Chiphunzitso
Mark Chamall, pamodzi ndi Armage-Lites Wild Otto, Heinris emin ndi Hansel anali wojambula yemwe amati ndi anzeru ndipo adabweza. Kupanga zojambula, adatsogozedwa ndi chibadwa chokha: kachitidwe ndi magetsi ndi magetsi anali mlendo kwa iye.
Munthu, wolandidwa chithunzi cha malingaliro, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira chinsalu cha Mlengi, chifukwa sagwirizana ndi zojambula zachitsanzo zojambula ndi serov, komwe kuli mizere omangidwa mu gawo la mtheradi.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Monsha HatsKelevich (Pambuyo pake Mose Hatskevich ndi Mar shagali adabadwa pa Jhamalauluch) Shagali adabadwa pa Juiteusich) Shalamary mu Chi Beiteusian, muukadaulo wa ufumu wa ku Russia, wopatulidwa ndi Catheri II kwa Aschine II kwa Okhalamo Ayuda. Mutu wa Hatskel Morduk Banja la Chagall agwira ntchito ngati wogulitsira malo ogulitsira am'mudzimo. Anali munthu chete, wopembedza ndi wogwira ntchito. Mayi wa ojambula wa FEIGA - anali achangu, ochezeka komanso ogonana. Adatsogolera famuyo, adatsogolera amuna ndi ana ake.
Kuyambira zaka zisanu, movysh, monga mwana aliyense wachiyuda, wakunja wamutu wakubadwa (sukulu ya pulaimale), komwe adaphunzira mapemphero ndi chilamulo cha Mulungu. Ali ndi zaka 13, a Chamall adalowa Sukulu ya Vitebby City Bourgear. Zowona, sanasangalatse chilichonse kwa iye: Pa nthawiyo, Marko anali wamnyamata wosasunthika, womwe chifukwa chakusatsimikizika, sakanakhoza kupeza chilankhulo china.
Vitegncigina idachitika chifukwa cha munthu wamtsogolo komanso mnzake, komanso chikondi choyamba, ndi mphunzitsi woyamba. Mose wachichepere wokhala ndi chizolowezi upata utoto wosakhazikika wosowa, womwe iye anawonera tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera ku mazenera a nyumba yake. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti makolo sanadyetse zonunkhira zapadera zonena za luso laukadaulo wa mwana. Amayi analemba mobwerezabwereza zojambula za Mose m'malo mopukutira patebulo lodyeramo, ndipo abambo sanafune kumva za maphunziro a mbadwa za photobsky poto.
Zoyenera kwa banja la Chagalov Chalov chinali chowerengera mwana wamwamuna kapena choyipa kwambiri, kazembe wa mwana mnyumba yabizinesi yachuma. A Mose wachichepere ali miyezi ingapo yatsogolera ndalamazo kuchokera kwa abambo ake kupita kusukulu. Chaputala cha banja chikatopa ndi zopemphazo za Mwana, adaponya ndalama zofunika pazenera lotseguka. Ndondomeko yamtsogolo inkayenera kusonkhanitsa kufalitsa mafumbi m'maso kwa matauni oseka.
Kuwerenga kunaperekedwa kwa Shavech HARD: Anali wowonera wokondedwa komanso wophunzira wa Nicuddy. Pambuyo pake, mikhalidwe iwiri yotsutsana ndi mawonekedwe awa adawona anthu onse omwe adayesa kukopa luso maphunziro a Chagal. Ali kale ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu, adadziona ngati wanzeru wosanenedwa chifukwa chake sakanakhoza kupirira ndemanga za aphunzitsi. Malinga ndi Maliko, okha rembrandt ndi amene angamuphunzire. Tsoka ilo, ojambula alibe gawo ili m'tauni yaying'ono.
Ndidasunga ndalama, ndikungonena, ndikunena kalikonse kwa makolo, adapita ku St. Petersburg. Likulu la ufumuwo linamuperekera ndi lonjezo lolonjezedwa. Kunali kokha maphunziro okha a zojambulajambula, pomwe Mose akadatipanga. Chowonadi cha moyo wa moyo wake chidayambitsa kusintha kwa maloto a Pinki: Adalephera mayeso ake oyamba komanso omaliza. Zitseko za bungwe lotchuka silinatsegule pamaso pa fanizo. Mnyamatayo sanazolowere kudzipereka, adabwera ku Nikolai Konstantinovich Rorich, sukulu yojambula pagulu kuti alere luso. Kumeneko anaphunzira miyezi iwiri.
