Chiphunzitso
Wolemba waku Russia, ndakatulo, womasulira Vasaly Andreevich zhukovsky adabadwa pa February 9, 1783. Kutchuka kuthokoza chifukwa cha matembenuzidwe ndi nthano zachabe "ogona Tsarevna", "nthano ya TSAR Berendee."
Za kubadwa kwa zhukovsky ndi kuyika zingwe. Amadziwika kuti makolo a wolemba luso anali wachiwiri wachiwiri komanso malo okhala, Tulaga wa ku Tulsask Ivanovich Bunnin ndi dzina lake Elizabeth Demnievna Branniev. M'mbiri yofotokoza za mbiriyakale zanenedwa kuti bambo wina adakwatirana ndi Maria Grigorievna Bunnina. Koma mgwirizano sunabweretse wolowa m'malo wadzikoli. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha mdzakazi wa Tolhaninov. Mtsikanayo adapereka mwana wamwamuna yemwe akufuna.
Andrei grigoririevich zhukovsky adatenga mnyamatayo, ngakhale kuti pabwalo lamilandu adadziwa kuti bambo ndani. Steph anali wochokera kwa anthu osagwira ntchito. Wolemba mbiri yakale I. Vinitsky amakhulupirira kuti vutoli ndi kubadwa kwa wolowa m'malo anali kovuta, m'malo mwa wolemba.
Pazaka zazifupi, mwamphamvu, pofunsidwa kwa abambo a Abambo, adakhala wosakhazikika wa gulu la Astrakhan Gosar. Pambuyo 4 zaka, adalengeza za kufala kwa zhukovsky New Cunk - Enign. Pambuyo pake, msirikali wachichepereyu, anasiya. Mu 1789, mphunzitsi Ekim Ivanovich afika kwa mnyamatayo. Tsoka ilo, luso loyenera la ku Germanylo's ku Germany silinali kuphunzira, adatenga bambo ake omwe anali a Andree Zhukovsky.
Chaka chotsatira, banja lankhondo limasamukira ku Tula. Aphunzitsi a Pokrovsky amapemphedwa nthawi yomweyo kupita ku Vasilia. Mphunzitsi pa nthawi imeneyo adamva wolemba komanso wokonda zapamwamba. Koma mawonekedwe osakhazikika a zhukovsky adatsogolera kuti pokrovsky anakana kugwira ntchito ndi mnyamata. Abambo aphunzitsi adati talente ya munthuyo kulibe, chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chophunzitsira.
Cholowa cha Aathasius Bunin atamwalira ana akazi ake. Zhukovsky ali ndi ma ruble 10,000. Panthawiyo, inali yofunika kwambiri. Chaka china pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa abambo, anayendera mosavuta Sukulu ya Boarding, kenako anayamba kuvomerezedwa ku sukulu ya anthu. Pambuyo pa miyezi yochepa ophunzira mu zhukovsky bungwe la zhuvosky, amayendetsa kuti asamvetsetse sayansi.
Mwanzeru amaganiza zopita ku mlongo wa pivot valvar yoshkova. Kugawo la Maningo wa mtsikanayo anali ataliatali. Apa Zhukovsky adazindikira kuti akufuna kukhala osewera. Mu 1794, wolembayo amapanga tsoka loyamba pa chiwembu cha plubatil "Campil, kapena Roma wopulumutsidwa". Pambuyo pake, Meldrama akuwonekera kuchokera ku cholembera cha m'mimba, chomwe chimakhazikitsidwa pa buku la "Paulo ndi Virginia".
Maphunziro oyambira ku Hotade sanathe kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira zhukovsky, mlongo wachidule amatanthauzira mosapita m'mbali ku Moscow Pensity penshoni. Pa mayeso, ndakatuloyi idawonetsa umwini wa French komanso mwachidwi zilankhulo za ku Germany. Sukulu ya Boarding idawerengera chidziwitso cha kudziwa mabuku. Ku University of zhukovsky adapanga abwenzi ndi Andrey Turgenev. Mnyamatayo adakopa kwambiri ntchito inayo. Mu nyumba ya alendo, Vasily Andreevich amalemba ndakatulo zoyambirira, kuphatikiza m'mawa kwambiri.
