Chiphunzitso
Mu 42, adakhala wachichepere wa Soviet Union. Baron Peter Worgel adatchulapo Peter Tukachevsky m'mafanizo, akunena kuti "amasowa yekha Napoleon waku Russia." Pambuyo pake, a Joseph Stalin adagwirizana ndi mkwiyo, kuyitanitsa buku lankhondo la Aabitil.
Chidziwitso cha Marshal Tukhakevsky amakhalabe otsutsana kwambiri pakati pa atsogoleri ankhondo a Soviet. Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa malingaliro kumakulirapo kwambiri kotero kuti kuyendayenda kopondera komanso kokonzanso kumatchedwa luso la pakati pa anthu wamba, pomwe mkanganowo ukukhutira mu zochitika.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Womenyera nkhondo yamtsogolo adabadwa m'nyengo ya 1893 mu chigawo cha skelekk, m'banjamo mwininyumba aleksandrovskoe. Abambo - Wogulitsa Nikolai anghakevsky ndiye mwana wamwamuna yekhayo wamasiye komanso wolemekezeka. Mnyamatayo wachinyamata ananyalanyaza kutalika kwa tsankho ndipo anakwatirana ndi kukongola kwa anthu am'miyala - urrellahosh. Muukwati, ana 9 adabadwa, anayi a iwo - ana. Mikhal adawonekera wachitatu. Anaphunzira koyamba dipuloma ndipo amawerenga masikuwo.
Pankhani ya chiyambi, olemba mbiri ya Tukachev sanabwere kwa munthu wamba wamba. Mkuluyo amatchedwa Indris Indris, yomwe idatumiza chiyambi cha General Genstoy. Ofufuza ena amayankha funso la fuko la Marshal, akuloza mizu ya ku Poland. Mkangano wachitatu womwe Mikhal Tukhakevsky ndi Myuda yemwe adachokera ku Chipolishi. Umboni wolembedwa ulibe mtundu.
Wolamulira Wam'tsogolo Kuyambira mwana anaonetsa maluso ambiri. Mnyamatayo anakula luso komanso nyimbo, anakhutitsa homuweki ndipo anaphunzira kusewera vayolini. Koma koposa zonse, Mikhail akufuna kuti apite kumapazi a msuweni-General ndikukana kutchuka kwa asitikali.
Mu wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa kalasi yachinayi kafukufuku yemwe sanaphunzire popanda kulimbikira - gawo lapamwamba linali "anayi" m'chifalansa. Mnyamatayo anayang'ana maphunzirowo ndipo anagwira "zobongo". Woyang'anira masewera olimbitsa thupi, amene amadziwa zofuna zofuna za wophunzirayo kuti akhale gulu lankhondo. Wotsogolera adalongosola molakwika kuti pasukulu yankhondo sinatenge.
Peza masewera olimbitsa thupi Mikhal Tukhachevsky adamaliza maphunziro awo ndi ulemu ndikulowa likulu la Cadet Corps. Pokhala wophunzira wabwino kwambiri, posakhalitsa anasamukira ku Alexander ya Sukulu ya Alexander. Mu 1914, mnyamatayo adachoka makoma a mabungwe ophunzitsa, pokhala m'tatu mwa omaliza maphunziro amphamvu kwambiri. Asitikali Biography Ackhackevsky adayamba m'malonda a Semenov gulu, komwe adachita ku Sumpectus kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse.
Nkhondo
M'chilimwe cha 1914, Mikhag Tukhachevsky adasankha mkulu waukulu. Muudindo uno, achinyamatawa omwe anachita nawo nawo nkhondo ndi Ajeremani ndi aku Austria kumadzulo. Mnyamatayo anasonyeza kufuna kukhala zaka 30: kufuna ndi kufunitsitsa kusuntha mwachangu masitepe owonjezereka. Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, Michael adalandira malangizo kasanu.
M'nyengo yozizira ya 1915, Mikhakul Tukhachevsky adagwira pakati pa tawuni ya Pomphiri. Usiku, asitikali aku Germany adawononga kampaniyo, Tukhakevsky idapulumuka chozizwitsa ndikugwidwa.
