, komwe anamaliza maphunziro awo kuchokera ku maphunziro awiri a chidole ku yunivesite, kulandira chapadera kwambiri. Svarvin adabwerera ku Russia komanso 1905 adagwira ntchito ngati katswiri, adalemba mabuku asayansi komanso zolemba zasayansi.
Malembo
Pamene ntchito pa mabuku, Mikhail Privhanin anazindikira kuti chimango sayansi ntchito kupsinjidwa. Pokhulupirira tingaphunzire mu 1907, pamene nkhani loyamba "Sashok" linasindikizidwa. Svavin masamba sayansi ndi walemba nyuzipepala nkhani. Utolankhani ndi chidwi ndi ethnography wotchedwa wolemba mu ulendo theka-pachaka pamodzi kumpoto. Mikhail Mikhailovich anafufuza Pomorie ndi Avigovsky Gawo, kumene amatengedwa ndi kukonzedwa 38 wowerengeka maphwando a nkhani m'gulu la kumpoto nthano Collection.
Kwa miyezi itatu, Mikhail Svain anapita ku gombe la nyanja White, ndi Kola Peninsula, Solovetsky Islands ndipo anabwerera Arkhangelsk. Kuchokera pamenepo chombo adenda pa ulendo mwa Ocean Arctic, anapita Norway ndipo m'mene analimbikitsa Scandinavia, anabwerera ku St. Petersburg. Mu likulu yakumpoto, yonena mabuku a Svarvina kusiyana mofulumira: pamaziko a zidindo, iye analemba essays amaphatikizidwa mu gulu lotchedwa "a m'mphepete mwa sanali Lengezani", umene Russian Geographical Society kupereka wolemba ndi siliva Mendulo.
Mu 1908, buku lachiwiri anaonekera mu 1908 - essays kuyenda za moyo ndi aliyense wa anthu a North "kwa Magic Kolobkom". Mikhail Privhanine anapeza kulemera mu bwalo la olemba, anzanga ndi Alexei Remizov, wotchedwa Dmitry Merezhkovsky ndi limakhulupirira Gorky. Mu wolemera chomwecho mu zochitika za 1908 pambuyo oyendayenda padziko woyendetsa komanso Kazakhstan, Mikhail Mikhailovich lofalitsidwa magulu essays "pafupi ndi mpanda wa wosaonekayo". Mu 1912, Gorky anatsindika buku la msonkhano woyamba wa ntchito za Mikhail Privina.
Kudula First World nkhondo amatengeka wolemba makalata nkhani kuyenda ndi nthano. Asilikali mtolankhani Privhanin kusindikizidwa essays za zochitika pa kutsogolo. Chisinthiko cha Bolshevik Mikhail Privhanin anachita nthawi yomweyo. Kutsatira maganizo a Serc, anasindikiza nkhani maganizo, theka mantha ndi Alexander Blok, amene analankhula kumbali ya boma latsopano, anapita. Koma pambuyo October, wolemba anatsanzika ndi chigonjetso cha boma la Soviet Union.
Mu 1920s, ndi Mikhail Privhanin anakumana m'dera Smolensk. Mokhudza yamderali ndi mlenje, amayenda Smolensk kuti Elets, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko m'dera Moscow, analemba ambiri nkhani ndi nthano ana ogwirizana m'chigawo "Calendar ya Nature". Kuzipenya ku chikhalidwe komanso nyama anapanga maziko a nkhani "Lisukhan Mkate" ndi "Yozh". Written by chinenero yosavuta nkhani za zotulutsira nyama lakonzedwa kudzutsa owerenga yaing'ono kukonda nyama ndi zomera. Mu "Lisukan Mkate", Mikhail Privhanin anauza ana chifukwa kabichi imatchedwa kalulu, ndi mkate - akufa. Mu "hedgehog" limanena za ubwenzi wa hedgehog ndi munthu.
"Berevian chubu", "Tengelelani" ndi "kawiri njira" adzakhala debunk zikhulupiliro za nyama. Mu nkhani "Anyamata ndi anapiye ake", Mikhail Mikhailovich za nkhani ya powunikira zakutchire za ana ake, amene ana kupha. Ndipo mu "Golden Luga" ndi "moyo pa lamba wa", Svarvin analankhula za chilengedwe kotero kuti owerenga yaing'ono kumvetsetsa - iye akadali moyo.
Mikhail Privhanin mu 1920-30s analemba ana ndi akulu. Mu zaka izi, iye anagwira ntchito pa nkhani autobiographical za "Cascoeva unyolo". Wolemba anayamba buku mu 1920s ndi ntchito pa kuti masiku otsiriza a moyo. Mu 1930s, wolembayo anagula galimoto, yomwe anapatsidwa dzina "Masha". Ndi galimoto, Svarvin anayenda dziko lonse. Kenako, galimoto m'malo mwa "Moskvich".
M'zaka zimenezi, Mikhail Mikhailovich anapita kudera Far East. Chifukwa cha ulendo linali Bukhu "Wokondedwa nyama" ndi nkhani "Ginseng". Nkhaniyo "ambiguing Spring" Svavin anapeka pansi pa zidindo za kuzungulira Kostroma ndi Yaroslavl. Cha m'ma 1930, pambuyo ulendo ku Russian North, Mikhail Privhanin analemba buku la nkhani Berendeva Bazheti ndipo anayamba kulemba nkhani ya "Sitima Cup".
Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, wolemba 70 wazaka anapita achoke ku dera Yaroslavl. Chikondi nyama ndi zomera ndinafika pankhaniyi: Privhanin kumbuyo nkhalango padziko kumudzi, kumene iye amakhala, ku chiwonongeko ndi kutukula ndi peat. M'chaka penultimate a nkhondo, Mikhail Svtain anabwera ku likulu la dziko anafalitsa nkhani "Forest m'malovu". Mu 1945, epic nthano "chipinda chodyeramo Sun" anaonekera.
Nkhani "Mama wanga" ndi chitsanzo yowala chikondi olimbikitsa dziko mbadwa. Kwalembedwa mwa mawu osavuta, popanda pathos zosafunika. Palibe chiwembu bwino, mtima kwambiri. Koma, kuwerenga nkhaniyi, kumva kununkhira kwa tiyi mkaka, mukumva mawu a mayi, phokoso la nkhalango ndi mbalame.
Nkhondo itatha, Mikhail Navitin anagula Dunino nyumba m'mudzi wa Tornino, limene ankakhala chilimwe chilichonse mpaka 1953. Amakopeka ndi photodel ku 1920s inasanduka nkhani ya moyo, zokhala ndi kufunika ndi kulemba ntchito za chikhalidwe ndi nyama. Mu nyumba m'mudzi, Svavina tinapeza malo kwa zasayansi chithunzi. Iwo anali ukupezeka Dinino, kumene m'nyumbayi anaonekera atamwalira prose wa.
Mikhail Svtainen anachotsa chilengedwe kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino zikutiphunzitsa zithunzi zolembedwa m'mabuku. "Kuthirira" anali okhulupirika ena a wolemba mpaka zaka zomalizira za moyo. Ntchito yaikulu ya biographers wolemba ndi otsutsa amatchedwa "Diaries". Zolembedwa oyamba pachibwenzi 1905th, otsiriza - 1954th chaka. Buku la "zolemba" kuposa 8-Tomny Collection Ntchito wolemba. Kuwerenga zolemba, ukhale kuchotsa malingaliro a Mikhail Mikhailovich pa moyo, anthu ndi udindo wa wolemba. Lofalitsidwa "Diaries" mu 1980s ndi. Poyamba, iwo sanali kusowa iwo kufufuza.
Ntchito ziwiri, mafilimu zinachotsedwa. Chithunzi cha "kanyumba wa Old Louven" anatuluka mu m'ma 1930, koma anasunga lero. Ndi ulendo sewero "Mphepo ya wasochera" - ndi kutetezedwa wa Fairy nkhani "Sitima Chat" ndi "chipinda chodyeramo Sun" - omvera anaona pa zenera mu 1978, pambuyo pa imfa ya Mikhail Svavina.
Moyo Wanu
Mkazi woyamba wa wolembayo anali osauka ku mudzi Smolensk wa Efrosinia Badikina. Pakuti Efrosigny, Pavlovna anali banja wachiwiri. Mu mgwirizano loyamba, mayiyu anabadwa mwana wa Yakov (anamwalira ali kutsogolo). Mu "zolemba", Svarvin akuitana mkazi woyamba wa Frosya, kupatula zambiri Pavlovna. Mu Union ndi mkazi uyu, wolemba anabadwa ana atatu.
Woyamba SERGEY anamwalira ali wakhanda. Mwana wachiwiri - Leo Svavina, ndi Belletrist, amene analemba Alpatov mkango pansi kulenga pseudonym mkango - sanakhale mu 1957. Mwana Chachitatu, Okhotyad Peter Svavin, anamwalira mu 1987. Iye, monga Mkango, panatenga mphatso ya wolemba kwa Atate. Mu 2009, ku chikumbutso 100th kubadwa kwa Peter Mikhailovich, iwo lofalitsidwa Maulendo lolembedwa ndi iye.
Mu 1940s, pa zaka 67, Mikhail Privhanine anasiya banja anakwatiwa Valeria Lorsko, amene anali henger zaka 26. Onse pamodzi adakhala ndi zaka 14. Mkazi wamasiye wa wolemba analemba za mwamuna mwamuna wotchuka, ndipo anapitiriza miyala mpaka 1979 - chaka cha imfa yake - anatsogolera Museum wolemba.
Imfa
Mu zaka 80, madokotala anandipeza ngati wolemba oncological matenda - khansa muzituluka. Svarvin anamwalira mu miyezi sikisi, m'ma January 1954, ku likulu. Panthawi ya imfa, ali ndi zaka 81.
Mikhail Mikhailovich m'manda pa manda anayambitsa. dzina lake phiri m'kati ndi nyanja ku Caucasus Reserve, Cape pa Kurilla ndi Asteroid, anatsegula mu 1982.
M'bali
- 1907 - "Mu m'mphepete mwa mbalame nonpougalian"
- 1908 - "Pakuti Magic Kolobkom"
- 1908 - "Pa makoma a wosaonekayo"
- 1933 - "Ginseng"
- 1935 - "Calendar ya Nature"
- 1936 - "Berendeva Chaphet"
- 1945 - "chipinda chodyeramo Sun"
- 1954 - "Sitima Chat"
- 1960 - "Cascoeva unyolo"