Chiphunzitso
Mavesi ake anathandiza ma leiched kuti apulumuke mu mzinda wotsekedwayo koma osataya ulemu waumunthu. Anthu akumwalira chifukwa cha kutopa kunamvetsera kwakumapeto kwa malo oyambira "pa mbale zakuda" za kubereka ndi kulimbitsa chikhulupiriro kuti chikhale chigonjetso. Liwu la Olga Bergoltz inatchedwa chinsinsi chopambana, ndipo poentess - "Blocade Madonna" ndi malo osungira mzinda wokhala ndi mzinda wozungulira.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Poetess adabadwa m'chigawo cha 1910 mumzinda womwe uli pa Neva. Olga, kapena LARAL, monga nzika yake - Mwana woyamba wa maphunziro a Derptiyunity, dokotala wa opaleshoni Fyopoper Chroptholts, yemwe amatero Ajeremani. MAM OLLGA - Maria Tofeevna asiti, ophunzira, "Kuyambira kale." Muukwati, atsikana awiri adabadwa - alga (Riwaya) ndi Maria (Musya). Timasamala za ana ndi nyumba mayi wina adathandiza nanny komanso molamulira.
Banja limakhala m'nyumba yakale ku malo ogulitsira a Nevsky. Kusintha ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni kumakoka Dr. Bergroltz kuchokera mumtendere - dokotala wa padokotala adapita kutsogolo. Njala ndi chiwonongeko zinapangitsa kuti banja lisiye Petro ndikusamukira ku UGLICH. Bergyltsyy idakhazikika m'chipinda chozizira, mukatenga foni ya amonke kale. Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, umphawi, rulya ndi mayi ndi amayi anapeza nthawi yankhondo. Ku UGLIIB, Bergotts amapita kusukulu. Wochokera ku Uglich kupita ku Petrograd adatenga abambo abwerera kutsogolo.
Ana aakazi a Maria Timotemoevna adabweretsa atsikana a turgenev: adasewera ntchito za malo apamwamba, kuwerenga ndakatulo. Zikadakhala kuti sanasinthe, Lilya ndi Sonya kukhala wodabwitsa, ophunzira a namwali wosadziwika. Koma malamulo ndi mapangidwe amaitanitsa nthawi yosinthira. Ndidathandizira kuti kuleredwa kwa ana ndi FOhodor Christfovich, wosakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu omwe adatenga atsikana kuti chipembedzo ndi tsankho, ndipo nthiti zokhulupirira ndi zotsogola.
Kuwonongeka kwa chikumbumtima cha olga Berghults mwachangu: mtsikanayo adapita kusukulu ya ogwira ntchito 117, wazaka 14 adayamba upainiya komanso wotsogolera pulojekiti. Kenako adalemba ndakatulo yoyamba yotchedwa "apainiya".
Mu 15, mtsikanayo anabwera ku kalabu yogwira ntchito, komwe katswiri walemba "anasintha" anapangidwa. Achinyamata ndi achinyamata, olimbitsa thupi, amakumana ndi matra. Eduard Collritsky, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Joseph Itki, adabwera ku kalabu. Masters a liwu la ndakatulo adagawana zomwe adakumana nazo, kumvetsera kwa achinyamata achinyamata, adapereka upangiri.
Malembo
Mavesi oyamba a Olga Feggolts wazaka 14 adawonekera mu 1925 mu nkhani ya fakitale ya fakitore. Ndipo mu 15, nyuzipepala ya Soviet kwa ana ndi achinyamata kuti "zisumbu za Leninist" zidasindikizidwa mu mizere 15 yozungulira "nyimbo za chikwangwani".
Kutamandidwa koyamba mwa talente yolemba ya olga Berggrolz kunamveka kuchokera mkamwa mwa matra, Kornea Chukovsky. Pa ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya "Kusintha", loonda "olga adalemba" Drufb Duff "- imodzi mwa zolemba zoyambirira za Copyright. Mizu ya Ivanovich, yakumbatira mtsikanayo ndi mapewa, anamukwiyitsa tsogolo lalikulu.
Koma zolengedwa zolengedwa za alga bergrtz adayamba mwachangu monga momwe ndimafunira. Mu 1920 Achinyamata omwe ali ndi ndakatulo yoyaka, ma hacks, ovala chimphepo cha Khaki chinali chokwanira. Mabeggolts osiyana pang'ono pa ogwira nawo ntchito, ulemerero unazungulira nkhope yake. Mu 1926, olga, limodzi ndi dokotala waluso kuchokera ku "Sharis ', Boris Kornilov, mwachikondi popanda kukumbukira, adayamba kuphunzira maphunziro a mbiri yakale. Atatseka, banjali linapita kukachita zachiwerewere ku Yunivesite ya Leningrad.
