Chiphunzitso
Michelangelo Merisi Da caravaggio ndi ojambula wodziwika bwino ku Italy, wolemba zachipembedzo. Nthawi zambiri anakoka anyamata. Ntchito za wolemba zimawonetsedwa m'magulu abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi - Ufizi, herposege, metropolitan Museum, Louvre, Prado.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mu imodzi mwa ngodya za Italy, wojambula wamtsogolo michelaelo Merisi da Caravaggio adabadwa pansi pa Lombardy mu 1571. Ofufuzawo sakanatha kudziwa malo enieni ndi tsiku lobadwa, ndipo zolembedwazo sizinasungidwe. Mwina Mlengiyo adabadwira ku Milan kapena pafupi naye - kwa Caravaggio.
Michelangelo adakhala mwana wamwamuna woyamba kubanja la womanga. Wojambula anali ndi azichimwene atatu ndi mlongo wachichepere. Caravaggio sankakhala bwino, monga momwe Atate anali ndi malipiro abwino ndi maphunziro omanga.
Zaka zisanu pambuyo pakubadwa kwa Caravagaggio, mliri wa mliriwo udayamba ku Milan. Zinali zotheka kupewera kudwala kokha mothandizidwa ndi mzinda wina. Koma sizinathandize. Patatha chaka chimodzi, atatha kudwala kwa nthawi yayitali, mutu wabanja umafa. Nthawi imeneyi ya Caravaggio sinali yovuta.
Pazojambula za wojambulajambula kwambiri zoyera. Zambiri Zaka 8 za Moyo Michelangelo atamwalira, atamwalira. Amadziwika kuti mnyamata wa mu 1584 anapita kukaphunzira ku Milancans Simone Peterno. Atamaliza maphunzirowa, Caravaggio adayenera kupereka mutu wa wojambulayo, koma ovomerezeka a izi sanali osungika.
Mu 1592, Caravaggio inagundana ndi mayeso atsopano - kutayika kwa amayi. Cholowa chinagawidwa m'magawo ofanana pakati pa ana. Chifukwa cha ndalamazi, Michelangelo adatha kupita ku Roma. Wojambulayo adamva munthu ali ndi vuto lovuta, nthawi zonse amatenga nawo nkhondo, adapita kundende.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Zaka zoyambirira za moyo ku Roma sizinali zophweka kwa caravaggio. Wojambula wachinyamata wokhala ndi zovuta amatha kupeza chakudya ndi nyumba, koma mwayi adatembenukira kwa iye. Trendy panthawiyo, wopweteka wa Conari D'Arpino adavomereza michelangelo mpaka positi yothandizira pantchito. Pakadali pano, Mlengi wosadziwika adapangabe zojambula za D'arpino. Ndikugwira ntchito yokambirana, wolemba amapanga ntchito "mwana wokhala ndi ndoleni la zipatso" ndi "wodwala pang'ono wakm".
Posakhalitsa Cardinal Francesco Maria Del Montel adayamba kuchitika pa Caravaggio. Wojambulayo adapeza mwayi wopanga dziko la Roma. Pothokoza, michelangelo anapatsa kadina kadina ka chithunzi cha "basiketi ya zipatso", kenako ntchito zina zina - "atomatist" ndi "Vakh".
Munthawi imeneyi, ntchito zingapo zimalowa mndandanda wa dziko lapansi cholowa cha dziko lapansi kuchokera pansi pa karavago. Ino ndi "Force Teller", "war-wopambana", "narcissa". Maso a ojambulawa amawoneka kuti ndi mbali zatsopano - "oyera" akadali moyo komanso "adventrobur" pakupaka utoto. Otsatira a Michelangelo nthawi zambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito m'mawu.
Caravaggio nthawi zambiri amasintha mitu yachipembedzo. Kuchokera Kumaphunziro Oyambirira Mutha Kugawa "Maria Polankhula ndi Maria Magdalina", "Evastone Alexandria Fdanaleria", "Judie ndi Ortifarne", "Tchuthi Nsembe ".
Kumapeto kwa zaka za XVI, Caravagguo analemba zinthu ziwiri zojambula zomwe zikunena za moyo wa atumwi. Ntchito zina zinasamutsidwira ku tchalitchi cha San Luigi desi fly, yomwe ili ku Roma. Zojambula izi zimaperekedwa kwa mtumwi Mateyu. Ntchito ziwiri zafikira lero - "kuphedwa kwa mtumwi Mateyo" ndi "ntchito ya mtumwi Mateyo".
