Chiphunzitso
Mwina, pali anthu ochepa omwe sanawonepo filimu ya Soviet "Adveres ya Sherlock Holmes ndi Dr. Watson" ndi Morly Livanov ndi Vitaly Somin mu maudindo akulu. Wofufuza wodziwika bwino adaseweranso bediritictch, kutsika ndi zilembo za wolemba zodziwika bwino za wolemba Chingerezi komanso wofalitsa nkhani - bwana warhur Conan Dony.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ar Sirhur Ivash Conan Doyle adabadwa pa Meyi 22, 1859 mu likulu la Scotland - Edinburgh. Mzinda wokongola uwu ndi wolemera mu mbiri yakale komanso zokopa zachikhalidwe komanso zokopa. Chifukwa chake, Itha kuganiziridwa kuti kwaubwana ndi amene adalemba mizati ya Prembyteriation - Canral of St. Egidia, komanso Fauna wozizira, lilac Heather ndi Arborem (zopereka zamtundu).
Wolemba nkhani zapaulendo za Sherlock Hols Ros ndipo adabwera m'banja la Akatolika, makolo ake adapereka chothandizira pa luso la zaluso ndi mabuku. Agogo a John Dosle Dokoly anali wojambula waku Ireland, amagwira ntchito zamtundu wamba komanso nkhani zandale. Zinachokera ku mzera wa silika woyenda bwino ndi velvet.
Wolemba bambo - Charles Olttomt Doyle - adapita kumapazi a kholo ndikusiya njira yamadzi ammadzi pa ziyeso za Evictoria. Charles adawonetsa ziweto za Gothic ndi otchulidwa okongola, nyama ndi nkhope zamatsenga. Kuphatikiza apo, doyle-ikuluikulu yogwira ntchito yokongoletsedwa ndi zolemba pamanja za Lewis Carroll ndi Daniel defto yopangidwa ndi zigamba za Charles.
Pa Julayi 31, 1855, Charles adapanga lingaliro la dzanja ndi mitima ya Mitima ya Mary Josephine Elizani Elizabeti Elizabeti, yemwe pambuyo pake adapereka ana okonda ana asanu ndi awiri. Mwa njira, Akazi a Fiwley anali mayi wopangidwa, kuwaza kumawerengera mabukuwo ndipo anauza anawo nkhani zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi zoopsa zopanda mantha. Zithunzi zosonyeza kuti zikuwonetsa nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi zonse kusiya chizindikirocho mu mzimu wawung'ono wa Arthur:
"Kukonda kwenikweni mabuku, chizolowezi chondilembera chimachokera kwa ine, ndimaganiza mochokera kwa mayi," wolemba adakumbukiranso autobiography.Zowona, mmalo mogwirizana ndi mabuku a knight a Walter Scott Dolett ary, a Thomas Main RED TARD, omwe adakondwera ndi zolemba zamakono zowerenga. Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa, koma arles sanathetse malekezero ndi malekezero. Chowonadi ndi chakuti munthu adalakalaka atakhala wojambula wotchuka, kotero kuti mtsogolo dzina lake adakuliranso ku Michelangelo, Rebrart ndi Leonardo da Vinci. Komabe, pa moyo, Dole sanalandire kuvomerezedwa ndi kutchuka. Zojambula zake sizinasangalale kwambiri, zowoneka bwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakutidwa ndi fumbi loondala la fumbi lotayika, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimatengedwa m'mafanizo zazing'ono zinali zosafunikira kudyetsa banja.
Charles anapeza chipulumutso mu mowa: zakumwa zotentha zimathandizira chaputala cha banja kuti lichoke ku zenizeni za kukhala. Zowona, zakumwa zokhakulitsa zomwe zachitika mnyumbamo: Chaka chilichonse chosakwaniritsidwa, Donleya-abambo adamwa kwambiri komanso koposa ndipo adapeza malingaliro onyoza atsogoleri aja. Pamapeto pake, koma ojambula pokhapokha ngati ojambula adachitidwa masiku ovuta kwambiri, ndipo pa Okutobala 10, 1893, Charles anamwalira.
