Chiphunzitso
Vera Maretskaya - Adress, amene anagonjetsa mitima ya ogwira ntchito pamulumu ndi zisudzo. Makanema okhala ndi Marerka chikhulupiriro chikhulupiriro chimakhalabe cholembera mafani ndi chizindikiro cha chikondi chaluso, champhamvu kwambiri m'moyo, chomwe chimadziwika ndi mkazi waluso uyu.
Vera Petrovna adabadwa m'mudzi wa Barvika, omwe ali ku Moscow dera, Julayi 31, 1906. Abambo a Adreress Asseress, Peter Grigorievich, adagwira ntchito ku Nikitin Court.
Chikhulupiriro chaching'ono limodzi ndi abale ndi alongo awiri nthawi zambiri chimafika kwa ma Cighus kuti akathandize abambo ake. Mtsikanayo amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyenda kumayambiriro kwa ma Crast: Thandizo limangofunidwa pokhapokha polowererapo, nthawi yonseyo chikhulupiriro chinali kumbuyo kwake, ndikuonera zomwe zikuchitika. Mwinalo loto la chochitikacho ndi kanema wa kanema wakhazikika mu mzimu wa Marezka kale panthawiyo. Komabe, maloto ngati amenewa anali kutsutsana ndi malingaliro a makolo a chikhulupiriro cha chikhulupiriro Maretky Maganizo a Mulungu: Iwo amene amafuna kupatsa chikhulupiriro ndi abale ndi alongo amaphunziro kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, kulolera kutengera kukakamizidwa kwa abambo ndi amayi, Vera Petrovna adapita kukatenga mayeso ku Moscow Yunivesite ya Sukulu ya Philosophone. Koma lotoli la ntchitoyo silinasiye mtima wake, ndipo msungwanayo adalemba mwachinsinsi kuti avomereze nthawi imodzi kulowa studio. Kunena zodabwitsika, Maretskaya adatsutsana mokwanira mayeso omwe adayamba kale mwa awiriwa ndipo adayima pa sukulu ya Studio ya wahtang zisudzo. Malingaliro a lusolo sanawonepo Petrovna chikhulupiriro m'makoma ake.
Mafilimu
Monga momwe zimachitikira nthawi zambiri, njira ya wachichepere pachiwonetserocho idayamba ndi zikwangwani. Mu 1924, Yuri Zavadsky, ochita sewero a Washtangov, adayambitsa studio yake ya zisudzo. Vera Maretskaya, mchaka chomwecho anamaliza maphunziro a zisudzo, anatengera pempho la Zavadsky kukhala wochita ntchito yake. Bizinesi yochita chikhulupiriro ku Maretskaya idayamba ndi maudindo ovuta. Chiwopsezo chaching'ono chinali mosavuta kuwonetsa matray akale ndi amphamvu a Matridge, mwanzeru moyo.
Asewerawo adayamba kudziwa, Athan Athatrians adayamba kubwera ku zisudzo "kupita ku Maretsky", ndipo mafani adayesa kujambula chithunzi cha zisoti zawo. Komabe, chinali chiyambi chabe. Kwa nthawi yoyamba Vera Petrovna nyenyezi mu cinema mu zaka 19, mu 1925. Anatenga nawo gawo lochepera mufilimuyo "kuitana kwake", Drama YOV Protazanova. M'chaka chomwecho, prozanov adapempha maretsky kupita ku gawo lomwe lili pachithunzipa "wotsekemera ku Torzhka". Msungwana wa Katsya, adasewera ndi chikhulupiriro Petrovna, adagonja omvera ndi kutanthauzira kwake. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, zoitaniratu za woyang'anira ndizamuyaya.
Pulogalamu ya chikhulupiriro Maretskaya idabwezeredwa: Kwa zaka zitatu, mtsikanayo adagwira ntchito yopanga kanema "," mtepa ", komanso m'nyumba ya" Nyumba paipi " director Boris Barneta. Gawo lotsatira lotsatira lidapita ku chikhulupiriro cha Moretququi mu 1935.
Pa utoto "chikondi ndi chidani", zomwe zidafotokoza zochitika za 1919, Vera Petrovna adachita khali lolimba komanso lowala, omwe adalamulira azimayi kuti alowe nkhondo yolimbana ndi alonda oyera. Mu kanema uyu, mutu wa mapangidwe a gulu la akazi a zofuna ndi chikhalidwe, chomwe Maretska adakwanitsa kuwulula mwatsatanetsatane. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, cholinga ichi chidzagawidwa bwino m'makanema ake.
Ngakhale kuti zenizeni za nthawi yomwe mawu enieni amakakamiza owongolera omwe aphatikizidwa ndi mabodza akomweko adatha "kutsitsimutsa" zowona za akazi awo mwachizolowezi Era, ndi chisangalalo chawo komanso zisoni zawo. Amakonda kwambiri owonera filimuyo "m'badwo wopambana" ndi "waboma". Zofanana ndi kuwombera kwa Maretskaya anapitilizabe kugwira ntchito pamalopo. Talente yake inali yokwanira pachilichonse.
