Chiphunzitso
Patha zaka 586 kuyambira pomwe adamwalira ndi namwali wotchuka wotsutsa. Moyo Wodabwitsa Zhanna D'Arkak sapereka kwa olemba mbiri kwa olemba mbiri. Utoto waku Fregendary waku France umaperekedwa kwa mabuku, amagwira, makanema, magwiridwe antchito ndi zojambulajambula zokongola. Ku France, palibe mzinda womwe dzina lake sunaperekedwe. Chidule cha kukumbukira ndi ulemu waukulu Zakale Z'khak agona mbiri yake yapadera - ali ndi zaka 17 adayamba wankhondo-wamkulu wa France.
Ndi yekhayo wozunzidwa ndi mpingo wa Katolika, osangokonzanso pambuyo pakufa, komanso ndi amene analemba oyera mtima. Pokhapokha pokhapokha kudzipereka kwa anthu, kulimba mtima ndi kukana kwa orleans a Derande zidapangitsa kuti ikhale chizindikiro cha France. Kupha Kwambiri Kugwiritsidwa Ntchito Mu mbiri yakale, Akereki D'AK adasiya chizindikiro chosadziwika m'mbiri ya anthu.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Jeanne D'arko, ali mwana a Jeresta, adabadwa pa Januware 6, 1412 ku Homemis (Lorraine, France). Abambo Zhanna - Jacques D'ark, amayi Isabella Roma. Ofufuza Zambiri Bonna sapereka yankho lolondola, kuchokera kalasi yanji yomwe banja limachitika. Malinga ndi chidziwitso chosiyidwa ndi mbadwa ya D'kala, charhl a Charhl adakwatirana ndi Isabelo, ndipo adasamukira ku Sefoni, ndipo adabzala malo, ng'ombe, nkhosa ndi mahatchi.
Jeanne ndi wamkulu wa ana D'angalawa. M'banjali kunakula za Zhanna Abale - Jean, Pierre, Jacques ndi Mlongo Katrin. Catherine anamwalira unyamata wake. Abale anakhala ochezeka ndipo amathandizira Zhanna mtsogolo. Jeanne sanadzitchule kuti Yeanne D'ark - ali mwana, Orleans adadzitcha "Zhanna Namwali".
Masomphenya ndi kunenera
Masomphenya oyamba kwa Jeanne adabwera ali ndi zaka 13. Mtsikanayo ataona mngelo wamkulu Mikha, velikoma ku Ekaterina Alexandria ndi Margarita antiokeya. M'masomphenyawo, Mulungu adalosera za tuopleans kumutu wa asitikali ndikuchotsa kuzingidwa, kutsogolera ku radin charles korona ndikuwonekeratu kuti ndi achingelezi. Mwinanso, malingaliro a mtsikanayo adalosera kunenedweratu kwa zonena za Merlin ku Khoti la Alerrar King, omwe adalosera kuti France apulumutse Viroje ku Lorraine.Panthawiyo, dzikolo linang'ambika kunkhondo yakona. Gawo la France lidatanganidwa ndi Britain, ndipo gawo lidayang'aniridwa ndi kuba. Isabella Bavarian, mkazi wa ku Karl Vi, mu 1420 adasainirana pangano ndi aku Britain, monga momwe mphamvuyo itamwalira, koma kwa Henrich v, Mfumu ya England. Anthu opota ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe amapirira kugonja linali kuyembekezera chozizwitsa, Mpulumutsi.
Kumenya nkhondo
Mu Januware 1429, Zhanna D'nk adathamangira mnyumbamo ndikupita ku vocileler. Atakumana ndi wamkulu wa mzinda wa Robert de Tdarrikar, adalengeza cholinga chake kukakumana ndi Dofi. Mtsikanayo sanatengedwe kwambiri ndikutumizidwa kunyumba. Kubwerera kwa omwe ali pachitukuko pambuyo pake, Joan adagwedeza kapitawo, akuneneratu za ku France pankhondo ya Ruvore, nkhani za zomwe zidabwera pambuyo pake kuposa kuneneratu.