Wolemba wamtsogolo adaphunzira kusukulu ya pulaimale ya Mulungu. Artur anali ndi zaka 9, chifukwa cha ndalama za abale odziwika, asyle anapitiliza maphunziro ake, nthawi ino, m'chigawo cha lancashire. Ndizosatheka kunena kuti Arthur adakondwera ndi benchi kusukulu. Ananyoza kusamvana kalasi ndi tsankho, komanso kudana ndi zilango zakuthupi: Mphunzitsi wa lamba wolemba ndi poizoni omwe akupezeka kwa wolemba wachinyamata.
Mnyamatayo sanali wosavuta kukhala masamu masamu, sanakonde mapangidwe a algebraic ndi zitsanzo zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aruth. Kuti tisakonde mutu, Aristotle ndi Cuscornes, Doyle adalandira masyle tumiks kuchokera kwa ophunzira anzanga - abale. Chisangalalo chokha cha Arthur chinali masewera: Mnyamatayo adasewera cricket mosangalatsa.
Donya nthawi zambiri amalemba mayi wa amayi, komwe mwatsatanetsatane adafotokoza zomwe zikuchitika tsiku lililonse kusukulu. Komanso, mnyamatayo anachititsa kuti wothetsa nkhaniyi: Kumvetsera nkhani zopeka za Arhur, zinali zochokera kwa anzanga momuzungulira, omwe "adalipira" wokamba nkhani pa geometry ndi algebra.
Malembo
Doyle anasankha zolemba zolemba zopanda ngozi: kukhala mwana wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, Arthur adalemba nkhani yobowola yotchedwa "Woyenda ndi Tiger". Zowona, ntchitoyi idakhala yochepa ndipo sizinatenge ngakhale tsamba lonse, chifukwa akambuku adazindikira kuti wosasangalala. Mnyamata wamng'onoyo anachitapo kanthu pa mfundo ya "kufupika - mlongo talente", arthur adalongosola kale kuti anali kale, ndipo sanawone kutuluka kwa vutolo.
Zowonadi, mbuye wa cholembera sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochimwa kulandiridwa ndi "Mulungu wa" - pomwe munthu wamkuluyo, amasunga nthawi yopanda kunja, amasunga chinthu chochita pantchito. M'malo mwa wolemba wolemba, m'malo mwa gawo la wolemba, poyamba adasankha ntchito yabwino ya dokotala, chifukwa pali zitsanzo zambiri zotere, ngakhale mkazi wanga wovomerezeka, komanso mabuku ndi wokonda . "
Mnyamatayo anakonda wosamba woyera wa Peru ndi ku inkill chifukwa cha chizolowezi cha brian Ch. Waterler, yemwe adayimba foni chipinda chochokera ku Ars. Fooley. Chifukwa chake, atamva nkhani zamankhwala, mnyamata wina wopanda Pondayvius amapereka zikalata ku Yunivesite ya Edinburgh. Kukhala Wophunzira, Doley adakumana ndi olemba ena amtsogolo - James Barry ndi Robert Lewis Stevenson.
Mwaulere kuchokera ku zida zopangira zida, Arthur adachita bizinesi yomwe amakonda - Corpel kuposa mabuku a Brita Garta ndi Edgar Allan, yemwe "kachilomboka" yemwe "kachilomboka" yemwe amasiyidwa modabwitsa. Zouziridwa ndi nkhani zachinsinsi, wolemba amayesa makamu ake pamalemba omwe ali pagawo lakale ndikupanga nkhaniyo "chinsinsi cha chigwa cha Asalkaya" ndi "mbiri ya America".