Pambuyo poyesera kuthawa ndende idanyamulidwira ku msasa wa indolstadt, pomwe othawa adasungidwa. Apa Mikhael adakumana ndi Purezidenti wamtsogolo wa France ndi Charlay De Garler. Thambo lachisanu mu Seputembara 1917 lidachita bwino. Mu Okutobala, othawathawa abwerera kwawo. Mikhakul Tukhachevsky adalembetsa ku Semenovsky gulu lamphesa.
Kusintha
Mu gulu lofiira, Mikhail Tukhachevsky adalowa modzipereka. M'ngululu ya 1918 adapatsidwa ntchito ku Dipatimenti yankhondo ya Ady of Russia. Atalowa nawo magulu akomkomchere, a Tukhavsky adatumidwa kuti ateteze likulu, kusankha wankhondo.
Chaka chamawa, anthu akunja a gulu lankhondo 5 lolowera narc levky. Mikhal Tukachevsky anatsogolera msonkhano wotsutsana ndi mphamvu ya Alexander Kolland koloko, pomwepo limodzi ndi gulu lankhondo linagonjetsedwa kumwera kwa Russia, komwe iye anapitiliza kulondola azungu. Pamapeto pa nyengo yozizira ya 1920, Mikhal Tukhakevsky anasamukira ku Kuba. Mahatchi ake adalowa kumbuyo kwa mdani, Denikinian adamwalira, adakankhidwira kunyanja yakuda.
Pansi pa nkhondo yapachiweniweni, Tukhavskyky adatsogozedwa ndi gulu lankhondo la 7 ndipo mu Marichi 1921 adayendetsa chipolowe ku Kronstadt. Akuluakulu ankhondo atatumizidwa kuti akapangitse kupanduka kwa kupanduka kwa nyama za Tabov, komwe apthachevsksks, omwe ali ndi mikhachat aphachevsky, pomwe, koyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito mipata kuti apange mdani. Anzathuwo adazindikira nkhanza za munthu wankhondo, yemwe adalamulira kuti awombera osewera popanda kuzengedwa mlandu.
Kankhondo ya Bolsheviks mu nkhondo ya Soviet-Poviet idalephera: kubuka kuwunikira, pokumana ndi kukana kwamphamvu. Poyamba, kulimba mtima kwa mkulu wina wazaka 27 kunadzetsa kupambana, koma atatha kukwezedwa kokomera, Mikhac Tukhakevsky adapitilira mphamvu. Pansi parsaw, gulu lake lankhondo linathyola Yuzef Pillidsky. Kugonjetsedwa mu opareshoni Tukhakevsky adakumbukiridwa mu 1937.
Mu nkhondo ya Soviet-Poviet, Polish, a Joseph Sland adatenga nawo mbali. Pambuyo kugonja, Stalin ndi Tukhakevsky adaimbidwa mlandu wogonja. Kukhala mtsogoleri wa phwando mu 1929, Stalin sanaiwale mabungwe a Mikhail Tukhakevsky. Atakweza zipembedzo zake, adalinganiza zachiwawa. Koma kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1930, a Joseph Viissarsovich anali asanachiritsidwe osagwirizana ndi anzawowo, motero mtsogoleri wachichepere wankhondo adapulumuka.
Mikhail Tukhachevsky sanalembe mabuku amodzi pa chiphunzitso cha nkhondo. Mu 1931, "Red Bonaborte" wofiyira "wotsogolera kusinthitsa kukonzanso gulu lankhondo, koma malingaliro a Mikail Nikolas sanathandizire stalin. Kuyambira kwa Mikhacha Tukachevsky mu Artiltor Kuyang'anira Kusagwirizana: Mitundu yayikulu idagwiritsidwa ntchito pa manja osakhala manja osakhalapo. Monga chitsanzo ndi mfuti ya nyenyezi ya Semi-Jenem.
Mu 1935, Mikhail Tukhachevsky idayamba kusokonekera kwa USSR, koma mitambo idaphulika pamutu pake. Mphamvu ya Stalin yolimba, utsogoleri wake mu WCP (b) sanatsutsidwenso. Mu Disembala 1934, kuphedwa ku Leingrad, Sergei Kirov adayamba mantha. Kumayambiriro kwa 1936 Tukuchevsky, yemwe ndi nthumwi ya Soviet, adayendera London, pamaliro a King George V.