M'chilimwe cha 1909, wokhumidwa kuti apeze njira zaluso, Chamall adabweranso ku ViFobk. Mnyamatayo adakumana ndi nkhawa. Zithunzi za nthawi imeneyi zimawonetsa momwe zilili zokhumudwa kwambiri kwa luso losadziwika. Nthawi zambiri ankawonedwa pa mlatho kudzera mu vitaba. Sizikudziwika kuti zomwe zimakusangalatsani zimatha kubweretsa, ngati chagall sanakwaniritse chikondi cha moyo wake - bert (Bella) Rowadfeld. Kukumana ndi BElla adadzaza chiwiya chake chowonongeka cha kudzoza. Malinso amafuna kukhala ndi moyo ndi kupanga.
M'dzinja la 1909, anabwerera ku Petersburg. Pofuna kupeza mlangizi wofanana ndi tsiku la tsiku, lingaliro latsopano lokonza linawonjezeredwa: Mnyamatayo ali ndi vuto logogoda nayo yakumpoto. Makalata a zilembo zinathandiza Shagola kuti alowe sukulu yotchuka yojambulidwa ndi nkhani yotchuka. Kupanga luso la maphunziro ophunzitsira kudatsogozedwa ndi mkango wopweteka.
Malinga ndi umboni wa nthawi yanthawi ya anthu, Mose, Bakst adatenga popanda madandaulo. Komanso, kudziwika bwino kuti mkangowo adapereka maphunziro a chiyembekezo cha agogo. Bakst adati mwachindunji ku SOVECH IDY ku Russia Talente yake siyokwanira. Mu Meyi 1911, anayenda mophunzila kumene adalandira kuchokera kwa Maxim, akatswiriwo adapita ku Paris, komwe adapitiliza maphunziro ake. M'kulu wa France, adayamba kulembetsa ntchito yake ndi Marko.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Shagall adayamba kujambulidwa kwake ku luso "wakufa" wopaka ". Mu 1909, ntchito ya "chithunzi cha mkwatibwi wanga m'magolo" ndi "banja" lakuda lidalembedwa mothandizidwa ndi mtundu wosagwirizana. Mu Ogasiti 1910, Marko adapita ku Paris. Pakati ntchito za nthawi ya Paris panali "Ine ndi mudzi wanga", "Russia, Oslas ndi ena", "kujambula ndi zala zisanu ndi ziwiri" ndi "Kalvare" isanu ndi iwiri. Nthawi yomweyo, adalembedwa ndi "snoososh fodya", "akupemphera Myuda", zomwe zidabweretsa zowerengeka kuti zikhale atsogoleri aluso kuti akonzekeretse chikhalidwe chachiyuda.
Mu June 1914, chionetsero chake choyamba chimatsegulidwa ku Berlin, chomwe chinaphatikizidwa pafupifupi zojambula zonse ndi zojambula zomwe zidapangidwa ku Paris. M'chilimwe cha chaka cha 1914, a Mark adabweranso ku VIFbk, komwe adagwira nkhondo ya nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Mu 1912-1915, zojambula zojambula kuchokera kuntchito zokwana 70 zolembedwa pamaziko a zomwe zidapangidwa (zojambula, mawonekedwe, mtundu wa mtundu).
Nthawi Zosintha Zosasinthika, Zojambula Za Mtundu Wapamwamba Kwambiri Zinapangidwa ("Manyuzipepala Ogulitsa", "Myuda Wobiriwira", "Myuda" Wodzikonda "Okonda", " Osewera obiriwira "," okonda pinki ") ndi mtundu, zojambula, nyimbo zamitengo (" galasi "," pamwamba pa mzinda woyera ").
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1922, a Chamall adapita ku Berlin kuti aphunzire za tsogolo la ntchito isanachitike nkhondo isanachitike. Ku Berlin, wojambulawu adaphunzitsidwa zatsopano kuti asindikize zida - eching, singano yowuma, xylography. Mu 1922, anasandutsa anthu ambiri opangidwa kuti akakhale zithunzi zautobigram wake "moyo wanga" (chikwatu ndi "moyo wanga" udasindikizidwa mu 1923). Bukuli linatanthauzira ku French linaona kuwala ku Paris mu 1931. Pofuna kupanga mafanizo a Roma Nikola VasasalyEvich Gugol "MOYO" mu 1923, masamba zakharovich adasamukira ku Paris.