Mu 1881, Doyle alandila digiri ya Bachelor ndikupita kuchipatala. Wolemba "baskerville" adatenga zaka khumi kuti asiye ntchito ya ophthalmologist ndikuyamba kugwera padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 1884, mothandizidwa ndi a Charles Dickens, Arthur Conse amayamba kugwira ntchito pakhungu la "Gerrostni Fafuli imamangidwa pamadola anzeru azomwe zimachitika padziko lonse lapansi: zimayenda mozungulira zala za anthu omwe amasintha kuti akhale m'manja mwa omwe sanali omasuka.
Mu Marichi 1886, mbuye wa Sir Conan amachita pa "Etude ku Banhrov Matani", ntchito yomwe idamalizidwa mu Epulo. Ili pantchito iyi kwa nthawi yoyamba pamaso pa owerenga malo odziwika ku London Shels akuwoneka. Prototype wa wofufuza waluso anali munthu weniweni - JoseN Bell, dokotala wa opaleshoni, yemwe amathandizidwa ndi mfundo zomveka bwino komanso zabodza.
Yosefe anali munthu wina yemwe anali wophunzira wake yemwe anasonyeza mwachangu mayendedwe a Mbuye aliyense amene analenga njira yake yothetsa. Zimakhala kunja, ndudu, phulusa, wotchi, ndodo, nzimbe ndi uve pamutu, zitha kunena za munthu kwambiri kuposa mbiri yake.
Sherlock Holmes ndi mtundu wa kudziwa - momwe ma experases, popeza wolemba nkhani zofufuza adafunidwa kuti apangitse munthu wamba, osatinso ngwazi yachinsinsi kapena yoipa. Sherlock, monga anthu ena achivundi, ali ndi zizolowezi zoyipa: Holmes Neakkurata pakusenda zinthu ndi ndudu (chubucho ndi kusakhalako kosangalatsa kwa cocaine kudzera mtsempha.
Nkhani ya "chochititsa manyazi ku Bohemia" inali chiyambi cha kuzungulira kwa "mayendedwe a Sherlock Holmes", komwe kunaphatikizapo nkhani zowerengera 12 zokhudzana ndi bwenzi lake - Dr. Watson. Komanso Doan Doley adapanga mabuku anayi omenyedwa ndi manja athunthu, pomwe, kuwonjezera pa "etode mu kapesoni mu spedowadan amalumikizana", galu ", chigwa cha anayi" komanso "chigwa cha anayi". Chifukwa cha ntchito zotchuka, Doyle adakhala wolemba wolipira kwambiri ku England ndi padziko lonse lapansi.
Linanenepa kuti nthawi ina sherlock adatopa ndi Mlengi, kotero Arthur adaganiza zopha filimuyi. Koma pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa wofufuza milanduyo, Doyle anayamba kuwopseza ndikuchenjeza kuti tsoka lake lingakhale lomvetsa chisoni ngati wolemba sanaukitse ngwazi. Arthur sanayerekeze kusamvera chifuniro cha Protor, motero anapitilizabe kugwirira ntchito nkhani zambiri.
Moyo Wanu
Kunja, Arthur Conan Dolean Doyle, ngati Thehudore Rooosevelt, adapanga chithunzi cha munthu wamphamvu ndi wamphamvu, wofanana ndi ngwazi. Wolemba mabuku kuti akhale ndi masewera okalamba ndipo ngakhale atakalamba amatha kupatsa mwana wamwamuna. Malinga ndi mphekesera, ndi Asyle omwe adaphunzitsa Swiss Swiss kuti akwere skiing, adakonza zolimba za auto ndipo adakhala munthu woyamba yemwe adapanga zokongoletsera.
Sir Arthur Conan Doan moyo wamunthu ndi nkhokwe yazidziwitso zomwe mungapange buku lonse ngati buku losentiviri. Mwachitsanzo, adapita kukayenda pa sitima yapanjombe, komwe anali pamalo a dokotala wa chombo. Wolembayo amasangalala kwambiri ndi ma extates akuya akunyanja, komanso zisindikizo. Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro a mabuku omwe amaperekedwa pa cargos wowuma pagombe la West Africa, komwe adakumana ndi moyo ndi miyambo ya dziko lina.
Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, Doyle adasiya zochitika zolembedwa ndipo adayesa kupita kwa odzipereka odzipereka kuti asonyeze anthu omwe ali olimba mtima komanso kulimba mtima. Koma wolemba anayenera kuziziritsa fumbi, popeza lingaliro lake linakanidwa. Pambuyo pa zochitika izi, Arthur anayamba kufalitsa nkhani zolaula: m'bukuli nthawi zonse tsiku lililonse limapezeka pamipukutu ya wolemba mutu wa gulu lankhondo.
Adapanga bungwe mwa odzipereka ndikuyesera kukhala mtsogoleri wa "chiwongola dzanja". Mbuye wa cholembera sakanakhala wopanda ntchito nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa amaganiza mphindi iliyonse yokhudza kuzunzidwa koopsa, komwe gulu lake limagawidwa.
Ponena za ubale, mfumu yoyamba ya Matra Louise Hawkins, omwe adamupatsa ana awiri, adamwalira kuchokera ku ChakhATKA mu 1906. Patatha chaka chimodzi, Arhur imapereka mwayi wa gene Lekkka - mayi yemwe anali mchikondi mobisa kuyambira 1897. Kuchokera muukwati wachiwiri m'banja wa wolemba, ana enanso atatu anabadwa: Jin, Denis ndi Adrian (yemwe adakhala wolemba mbiriyo).
Ngakhale kuti Asle adadziona kuti ndi wozindikira, adaphunzira mabuku amisala komanso amachititsa magawo auzimu. Wolembayo ankakhulupirira kuti mizimu ya akufa imapereka mayankho a mafunso ake omwe anali ndi chidwi, makamaka, Arthuyer anali ndi nkhawa kuti azilingalira motere anali atafa.
Imfa
M'zaka zotsiriza za moyo wa Dolels, palibe chomwe chinawonekera pamavuto, lotayika "la" dziko lotayika "lidadzala ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu, mu 1920 wolemba adayendera pafupifupi mayanjano onse adziko lapansi. Koma paulendo wopita ku Scandinavia, thanzi la mabuku omwe anali ovutika, chifukwa chake mu kasupe nthawi yonseyo adakhala pogona ozunguliridwa ndi abale ndi okondedwa.
Dokotala akangomva bwino, adapita ku likulu la ku Britain, kuti akwaniritse kuyesa kwake komaliza m'moyo kukalankhula ndi mtumiki wa zochitika za mkati ndikufunira kuthekera kwa malamulo aboma.
Sir Arthur Conan Doley adamwalira kunyumba muubwana kuchokera kuukira kwa mtima m'mawa kwambiri pa Julayi 7, 1930. Poyamba, manda a Mlengi anali pafupi ndi nyumba yake, koma pambuyo pake zotsalira za wolemba zidatsitsidwa kunkhalango yatsopano.
M'bali
Kuzungulira kwa Sherlock Holmes
- 1887 - Etude mu Spoedin Mani
- 1890 - Chizindikiro Chachinayi
- 18992 - Sherlock Holmes Actment
- 1893 - zolemba za Sherlock Holmes
- 1902 - Agalu a Baskerville
- 1904 - Kubwerera kwa Sherlock Holmes
- 1915 - Chigwa chowopsa
- 1917 - Wanyani Wake Wawonda
- 1927 - Sherlock Holmes Archive
Kuzungulira kwa Pulofesa
- 1902 - Dziko Lotayika
- 1913 - lamba wapoizoni
- 1926 - dziko la chifunga
- 1928 - pamene dziko lafuulira
- 1929 - makina osokoneza
Ntchito Zina
- 1884 - Jeffson Abisayi
- 1887 - Dollashhikki Jeremy kunyumba
- 1889 - Chinsinsi cha Ferrend
- 1890 - Herdleston Ogulitsa Nyumba
- 1890 - Kaputeni "Polar Nyenyezi"
- 1921 - Phenomena