Malembo
Njira yolenga ya zhukovsky inali khomo laminga ndipo sizovuta. Bwerani pa moyo wa ndakatulo kapena nenanizani wolemba yemwe wolemba sakanatha, motero adamutengera kumasulira. Maluso a Zhukovsky pamunda uno adayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe, kuphatikizapo Photon Beketov, mwini nyumba yayikulu yosindikiza. Kubwerera ku Moscow University House House, Vasily Andreevich adakumana ndi Nikolai Karamzin, omwe adakhala mphunzitsi komanso wolimbikitsa pa zhukovsky kwa zaka zambiri.
Wosinthanitsa chilankhulo cha ku Russia ku Russia kunaonetsa kuti anali ndi udindo wotsutsa ntchito ya Ward. Koma Karamzin sanaiwale za matamando. Mphunzitsi nthawi zonse anali atalemba zonena zopambana ndi zhukovsky mu ntchito. Kuyambira mu 1808 mpaka 1820, wolemba ndakatuloyo anali kufunafuna luso.
Izi zikuwonekera bwino mu nthawi ya nthawi, mwachitsanzo ku Lyudmila. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ntchitoyi ndi kumasulira kwa wolemba ndakatulo wa Germany G. A. Burger. Ku Ludmila, zhukovsky amafotokoza za mawu omvera m'moyo wake.
Zaka 4 zidatenga Andreevich kuti apange Svetlana khola. Ndakatuloyi imakhazikitsidwa pa Lenor, yopangidwa ndi G. A. Burger. Ntchitoyi ndi yosiyana ndi Lyudmila ndi kukondwa komanso zosangalatsa. Bwenzi zhukovsky A.S. Puskin amasangalala kwambiri ndi ntchito ya mbuye.
Kuyambiranso gawo la moyo, nthochi zhukovsky adamasulira matembenuzidwe. Wolemba ndakatulo anali ndi mphatso yachilengedwe yomwe imamulola kumasulira ndakatulo zabwino kwambiri, ma ballads ofotokoza padziko lonse lapansi. Mosamala Andreevich adawululira bwino za ku Germany mwachikhalidwe ndikufalitsa matsenga a ndakatuloyi ndi i. Goethe "nkhalango Tsar" nthawi ya Kutanthauzira ku Russia.
Zhukovsky ankakonda kupanga, kotero wolemba nthawi zambiri amamasuliridwa ntchito zodziwika bwino, koma nthawi yomweyo sanaiwale za ntchito yake. Mu 1822, Vasily Andreevich amabweretsa gulu la Elegy, lopangidwa ndi mzimu wokonda zachikondi, "Nyanja". Wolemba adatcha kusilira kwake chifukwa cha kukongola komwe kumazungulira anthu. Pambuyo pake, zhukovsky adayamba kumasulira ma balads "chikho" chomwe ndidapangidwa ndi I. Schiller. Womasulirayo anagwira ntchito yogwira ntchito zaka 6. M'masiku amenewo, kunalibe chifukwa chobwereketsa kwenikweni - zinali zokwanira kufotokoza tanthauzo la ntchito, ntchito, zotengeka.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, nthochi zhukovsky zinathandiza ana kuzindikira sayansi, kuphatikizapo mabuku. Kulankhulana molimba ndi anyamata ndi atsikana azaka zosiyanasiyana adakankhira kukalemba nthano. Pafupifupi zaka 30 zofunika kuti zhukovsky amapanga nthano zisanu ndi ziwiri, zomwe mpaka lero zikufala pakati pa akulu ndi makanda. Pakati pa zolengedwa za Vasily Andreevich "Red Carbunul", "nthano ya Tsarevna", "nkhondo ya mbewa", "yotchedwa chule", "nthano ya Ivan Tsarevich ndi imvi Nkhandwe ".