Moyo Wanu
Kukonda Music Mikhal Tukhakevsky kudutsa moyo wake wonse. Kuyambira 1925, anali abwenzi ndi Dmitry shstatakovich. Wopanga anali kuyendera marshal. Cha m'ma 1930, kutsutsidwa kwa Sovietland kugwera pa Opera shostath ", dona Macbeth MTSEnsky County", Tukhakevsky idateteza woimbayo. Kutsogolo kwanu, Marshal sanachite zopambana kuposa kunkhondo. Akazi ankakonda kwambiri munthu wokongola, wokhala ndi mphamvu zosakwanira komanso zowoneka bwino.
Mkazi woyamba wa Mikhac Tukachevsky adakhala mwana wamkazi wa Pentewayman Mariatiev. Anakumana ndi mpirawo m'bwalo lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chikhulupiriro chosweka chimayesedwa kwa nthawi: Cams Red "yomwe idamaliza, idadutsa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, idatembenuka nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Ku Prenz, komwe Masha anali kumudikirira, Mikha Tukhakevsky adafika ndi mkulu wa gulu lankhondo. Monga Atate, Mikhail adakwatirana ndi mtsikana wopanda chiyambi.
Mkaziyo adapita limodzi ndi njira za mwamuna wake, kuthandiza Michael panthawi zovuta komanso kuvutika mosalekeza. Cholakwika chake chinali kuthandiza abale ku njala yanjala. Masha, podziwa kuti mkazi wa mtsogoleri wamkulu wankhondo sangayerekeze kusiya, adayendetsa zogulitsa zawo ndi Peni.
Pamene nefatatnons zikadziwika za "kakhalidwe kosayenera" kwa mkazi wa Tukhavsky mu Refane, Mikul NikolayEvich adanenanso kuti Mary athetsa banja. Mkaziyo adadzipha. Wobadwa wazaka 27 wa mkaziyo sanabwere, atalamulira kuti azoloweretse maboma.
Mtsogoleri wachiwiri wachikondi adakumana mu 1920, kugwa. Pambuyo polephera kwa ntchito ya Soviet-Poland, Tukhakevskyky ikufunika. Analandira kuchokera ku chipinda cha thonje, omwe nyumba ya pafupi ndi isilenky yapeza. Nkhope ya zaka 16 (Lidiya) inali ndi chiyambi chokongola. M'nyengo yozizira ya 1921, Mikhal Tukhachevsky adapereka msungwana ndi mtima kwa mtsikanayo. Amalume am'kakamiza kuti achinyamata akadachitika mu mpingo. Wofiira wofiira anavomera, ndipo ukwati wachinsinsi unachitika.
Kulowa tchalitchichi, omwe angolowa kumenewo adawona omen - bokosilo ndi munthu wakufa. Chaka chotsatira, munthu woyembekezera adalengeza kuti akubwerera kwa abale ake. Lika adamva za mbuye wake wa mwamuna wake, Tatiana Cronolusskayaskaya. Mikhail sanafune kugawana ndi mkazi wake, koma mkaziyo sanamukhululukire. Pambuyo pa chisudzulo, adakwatirana. Mwana wamkazi wobadwa Ilina adamwalira ndi diphtheria kuyambira ali wakhanda.
Ndili ndi mkazi wachitatu, Marshal adakumana ku ssulensk. Krasavits Yozhnik Nina Grinevich idakhala mayi ophunzira. Mwana wamkazi wa Svetlana anabadwa muukwati. Koma moyo wabanja wa ku Tukhakev wa a Tukhakev sanatero: Marshal adachita zatsopano ndi mnzake wa mkazi wake - Julia Kuzmin. Mwana wamkazi wamkulu wotchedwa nawonso Svetlana.
Kumangidwa ndi mlandu
Pakapita nthawi pachiwawa ndi mdani wa nthawi yayitali Tukhavsky Stalin adadikirira mu 1937. Marshal adamasulidwa ku positi ya chitetezo cha chitetezo ndikusamutsira udindo wa boma la asitikali la Volga. Ku KuIBSShev, komwe Mikha Tukhakevskykykykykykykykykykykykykykyks atasamukira ndi banja lake, amayembekezeredwa, amasanthula ndi kuneneza ndi kuneneza chiwembu chotsutsa cha boma.