Mu 1927, goutis "ma Cresus" Concous Shotus "adanyamuka kupita naye pa luso lonse la Shagalovsky ndi misala yamisala ya zonunkhira, harlequins ndi ma avalob ndi mapha. Mwa dongosolo laubusa la Proveganda la Fasmanda Paul Josef Goeb Goeble mu 1933, ntchito za mbuye zinawotchedwa poyera ku Manneim. Kuzunzidwa kwa Ayuda ku Glemany ku Germany, malo osungirako msambo akuyandikira kuwuyika ntchito za srigalpripto kamvedwe kake kake. Munthawi yankhondo ndi Nkhondo, mitu yotsogolera ya zaluso Zake inali kupachikidwa ("Wofiirira Woyera", "Kodi Nkhani Yopachikidwa", "Kodi Mpando Wopachikidwa", "Wachipembedzo", "Wachikasu Yesu").
Moyo Wanu
Mkazi woyamba wa luso loti wapamwamba ndi mwana wamkazi wa Jeweler Bella Rosan. Pambuyo pake analemba kuti: "Kwa zaka zambiri, chikondi chake chinaphimba zonse zomwe ndidachita. Patatha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi msonkhano woyamba, pa Julayi 25, 1915, adakwatirana. Ndi mkazi yemwe adamupatsa mwana wamkazi kwa Adu, Marko adakhala moyo wautali komanso wachimwemwe. Zowona, tsoka lakhala likukula mwanjira yomwe wojambulayo adapulumuka muse yosungiramo zinthu zakale: Bella anamwalira ku sepsi ku chipatala cha US pa Seputembara 2, 1944. Kenako, kubwerera m'malirowo m'nyumba yopanda kanthu, anavala bwino, chithunzi cha Bella, cholembedwa ndi iye ku Russia, ndipo anafunsa IMU kuti achotse mabulosi onse ndi utoto wonse.
"Luso Luso" Litatenga Miyezi 9. Kungothokoza chifukwa cha kusamalira mwana wawo wamkazi, adabwereranso kumoyo. M'chilimwe cha 1945, Ida adalemba ntchito namwino kuti asamalire Atate wake. Chifukwa chake m'moyo wa Shagal, Virginia Hagard adawonekera. Pakati pawo, bukulo linabuka, yemwe adapereka ulemu wa Mwana wa David. Mu 1951, mayi wachichepereyo adachoka ku Brand kupita ku W Belgian Wojambula Wart a Leirens. Anatenga mwana wake wamwamuna ndipo anakana ntchito za ojambula 18 nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kudzisiya Yekha.
Mose anafunanso kudzipha, ndipo pofuna kusokoneza Atate kuchokera ku Duma, Ida Ida adabwera naye ndi mwiniwake wa Salon wa Valentina Brodskaya. Ukwati ndi iye atasokonezeka pambuyo pa miyezi 4 atatha chibwenzi. Mwana wamkazi wa Mlengi adadzimvera chisoni chidule ichi. Steph sanalole kupita ku Chalala ndi Adzukulu, "adauzidwa" kuti ajambule zokongoletsera, chifukwa "adagulitsidwa bwino," ndipo mosaganizira adatha. Ndi mkazi uyu, wopwetekayo amakhala phewa asanamwalire, akupitiliza, komabe, amalembanso Bella.
Imfa
Wojambula wotchuka waluso adamwalira pa Marichi 28, 1985 (wazaka 98). A Mark Zakarovich anaikidwa m'manda am'deralo a Woyera wa Paul-Dence.
Masiku ano, ntchito ya Marko Spigal imatha kuwoneka m'magulu a France, USA, Germany, Russia, Belarus, Switzerland ndi Israeli. Amalemekeza kukumbukira za wojambula wamkulu komanso kudziko lakwawo: nyumba ku VIFobk, pomwe graphite adakhalako kwa nthawi yayitali, natembenukira m'nyumba yosungiramo nyumba. Okonda Kupenda Kukondana ndipo mpaka pano kumatha kukumana ndi malo omwe adapanga ma avant armpieces-dipo.
Nchito
- "Loto" (1976);
- "Supuni mkaka" (1912);
- "Okonda Obiriwira" (1917);
- "Ukwati waku Russia" (1909);
- "Purim" (1917);
- "Woyimba" (1920);
- "Pa Vavava" (1955);
- "Ngalala pachitsime" (1981);
- "Myuda wobiriwira" (1914);
- "Wogulitsa ziweto" (1912);
- "Mtengo wa Moyo" (1948);
- "Clown ndi Violinist" (1976);
- "Milatho yoposa Seine" (1954);
- "Banja kapena Banja loyera" (1909);
- "Ojambula ku Street Best usiku" (1957);
- "Kuyambira kale" (1944);