Mu nthano nthano, zhukovsky amakonda kupita kukayesa kowala. Wolemba adagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chabwino cha chilankhulochi, chosemedwa ndi ndakatulo. Vasaly Andreevich anachita chidwi ndi zopanda pake, zodabwitsa komanso pang'ono zowopsa zodzikongoletsera, zomwe zidawonetsedwa bwino mu ntchito za Tika, Novis ndi Hoffman. Izi zidawonetsedwa mu zhukovsky ma nthano.
Nthawi zina chidwi pakati pa wolemba ku National Tary Tarse. Mlengiyo anayesa kugwirizanitsa chinsinsi cha ku Europe ndi ku malo akomweko m'mabuku a nthano. Chaka chisanafe zhukovsky chisanayambe kulembera ndakatulo ziwiri zamatsenga "mphaka ndi mbuzi" ndi "mbalame". Wolemba adadzipereka mwana wake wamkazi.
Alangizi a banja lachifumu
Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky amabwera ku ntchito ya banja lachifumu mu 1815. Pasanathe zaka ziwiri, wolemba amagwira ntchito ndi amayi a mayi wa Fedorovna a Mary Fedorna. Wolemba adzagwira zaka 25 zotsatira m'bwalo lamilandu. Chithunzi cha nthawiyo sichinapulumuke.
Mu 1817, zhuovsky imagwira ntchito kwa zochitika. Mphunzitsi amaphunzitsa chilankhulo ndi mabuku ku Nikoroi koyamba - Alexander Fedorovna, pambuyo pake maphunziro a fodya amachezera munthu wa Mikail Pavlovich Alena Pavlovich. Zhukovsky adakulitsa mabwalo padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza nzeru, mbiri, pulogalamu yokopa.
Zochitika, chidziwitso chololeza zhukovsky kupita patsogolo pa makwerero. Vasily Andreevich adasankhidwa ndi othandizira a Tsangavich. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, wolemba nkhani wa nthano, ndakatulo ndi ballads idakhala mutu wa aphunzitsi ndi aphunzitsi omwe ogwira ntchito ku Banja lachifumu. Zhukovsky anazindikira kuti ali ndi mwayi watsopano 'angapange zabwino. "
Compor Commar cossarevich amatanthauza udindo kwa mwana wamng'ono komanso wamkulu, motero mphunzitsiyo amawerenga ndikuwerenganso luso, zolemba za apilofiya. Makalasi Oyamba a ku Conaalvich adachitika kumapeto kwa 1826. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, zhukovsky adakonza laibulale ku cholowa kumpando wachifumu ndikupanga dongosolo lophunzitsira, ndandanda ya tsiku, yomwe inavomereza Mfumu.
Vasily Andreevich adayankha galamala ya ku Russia, sayansi ya anthu, mbiri ya anthu, mbiri yakale. Phunziro lomwe linatsogolera aphunzitsi ena sanali opanda chidwi cha zhukovsky. Wolembayo adalimbikitsa aphunzitsi, momwe angaphunzitsire chinthu chimodzi kapena chinthu china. Vasily Andreevich amafuna kuwona Mpando Wachifumu wa Russia wa Mfumu ophunzira, choncho Khothi linapempha asayansi. Zhukovsky anali ndi masomphenya ake a wolamulira wamtsogolo. Cossarevich ayenera kuyesetsa kuphunzira, koma ndizosatheka kuiwala za malingaliro.
"Komwe wolamulira amakonda phindu la dziko lonse, ndipo anthu amakonda ulamuliro wa wolamulirayo," anatero modabwitsa.Pasanathe zaka 12, mlangizi anaphunzitsa wolowa nyumbayo pampando wachifumuwo, kokha ku Cesarevich atakhala akulu, amagwira ntchito kukhothi la zhukovsky anamaliza. Kwa zabwino, Prince Alexander adalandira mphatso kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi - "Maphunziro a Maphunziro". Wolamulira wamtsogolo, pamodzi ndi zhukovsky, adapita kumizinda yaku Russia ndi mayiko a Western Europe.
Mosamala Andreevich modziyimira pawokha pawokha, paulendo womwe Zesarevich adakumana ndi boma lake. Pakadali pano, mu 1841, ubale wa bwalo lachifumu ndi zhukovsky adatha kutha. Wolemba adalandira ntchito ndikupita ku Germany.