Chiyeso cha Pre-Diploma chisanabwerere ku Vladikavkaz. Wophunzira dzulo amasilira Caucasus, akumva kudzoza kodabwitsa. Anapita ku Olia, adapita kukamanga malo omanga mapiri, amayenda m'mapiri ndipo, osatopa, ndakatulo zolembedwa - zopanda mphamvu.
Miyezi iwiri ndi theka pambuyo pake, Bank Gungy Bank of Olga Bergrolts zimalemedwa m'mabuku atatu omwe adatumiza nyuzipepala yomwe idatulutsa nyuzipepala ". Mtolankhaniyo adasweka ndi msewu wa asitikali ku mzinda wa mzinda ndi m'midzi yochokera ku Vladikavkaz ku Tiflis. Ntchito ya nyuzipepala yathandiza Norghulz kuti aphunzire moyo, kuphunzira anthu, kupanga mawonekedwe adziko lonse lapansi. Mtolankhani wachinyamata yemwe anakondana ndi Caucasus, yemwe adakonzekera kubwerera kumbali izi kumapeto kwa yunivesite.
Cholinga china cholamulidwa mwanjira ina: atalandira diploma, Olga Bergolts adapita ku Kazakhstan. Anagwira ntchito yolemba nyuzipepala ya "Soviet Steppe", ndi mwamuna wachiwiri a Nikolai Molchanov amakhala m'malo ovuta, koma anali wokondwa. Olga adalemba zolemba, nkhani, nkhani. Kutolere ndakatulo koyamba kwa ana otchedwa "nthawi yozizira-irot" kunatuluka.
Olga Bergolts abwerera ku Leingrad mu 1931 ndikukhazikika mu nyundo ya fakitale ya fakitalessila. Mu 1935, buku la ndakatulo lidatuluka, limatchedwa JET - "Lyrics". Maberghults adalandira mgwirizano wa olemba. Koma nthawi imeneyi ya wolembayo idalembedwa ndi zochitika zazitali.
Pambuyo pa kuphedwa kwa Sergey Kirov, "kuyeretsa" kunayamba ku likulu lakumpoto. Chapakati pa 1937, apulosi a Soviet adaika "adani a anthu" gulu la olemba, kuphatikizaponso mwamuna wakale wa Boris Korndilov. Bergolts yolumikizirana ndi wolemba ndakatulo yemwe sanachotsedwe kwa olemba. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, mtolankhaniyo adachotsedwa ntchito. Anakhazikika kusukulu, komwe anaphunzitsa Chirasha ndi mabuku kwa ana.
Mu Januwale 1938, kutanthauzira "pa zopinga za opatula" adasindikizidwa, omwe adalola Olga Bergrolz kuti akhale ndi chiyembekezo. Pambuyo ponena za wolemba, adabwezeretsedwanso kuntchito, kumayambiriro kwa m'dzinja kunatenga ku fakitale ya fakitale, m'malo akale. Mwamuna wakale wa Boris Kornilov adawomberedwa (kukonzanso mu 1957).
Zotsatira zake, ma brolts "mabere" owopsa kwambiri: kumapeto kwa 1938, olga adamangidwa, ndikuyimbira gulu la zigawenga, omwe adalowa nawo andrei zhdanov ndi clement voorhilov. Pofunsidwa, mayi wametedwa, adataya mwana. Kuchokera ku Bergolts, kuvomerezedwa kumamenya, adawopseza chowombera.
Thandizo linachokera kwa amene olga Bergolts sanayembekezere: adathandizira kutuluka mu shy Alexander Fbedev. M'nkhani ya wolemba, panali zolowa zokhudzana ndi umboni wokakamizidwa. Mwamuna wanga Nikolai Molchanov adathandizira zomwe zidachitika. Koma Nkhondo Yapamwamba Yapamwamba idaletsa chisangalalo cha banja.
Nkhondo
Abambo Olga Berggrolts adapita kutsogolo, ngakhale anali wolumala. Mu Januwale 1942, khunyu lidakulitsidwa ndi Molchanova, adagwera kuchipatala ndipo pa Januware 29 adamwalira. Chapakatikati pa 1942, bambo a Olgalgrolts amatchedwa kuti chinthu chowopsa (chifukwa chake chinali dzina lachijeremani) ndikutumiza ku Krasnoyarsk. Mabwenzi odziwika adapezeka, abwenzi amawoloka ku Moscow, kupulumutsa moyo. Mkazi wabwerera m'miyezi iwiri. Amagwira ntchito pa wailesi, mawu ake a olemba a Eganadi adayamba kukhala mbadwa.
Wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wa wayilesi, yemwe adanenanso za kulimba mtima kwa a Lengbadians, Pambuyo pa nkhondo yomwe adalowamo "akutero Leningrad". Mu "ndakatulo ya Leningrad" Bergolts pamaso pa owerenga ikubwera chithunzi cha mzinda wozungulira. Ili ndi limodzi mwa magawo angapo angapo omwe amagwira ntchito yobowoleza, kuboola kwambiri. Pansi pa cholembera cha Olga Fedorovna m'zaka zoyipazi, ndakatulo "zolemba za February" komanso "kukumbukira za otetezedwa" adabadwa.
Nkhondo itatha, Bergolts adalemba buku la "Masiku Asanathe" - Ma diary ofotokoza zanzeru. Pomaliza, dzikolo linayamikira olemba, anagwedeza olga matcalts ndi mendulo. Koma mnyumba yayikulu inali yosangalatsa komanso mutu wa "Leinngrad Madonna". Poets yotchuka yosemedwa pa Chikumbutso cha Zizindikiro:
Palibe amene adzaiwalika ndipo palibe chomwe chingaiwale. "Koma zovuta m'moyo wa olga Berggrolts sizinayime pambuyo popambana. Ubwenzi wokhala ndi Anna Akhmatova anaimbidwa mlandu wolankhula, buku "limatero Leingrad" wogwira ntchito ku Maibulale. M'nyengo yozizira ya 1948, kunalibe bambo potsatira. Mavuto azomwe adakumana nazo adakhudza psyche ya azimayi omwe abvulazidwa ndi mavuto: Bergolts adagunda chipatala kuti chipatala chipatala.
Atachoka kuchipatala Olga Fedorovna adalemba ma sewerolo, omwe adayikidwa m'maowo a Leningrad. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950 ku Moscow, mzati wa voliyumu awiri adatuluka. Zolemba za Bergolts pambuyo pa imfa ya wolemba kulandidwa ku Mbiri Yapadera. Lofalitsidwa munjira zitatu za ntchito mu 1990. Mwa iwo, olga Fedorovna mwankhanza adamenya mwankhanza mphamvu zomwe zidapereka nsembe zowawa za anthu pankhondo. Tepi yolemba "Tikadatha kusiya tsoka la" Blocade Madonna ".
Moyo Wanu
Chimwemwe chomwe anamwetsa ndi Olga Bergotz nthawi zambiri. Kukonda Achinyamata Kwaluso kwa Aluso Boris Cornilov Kumatha Kugawana: matenda a mwamuna wake adakulirakulira kumwa mowa. Kugawana ndi kuyanjananso ndi olga. Mwamuna wanyamuka, akusiya mwana wamkazi wa Irina. Nthawi yotsiriza inkawona imfa ya Cornilov isanathe. Kenako Olga Bergrulz adakwatirana kachiwiri. Nikolai Molchanov adadzakhala bambo wamkulu m'moyo wake, adakhululukiranso mabukuwo ndikulambira mkazi wake.
Muukwati ndi molchanov, mwana wamkazi wachiwiri adabadwa - Amaya. Chaka chotsatira, mu 1932, mtsikanayo anamwalira. M'zaka 4, mwana wamkazi woyamba wa Ira anamwalira, womwe unali ndi matenda a mtima. Onse omwe ali ndi pakati pambuyo potsatira bergroltz adasokonezedwa. NTHAWI yotsiriza mayiyo adataya mwana m'mabenchi a NKVD.
Chimwemwe chachikazi chinamwetulira pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ku "Blocade Madonna" atamwalira ndi Nikolai Molchanova. Wogwira ntchito wa wayilesi a Georngy McKenko adasamalira Olga, pomwe iye, akumva njala ndi chisoni, adataya chidwi chofuna kumoyo. Pambuyo pake, chikondi chomaliza cha Olga adatsanulira mu mavesi, ndikuyitanira "Indian Chilimwe". Masana ndi ma Ritin Harm. George adachoka ku Olga, mzimayi wina adawonekera m'moyo wake. Mpaka pomwe adamwalira patebulo lausiku, Olga Bergolts adayima chithunzi cha mwamuna wachiwiri - Nikolai Molchanova.
Imfa
Olga Bergroltz sanakhale Novembala 13, 1975. Museum ya magazi Leningrad idayamba 65.
Ndinaiyika pomwe sanaphunzitse komwe amaphunzitsa - pa manda a pikicarevskykyks, pakati pa anzanga omwe adamwalira m'Gani. Olga Bergolts manda - pa manda a nkhanda, panjira zenizeni. Chipilala chidakhazikitsidwa zaka 30, mu 2005.
Dzinalo la wolemba linatchedwa Street ku United Stang. Wina wavala dzina la Bergghults pakati pa UGLIIch.
M'bali
- 1935 - "Lyrics"
- 1944 - "Diary Leingrad"
- 1946 - "akutero Leinrad"
- 1960 - "nyenyezi za tsiku"
- 1967 - Ntchito zosankhidwa mu mavoliyumu 2
- 1967 - "nyenyezi za tsiku"
- 1970 - "Kukhulupirika"