Atachita chidwi Robert de Bobekur adatumiza Zena D'nna D'nk kupita ku Khothi, ndikukhazikitsa kutsekedwa kwa anthu, polembera dothi ndikupereka gulu la asirikali. Mwanjira imeneyi, mtsikanayo anatsagana ndi abale. Nkhota ya bwalo la Karl inali yowopsa kwambiri. Monga Zhanna adati, Mkulu wa Angelo Michael adathandizira apaulendo panjira.
Pakapita nthawi Zanna D'ark ndi Karl amafotokozedwa bwino m'mabuku ambiri. Karl sanataye kwa nthawi yayitali. Bwalo lidagawika m'misasa iwiri, ambiri adatsimikiza ku msonkhano wokhala ndi m'busa wochokera ku Lorraine. Atsogoleri achipembedzo amakhulupirira kuti orleans anali akutsogolera mdierekezi. Popereka chilolezo kwa omvera, Karl anabzala m'malo mwa iye yekha ku Mpandowachifumu. Zhanna, akulowa holoyo, sanayang'ane mpando wachifumu, ndipo adapita ku Karl, ataimirira pakati pa mabwalo.
Pamenesiyo anati, Mkulu wa mngelo Mikhail adalozedwa Karl. Pambuyo pokambirana Zhanna ndi Karl yekha, mfumuyi idawunikira. Choyambirira cha zokambirana Karl chikuwululidwa pokhapokha kotala la zaka zana - D'ark adachotsa kukayikira defin pofotokoza zamphamvu zake. Zhanna adatsimikizira tsogolo la ufumuwo ndi la iye molondola.
Chifukwa chake, Carl adakhulupirira namwali. Koma malingaliro ake sanathetse zonse - mawu omaliza anali ansembe. Otchalitchi adakonza mayeso a Jeanne. Chifukwa cha kudzipereka ndi ukulu wa malingaliro, ndikudutsa mayeso onse ndi kuwafunsa mafunso kwa Commissiers, Jeanne adavomerezedwa kuti akanyamulire gulu lankhondo. Njira yankhondo yolimbana ndi namwali ya orleansai inayamba. Kuchokera ku Poitier Zhanna D'Arkak adafika mu ulendowu. Atalandira zida ndi kavalo mu ulendowu, Virgo adapita kumzinda wa blose - malo oyambira panjira yopita ku Orleans.
Ku Libois, chochitika chosawoneka chomwe chikuchitika - Jeanne D'AK adanenanso kuti Woyera-Frerbuy Chapel, yemwe adasunga lupanga la Mfumu ya Charles aryarla. Ndi lupanga ili, mfumu idapambana Saracnov kunkhondo ya Poita mu 732. Lujeti adathandizira namwali mu nkhondo. Nkhani zonena za maonekedwe a Mpulumutsi adawulukira ku France. Pansi pa zikwangwani Zhanna D'ark anasonkhanitsa ankhondo. Chisokonezo ndi chisoni cha magulu ankhondo zidabwera kumapeto, omenyera nkhondo adatenga Mzimu ndikukhulupirira kuti Orvaans Devawo amabweretsa chigonjetso.
Zhanna adayimirira patsogolo pa asitikali akuwala, ndi lupanga lakale komanso chikwangwani. Modabwitsa, koma m'busa wambiri wochokera ku Lorraine adayang'aniridwa posachedwa kuti athe kudziwa za asing'anga sayansi, kuti abweretse dongosolo m'magulu ankhondo, kuti alemekeze mabwana ankhondo. Zikhala zikungoganiza, monga mwa wazaka 17, wopanda nzeru wa mtsogoleri yemwe adawonetsedwa. Jeanne adabweranso mobwerezabwereza kuti Mulungu amutsogolere.