Moyo Wanu
Mu m'badwo wa 56, zvaily zhukovsky adakumana ndi Elizabeth Ellizable Evggrafwa Reviiterne. Poyamba, wolemba wachikondi anali kukondana ndi mtsikanayo, koma bambo amene anali mnzake wa fodya, anasonyeza kuti ukwati. Zhukovsky sanafune kubwerera, chaka patatha chaka chimodzi adapereka mwayi wopereka Elizabeth. Dona wachikondi anayankha yankho labwino.
Mu 1841, mawu omaliza a Union adachitika ku Dusseldorf. Tsoka ilo, ukwatiwu sunali wophweka. Elizabeti ankadwala nthawi zonse, amatenga manjenje amanjenje. Mavuto pafupipafupi sanalole maloto a zhukovsky za ana. Koma patatha chaka chimodzi kubavala, msungwana wa ku Alexander adawonekera m'banjamo. Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu pambuyo pake, mwana wa Paul. Chifukwa cha zovuta za mnzake, wokalambayo amayenera kugwira ntchito zonse zozungulira nyumba ndi kuleredwa kwa ana.
Ana a zhukovsky sanakhale olemba. Alexander Vasalolna anali ndi chikwati cha Romootic ndi Prince Alexei Aleksandrovich, koma pambuyo pake mgwirizano ukuluwu udasweka. Zhukovskaya anampatsa mwana wamwamuna yekhayo. Pambuyo pake, mtsikanayo adakwatirana ndi Arna ndipo adakhala wovomerezeka wa verman.
Za Pavel Vasalyevich amadziwa zambiri. Phiri la wojambulayo lidzaperekedwa, koma chinsalu sichinali chikondi chokha cha mwana zhukovsky. Mwamunayo adakhala woyamba wa bungwe lanyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Belvav, adapanga nyumba yomanga zakale yochita bwino ku Moscow.
Imfa
Vasily Andreevich zhukovsky kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala kudera kapena baji. Mu 1851, matendawa anabwera kwa iye. Diso limodzi la wolemba lidasiya kuwona, kotero Mlengi adalimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri mchipinda chamdima. Ngakhale mavuto ali ndi thanzi, vasily andreevich okhumudwa amafuna kubwerera kwawo - ku Russia. Kuthandizidwa ndi wolemba Kadaev ndi Gogol.
Pa Julayi 14, 1851, banja la Zhukovsky linapita panjira, koma sizinachitike, popeza bamboyo anali ndi diso pamaso pake. Yekha kulemba ndikuwerenga molakwika andreevich sinathe. Wolembayo anathandiza mkazi ndi Valet. Mkhalidwe waumoyo wa zhukovsky unkakhala wowonongeka kwambiri, kotero wolemba ndakatulo ndi ma ballads amafunsa kuti abwere ku Sweden VYazemsky.
Pomaliza, pamapeto pake pali nthawi yopumira ya gogol pambuyo pa kufa kwa Gogol. Ndipo pa Epulo 12, 1852, iye sanakhale wolemba. Wolemba nthano "pa Tsar Berendei" ndi "Tsarenchnchna" adaikidwa m'manda a Cuppt apadera, pamakoma omwe mizere ya ndakatulo yake idasemedwa. Kudziwa chikondi cha wolemba ku Russia, mu Ogasiti 1852, gululi limatumiza fumbi la zhukovsky mpaka petersburg. Tsopano manda a wolemba ndakatulo, womasulira ndipo mphunzitsiyo ali pa manda a Tikhvin a Alexander nevsky Lavra, osati kutali ndi Mogile N. Karamzin.
M'bali
- 1808 - "Lyudmila"
- 1812 - Svetlana
- 1818 - "Tsatchi Tsar"
- 1822 - "Nyanja"
- 1825-1831 chikho "
- 1831 - "Kugona Tsarevna"
- 1831 - "Zokhudza Tsar Berende"
- 1845 - "Pa Ivan Tsarevich ndi mmbulu wa imvi"
- 1851 - "Mphaka ndi mbuzi"
- 1851 - "Mbalame"