Mu 1942, wochita seweroli adalandira mphotho yakale kwambiri pagawo lalikulu pakusewera "Nadezhda Durov". Pulogalamu yachiwiri ya Sbelinist idaperekedwa ku chikhulupiriro cha Petrovna pa gawo la Prangkovy Ice Lukyanova mu kanema "amateteza dziko lakwawo." Kuphatikiza pa maudindo akuluakulu, maretsky ndi Episode, komabe, adakumbukiridwa ndi omvera masewera owoneka bwino a Petrovna - yomwe ndi mawonekedwe a chithunzithunzi cha chithunzi cha Comet ".
Drama Mar Don Donskoy amatchedwa "aphunzitsi akumidzi" adayamba kupanga wopanga bwino maretsky. Kanema wa pastwar uyu, akunena za tsogolo la mphunzitsi wodzichepetsa, sanachoke mafani achipongwe kapena otsutsa.
Wochitapoyekha adzakumbukira:
"Nkhani yachilendo komanso ndakatulo ya Maria Smirnova idaperekanso zabwino chifukwa chakupanga zoyera, zokhala zodekha, kusiya kwamphamvu kwa moyo wa moyo wabwino, wamkulu bizinesi. "Udindo wa vera Petrovna walembedwanso ndi mphotho yolima. Pakati pa ntchito za pambuyo pake, wochita seweroli ndikofunikira kudziwa maudindo akuluakulu mu makanema "amayi", kuyimba usiku "ndi" moyo wosavuta ". Awa anali maudindo omaliza a Maretsk. M'tsogolomu, Vera Petrovna adatumikira mu bwalo la zisudzo la Mssovet, ndikusiya mawonekedwewo ngakhale kudwala.
Moyo Wanu
Zinachitika kuti moyo wa chikhulupiriro mwa Maretsky unalumikizidwa ndi ntchito yake. Mwamuna woyamba wa Chikhulupiriro Maretskaya Yuri Zavadsky adakhala mkulu woyamba wa ochita serres, aphunzitsi ake okhazikika. Ukwatiwu unapangitsa kuti chikhulupiriro cha Moretne Mwana wa Moregene.
Mnyamatayo ali ndi zaka zinayi, banja la kulenga lidasokonekera, koma Petra Petrovna ikupitiliza kulumikizana ndi chikondi chake choyamba, kuwona mu Vasadi Womenyani ndi Thandizo. Chikhulupiriro chachiwiri chokondedwa cha petrovna chinakhala ochita serger a Groorgy Troitsy.
Mu dongosolo laukadaulo, bambo sanawalitse, koma ana a chikhulupiriro ku Maretsk (muukwati uyu, wochita seweroli adabereka mwana wamkazi Maria) nthawi zonse. Tsoka ilo, Nkhondo idapereka Moyo wa Utatu. Mu 1943 adamwalira. Pambuyo pake, Vera Petrovna sanakwatiranso.
Imfa
Atamwalira mwamuna wake, wochita seriyawo anadzipereka kwathunthu kugwira ntchito. Pakapita kanthawi, mayiyo adayamba kudwala, koma osafulumira kulumikizana ndi madotolo. Anzathu, Maretsk, adamukakamiza kuti adutse kafukufuku. Kuzindikira kunali koopsa: Khansa ya ubongo. CHIKHULUPIRIRO Petrovna adadzipatulira magawo, asanapitirize kutero. Ochita izi sanayime pa Ogasiti 17, 1978.
Choyambitsa Imfa ya Chikhulupiriro M'madotolo Adotolo adzatchedwa khansa, yemwe mkazi adamenya zaka zingapo. Manda a Chikhulupiriro Maretskaya, omwe ali patsamba la Novodevichy ku Moscow, akadali malo pomwe ma talente a azimayi amabweretsa maluwa. Mwana wamkazi wa chikhulupiriro Maretskaya A Trovitskaya amapita kumapazi a mayi, akuwona ntchitoyo, monga vera a petrockna, amasangalatsa owonera mu kanema komanso pa siteji.
Kafukufuku
- 1925 - "Wodula ku Torzhka"
- 1927 - "Kuyitana Kwake"
- 1928 - "Nyumba paipi"
- 1929 - "Pamoyo Wamoyo"
- 1935 - "Chikondi ndi Chidani"
- 1936 - Zori Paris
- 1939 - membala waboma "
- 1941 - "Birimon Bizinesi"
- 1943 - "Amateteza Amayi"
- 1944 - "Ukwati"
- 1947 - "mphunzitsi wakumidzi"
- 1955 - "Amayi"
- 1956 - Polyshko-munda
- 1964 - "Moyo Wopepuka"
- 1969 - "Kuyitana usiku"