Awiri a Capella mu Church of Santa Maria Del Popolo ku Roma amakongoletsedwanso ndi ntchito za Caravaggio. Apa iwo anali oti "kupachikidwa pampando wa mtumwi Petro" ndi "apilo ya Sacela." Kugwirizana ndi nyumba zachipembedzo kumatenga nthawi yayitali. M'zaka za zana la XVII, zojambula "pamalopo m'bokosi", "malingaliro a Mary" adawonekera. Ntchitozi zinali m'matchalitchi a Santrostino ndi Santa Maria-in-Valetella.
Zaka zingapo zapitazi za moyo Michelangelo caravaggio yoyendayenda, kuyesera kupewa kulangidwa. M'malo mopanga, nthawi imeneyi inali yolemera pamwambo. Pakadali pano, Caravaggio adaonekera utoto wa paguwa "Madonna Rosary", "Zochitika Zisanu ndi ziwiri", "mavuto a Khristu". Wojambula wawo adalemba kwa Naples.
Kukhala ku Malta, Caravaggio kunapanga "zoyera Jerome" ndi "mutu wa Yohane Mbatizi." Mu Sicily, kuchokera pansi pa burashi ya maestro, "kuyikidwa kwa nyumba yoyera", "kuuka kwa Lazaro", "kupembedza ma shepu". Poyamba wa dzuwa, michelangelo amalemba chithunzithunzi chakuti "David kuchokera kumutu wa Goliyati". Ntchito yoyeserera ndi chithunzi chokha.
M'gulu la Dziko Londlon National, imodzi mwazomwe zimachitika zojambulajambula zajambulidwa kale - "mnyamata, adalembedwa ndi buluzi." Wolemba adalemba chithunzi m'mabasikidwe awiri. Olemba mbiri yakale akadali ndi vuto lomwe likuwonetsedwa pa Canvas. Pali mitundu iwiri: wokondedwa wa caravaggio kapena maestro iyemwini.
Pa malo ojambula a Doria Parali pali ntchito ina yoyambirira ya wojambula - "kuthamanga magdalene." Ichi ndi chithunzi chosafunikira chomwe mtsikana wachichepere akuwonetsedwa. Caravaggio chidwi chinalipira tsatanetsatane: Pansi pa zokongoletsera zokongoletsera, ndi mbamba zam'madzi zokhala ndi chakumwa, mapangidwe pamavalidwe amakokedwa.
Ku Ufliza, mutha kuyang'ana ntchito zosangalatsa za michelangelo. Chithunzithunzi chakuti "Amesa" chinapangidwa pamatabwa pamtengo. Zolengedwa izi zidapangidwa makamaka kwa kadinanalscomo Frencesco del Monte, omwe amafuna kupanga mphatso Ferdinand i, Duke wamkulu Tuscan.
Chithunzithunzi "Yohane Mbatizi" chikusungidwa ku Tebelsky Cathedral. Mnyamata wachinyamata akuwonetsedwa pa Canvas. Pali mphekesera zambiri kuzungulira ntchitoyi. Olemba mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti olemba akhoza kukhala a otsatira a Caravaggio. Ena amatsutsa kuti chithunzicho chinalembedwa ndi Michelangelo makamaka kwa abboot a chipatala chotonthoza.
M'dzikoli, chithunzi "chikupsompsona Yuda" chalembedwa. Ntchitoyi imakhazikika pakupereka kwa caravaggio za masiku otsiriza a moyo wa Yesu Khristu. Nkhani yofananira imalumikizidwa ndi intaneti iyi. Zinapezeka kuti chithunzichi chinayimiriridwa ku Odessa, chomwe chimabedwa. Pakadali pano, choyambirira chiri ku Ireland mpaka lero.
Mu Rorgrase Gallery, yomwe ili ku Roma, mutha kudziwa ntchito imodzi ya Michelangelo caravaggio - "Madonna ndi mwana ndi Anna". Amayi awiri ndi mwana amaperekedwa pa Canvas. Zithunzi za zojambula zambiri za caravaggio zimayikidwa mu Albamu yapadera yoperekedwa kwa zojambulajambula zapadziko lonse.