Gawo loyamba munkhondo ya Zhanna vs. Britain ndikuchotsa kuzimiririka kwa orleans. Orleans anali okhawo panjira ya asitikali achingerezi mpaka kugwidwa kwathunthu kwa France, kotero kumasulidwa kwa mzindawu kunali koyamba kwa Jeanne D'kak. Pa Epulo 28, 1429, asitikali aku France adatsogozedwa ndi mkulu wina wa achichepere adagwira ntchito yopita ku Orleans. Anakumana ndi gulu lankhondo la chikwi chimodzi. Virgo anaitanitsa atsogoleri a gulu lankhondo lake kuti akafike pa cholinga chachikulu cha Orleans ndikuwaukira ankhondo a mdani.
Koma atsogoleriwo adathamangitsa dongosolo, adabweretsa ankhondo ku Orleans omwe adasungidwa ndikuyimilira pagombe lamanzere, moyang'anizana ndi asitikali a adani. Mabatani onse awiri ku Orleans adazunguliridwa ndi Britain. Kuwoloka wotsutsa mmanja - nkhaniyi ndi yowopsa. Mawongole anali opanda chiyembekezo. ZANNA adakwezedwa. Ndinafunika kutumiza ankhondo kubwerera ku lipesi, ndikutumiza loire pagombe lamanja. Iye Woyera, D'Arc okhala ndi Dera, madzi osefukira kum'mwera a Orleans ndikulowa mu mzinda wa Burgunda. Nzika zotanthauza kuti zilibe malire.
Nkhondo yomwe ili pansi pa orleans inatha ndi Triuml Healk Z'anna D'ak. Pochotsa kuzinga zam'mimba zam'mbali za Saint-Lo, Augusten ndi Tomer Virgo adatenga nawo mbali mwa munthu. Pomenya nkhondoyi adalandidwa chifukwa cha mapewa. Pa Meyi 8, 1429, Britain adasiya njira zopita ku Orleans ndikugawana. Mzindawu udalembedwa wopulumutsidwa. Chigonjetso cha Chifalansa chinali ndi kufunikira kwa malingaliro - dzikolo lidakhulupirira mphamvu yake. Pambuyo pa chipambano pafupi pafupi ndi Orleans, kazembe wachichepere anapatsidwa dzina "Orleans".
Kudzoza kwa carla
Kukondwerera chigonjetso ku Orleans, a Jeanne D'Arkak adapita kukaona ku Carlo, kulengeza kupambana. Njira yopita ku Dfina idadutsa pagulu la Chifalansa. Aliyense amafuna kukhudza zida za namwali wotchinga. M'matchalitchi amapereka mapemphero odalitsika cha Mpulumutsi. Karl anakumana ndi kazembe wachichepere ndi ulemu ndi ulemu - amakhala pansi pafupi, monga mfumukazi, adapatsa ulemuwo.
Ntchito yotsatira ya namwaliyo inali kumasulidwa kwa zobwezera. Zinali mwa Iye kuti kutchedwa olamulira onse ku France kunachitika. Momwe anthu sanachedwe chifukwa cha anthu omwe adaloledwa kusonkhanitsa asitikali pafupifupi 12,000 a Gulu Lankhondo la National. Mafunde a kusungunuka kumasula SWEETT France. Karl mpaka kukaikira kotsiriza kotsiriza kuwunikiranso. Komabe, kuneneratu kwa namwali - asitikali anali osasunthika kumakoma a mzindawo milungu iwiri ndi theka. Kuphimba kwa Karl kwadutsa mu zochitika zachikhalidwe. Korona wa Dofine adayikidwa mu tchalitchi chotsirizira. Pafupi ndi mfumu inaima Zenna D'nna D'nna d'and Sharner, mu zida za Knight.
Filimu ndi Imfa
Ndi kuwongolera Karl, cholinga cha namwali wa orleanstans chinatha. Zhanna adapempha mfumu kuti imulole kupita kumudzi kwawo. Karl adapempha kuti akhale wamkulu wamkulu. ZANNA anavomera. Pamwamba pa France, wotsogoleredwa ndi Lalele, wolandira ndalama kuchokera kunkhondoyo ndipo adamalizanso ndalama zokhala ndi Hukend of Burgund, atanyengerera Karl kukadikira ndi kumasulidwa kwa Paris. ZANNA D'Ark adayesa kudziipitsa pawokha.