Mu Meyi 1937, Tukhakevsky idaperekedwa ku likulu. Nkvd, NkvD, yemwe adatsogolera Nikola, adakwaniritsa chizindikiritso cha Marshal poti anali kazitape wa Germany ndi ku Bukharin kuti akonze chikonzero chomenya. Pambuyo pake, kuperewera kwa NKVD Exxander Orlov komwe kumatanthauza kuti Marshal anali ndi zikalata zachifumu zachifumu pakusaka, Stalin, mogwirizana, mogwirizana ndi iye. Orlov adakangana kuti tukhavsky adatenga gawo, koma mkulu wina anali patsogolo pake ndikuwonongedwa.
Malinga ndi mtundu wina, wolemba mbiri yakale waku Britain adayika chigamulo cha Robert, atsogoleri a Nazi apadera a Nazi ndi Heydrich adapanga zikalata zabodza zokhudzana ndi Thhakevsky ndi Wehrmacht motsutsana ndi Stalin. Chabodza chidagwa m'manja mwa Stalin ndipo adasuntha. Zitafika ku Soviet Union, zidapezeka kuti mapepala pa "Chiwembu" Marshal Mikhakevsky adapanga chilengedwe cha Stalin, chabodza kwa heydrich.
Imfa
Mu June 1937, mlandu wa milandu ya Soviet Union Tuakhavsky ndi akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu omwe amadziwika kuti ndi msonkhano wotsekedwa wa gulu lankhondo lankhondo. Otsutsidwawo sanapereke ovomerezeka ndipo sanalole kupempha chiweruzirochi. Usiku wa June 11 mpaka 12, omutsutsawo adadziwika kuti ndi olakwa ndikuwombera. Adayikidwa m'manda ambiri pamtunda wa kumapiri a likulu.
Kuwonetsero kwamiyapa kunapangitsa banja lonse la Marshal. Mkazi ndi Abale Mikhail Tukhakevsky adawombera. Mwana wamkazi ndi alongo atatu adatumizidwa ku Gulag. Amayi a Maurus Petrovna adamwalira mu ulalo.
Kukonzanso Marshal Tukhakevsky pambuyo pa kukonzekera kwa Khrushchev. Roma wokhudza tsoka la mtsogoleri wa adalemba Boris Sokolov. M'buku la "Mikhail Tukhakevsky: Moyo ndi Imfa wa" Marshari Ofiira ", wolembayo sanathe kuzengereza .
Zosangalatsa
- Mu unyamata, Mikhal Tukuchevsky adapangana nthawi yake pasukulu ya Junkers ya Doldefelm. Mtsogoleri amene anali wankhanza. Atatu ophunzira mkalasi chifukwa cha msilikali wa fedofebel tukhakevsky adabweretsa gawo la moyo - adadziwombera.
- Mu 1915, tukhakevsky idagwidwa. Malinga ndi malamulo osakwanira, ngati mkuluyo ali mu ukapolo adapereka mawu olemekezeka osayang'ana mipata yopulumukira, adalandira ufulu wambiri ndipo amatha kuyenda. Tukhakevsky idapereka mawu, koma pakuyenda. Zochita zake zidakwiya komanso pakati pa Ajeremani, ndipo pakati pa akapolo aku Russia. Anapempha kuti apereke chilolezo chokwanira ku lamulo la Chijenga la Chijeremani kuti analibe ulemu kulemekeza munthu wa anghachevsksky.
- Mu Marichi 1918, atalowa nawo phwandolo, Tukhakevsky adapereka ntchito yake yoletsa Chikhristu ndi chitsitsimutso cha chikunja.
- Lev Trotsky wotchedwa Tukhavskyky "Hide Revolutions". Tukhakevsky sanazindikire olamulira. Anasiyanitsidwa ndi nkhanza kwambiri m'malamulo ake pa anthu wamba, amapanga misasa yozunzirako anthu, pangozi za anthu ndi mpweya.
- Stalin wotchedwa Tukhakevsky "ofiira ofiira". Mapulani apadziko lonse lapansi a Mikayyevich mu 1927 pakutulutsidwa kwa akasinja zikwi zokwana 50-100 pachaka sizinali zopanda pake, komanso zowopsa zamakampani. Tukhakevsky adapereka theka adayamba kulipira akasinja. Komanso, "ankhondo ofiira" adaperekedwa kuti apange ndege pafupifupi 40,000 pachaka.