Moyo Wanu
Michelangelo caravaggio sanakwatirane. Nthawi yomweyo, mwamunayo ankakonda kujambula anyamata amaliseche, osati azimayi. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ambiri adayamba kufotokoza za ojambulawo kuti aike oyimilira omwe si achikhalidwe. Ndipo mu zaka za XX, Caravaggio adatchedwa ngakhale chithunzi cha Gay. Umboni wovomerezeka wa izi sunapezeke.
Mu 1986, ndinawona kuwala kwa filimuyo "Carafaggio", momwe amafotokozera za kugonana kosagwirizana ndi michelangelo. Wojambula wokondedwa adasewera nyemba za ku Britain. Uwu ndiye gawo lake loyamba la chikhalidwe ichi.
Imfa
Ku Italy, michelangelo caravagio amadziwika kuti anali ndi luso, lomwe limayambitsa mikangano yambiri komanso zonyoza pagulu. Tsoka ilo, samangoyambitsa kusintha, komanso ndi machitidwe. Wophwanya malamulo nthawi zonse auze chilamulo ndipo anali pafupi ndende. Caravaggio analibe chilolezo chonyamula zida zozizira, koma wojambulayo sanasiye.
Michelangelo adaponya tray mu woperekera zakudya, adathyola galasi m'nyumba ya munthu wina. Anatopa ndi alonda, motero wojambulayo adamangidwa mndende. Ndipo mu 1606 bambo anapha munthu. Tsoka lidachitika ndikusewera mpira. Pofuna kuti musakhale pambuyo pa mipiringidzo, caravaggio idathawa. Zaka 4 zapitazi za moyo, wolemba wamphamvu padziko lonse yemwe wapezeka ku ukapolo.
Michelangelo akuyembekeza kukhululuka, choncho anali kubisala pafupi ndi Roma, koma pambuyo pake anapita ku Naples. Anali pamndandanda wa Malta. Pa chilumba cha wojambula choperekedwa ku Knights kuti agwirizane kutsogolo kwa dongosolo la maltala. Koma anaonetsanso osagwirizana ndikulowa nkhondo. Kuphatikiza apo, wotsutsa wa Caravaggio adakhala mlangizi wapamwamba kwambiri ku dongosololi. Posakhalitsa wojambulayo adathawa kundende.
Kuopsa kochokera ku oyang'anira Italiya kudapitilira, koma chatsopano chidaonekera - oyimilira a dongosolo. Mu 1609, Michelangelo adathawa kuti athawe, koma nthawi yomweyo adavutika. Otsatirawa adathamangitsa nkhope ya wojambulayo. Pambuyo pake, Caravaggio adakhala m'ndende, koma molakwika. Imfa ya Mlengi idagwa pa Julayi 18, 1610. Michelangelo anamwalira ndi malungo. Wojambula wamkulu anali ndi zaka 39.
Michelangelo Caravaggio adayikidwa m'manda a gulu. Pambuyo pake, mabwinja a amuna apezeka. Zotsogolera zomwe zili m'mafupa zimapezeka kuti zikuluzikika kangapo. Dziwani kuti masiku amenewo, zomwe zinawonjezeredwa pa utoto. Mwina sikuti malungo anapha wojambulayo, koma ntchitoyo.
Nchito
- 1593 - "Achinyamata omwe ali ndi mtanga wa zipatso"
- 1595 - "Oimba"
- 1596 - "Mnyamata yemwe adalembedwa ndi buluzi"
- 1597 - "Kuyenda Magdalene"
- 1597 - "Amesa"
- 1598 - "Judith ndi Ontofern"
- 1599 - "Narcissus"
- 1600 - "Artyrrd of St. Matthew"
- 1601 - "Kupachikidwa kwa St. Peter"
- 1602 - Amur-wopambana
- 1603 - "Maliro a Khristu"
- 1604 - "Yohane Mbatizi"
- 1605 - "Chithunzi cha Papa Paul |
- 1606 - "Maria Magdalene mu Cystasy"
- 1607 - "Ntchito Zisanu ndi ziwiri Zachifundo"
- 1608 - "Kuzindikira Yohane Mbatizi"
- 1609 - "Kuuka kwa Akufa kwa Lazaro"
- 1610 - "Davide wochokera mu mutu wa Goliyati"