Pa Meyi 23, 1430, Zhanna adabwera mkaidi kwa ankhondo a burggundy. Anamusunga mu ukapolo wa Burbendans ku Picardia Jeemembaurg. Sanapatse namwali kwa Britain, koma anafunsa chiwombolo kuchokera ku Karl. Anapereka iye amene anamuyika kumpando wachifumu, osawonetsa chidwi. Kukana mwakachetechete French Ganizirani za kuperekedwa kwakukulu m'mbiri ya dzikolo.
Khothi Lopitilira Jeanne D'Ark lidasungidwa mu ruang. A Britain amafunikira osati kupha Orleans - ndikofunikira kudzudzula dzina lake. Chifukwa chake, Zhanna akadatsimikizira kulumikizana ndi Mdyerekezi pamaso pa khola la ku France. Kuti muchite izi, kukhudzika kwa tchalitchi kunayitanidwa kwa anthu wamba. Anakhala pohre a sosrene, yemwe kale Biscoopo Bove. Kuti muchite bwino kwambiri pa Namwali wachingerezi wolonjezedwa a Archbishop Roun.
Kuyambira pa Disembala 1431, Zhanna adamangidwa ku Rule - malo a ku Britain ku France. Panali khothi. Munafunika kuweruza namwali kuti afe, kutsimikizira kulumikizana ndi Mdierekezi. Mwakutero, mosapita patsogolo anathandiza wotsutsayo, pofotokozera zochita ndi ubale ndi zauzimu. Ndipo mfumu kapena kupulumutsidwa Orleans kapena magulu omenyana sanapulumuke kwa Mpulumutsi. Yekhayo amene anathamangira mothandizidwa ndi Zhanna D'Ark, - - Grat Gerles de Ree, pambuyo pake adaphedwa.
Kumaso kwa St. Wen's Aby, Zhanna adasaina pepala loti ndi olankhula ndi Mdyerekezi. Oweruza adaganiza zozindikira chinyengo powerenga chikalata china. Adawululira ma forge pambuyo pake, pokonzanso zondifera. Kukambirana kwamilanduko kunali kuwerenga kwake kuti: "Chilangocho pakuyaka pamoto kuli moyo." Jeanne mpaka imfa itafa ikafa modekha komanso molimba mtima. "Mawu" analonjeza anamwali omwe adzapulumutsidwe mu Meyi 1431.
Kukonzanso Zhanna D'Ark kunachitika zaka 25, kumasulidwa kwa France kuchokera ku Ngval okhala ku Chingerezi.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo Wanu Zanna D'ark amasiyidwa. Kamodzi m'gulu la namwali wazaka 16, namwali wa Orleansai anamwalira pamoto zaka 19.Kukumbuka
Masiku ano, kukumbukira kwa orleans sikufa kufa m'matumbo, makanema ndi mabuku. Tchalitchi cha Katolika chimakondwerera tsiku la St. Jeanne D'Ark chaka chilichonse pa Meyi 30. French imakondwerera chaka chilichonse Meyi 8, Jeanne D'Lear. Ku Paris, chipilalacho kwa namwali patchire golide ndi ku Paris. Zojambula 100 zoperekedwa ku Orleans Narnigin amawomberedwa.
Wopepuka ndi wotchuka kwambiri ndi Lusen ". Mbiri ya Zhanna D'and "Lirla Yovovich potsogolera. Chikondwerero cha ngwazi za ku France chikufotokozedwa m'buku la Mark Twein "Jeanne D'lingu".
Ntchito Zina
- Zanna-Mkazi (filimu, 1917)
- "Jeanne D'chombo pamoto" (1954)
- "Konzani Zhanna D'and '(filimu, 1962)
- "Yambani" (filimu, 1970)
- "Mtumiki. Mbiri ya Zhanna D'and "(filimu, 1999)
- Jeanne D'Lirk (kanema, 1999)
- "Chete chete" (filimu, 2011)
- "Woyera John" (Bernard Shook)
- "Orleans Bregin" (ndakatulo ya Voltaire)
- "Orleansian Virgo" (Fritrich Schiller Tsoka)