Chiphunzitso
Jean-Pentelist Pente - French Coumeged Zaka Zaka za XVII, Mlengi wa nthabwala zomwe zakhala zotchuka pansi pa bwaloli la Putaud Poliere. PEnteri woti a Jean anabadwa pa Januware 15, 1622, ku likulu la France - Paris.
Mutu wa banja, Jean Pente, ndipo osewera onse a Santa anali okhazikika. Poona kuti bambo wa wolemba adadzigulira udindo wa wolumikizira wachifumu ndi mfumu yopanga misonkhano, iye analibe zovuta ndi zachuma. Amayi, Marie Cress, adamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu mu unyamata wake.
A Jen aja adawona izi polowa m'malo mwanyumba yake, ndipo adakwaniritsa mfumuyo kuti imuteteze. Popeza izi sizinkafuna maphunziro apadera, a Jean, kwa zaka khumi ndi zinayi sanaphunzire kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Komabe, agogo ake aamunawo anapatsidwa kwa a Clermoce College.
Panthawiyo inali bungwe labwino kwambiri la maphunziro ku Paris, m'zilankhulo zakale zomwe zidaphunzitsidwa, sayansi yachilengedwe, nzeru, komanso mabuku a Latin. Kudziwa kumeneku kwa Woyambitsa Nthame "kunali kokwanira kuti awerengere zoyandama komanso kutanthauzira ndakatulo ndikupanga ndakatulo ya ndakatulo lucretia" pazinthu za zinthu ".
Analandira chinsinsi cha mphunzitsi yemwe ali ndi ufulu wokayikira. Kuchokera pa mbiriyo ya wolemba, zimadziwika kuti m'moyo wake umapezekanso nawo m'maganizo ake olankhula kukhothi ngati loya. Zotsatira zake, kapena woweruza kapena wolamulira moliere adayamba.
Pokana maufulu ochokera panja ndipo adatenga gawo kuchokera kwa cholowa cha mayi, adapita kukafuna kukhala wochita zachinyengo ndipo adayamba kuphunzira njira yachinyengo. Nthawi yomweyo, zisudzo zidatha kuchokera ku zigawo za mumsewu pazochitika zapamwamba, zomwe zidakhala zosangalatsa kuti zisakhale zosangalatsa komanso ziphunzitso za ambulofi a acriscocrat mokomera mabuku.
Malembo
Pamodzi ndi ochita sewero angapo, Jean-pobatiza adalenga zisudzo zake, zomwe sizikupambana, zotchedwa "Wanzeru", adadzitengera okhaokha ndikuyamba kuyesera yekha maudindo opweteka. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti "zisudzo zamiyala" zidalipo kwa nthawi yayitali, osakonzekera mpikisano ndi akavalo a paristary. Atsogoleri okhwima okhwima kwambiri limodzi ndi Moliere adaganiza zoyesa chisangalalo m'chigawochi.
Pazaka zapachaka makumi atatu France France (164-1658), osungunula kuchokera ku mavuto a Wordian, chifukwa anali akufalitse magwiridwe ake. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunika kosinthitsa ma retertoire kumakakamiza cholojekiti kuti atenge cholembera kuti alembe ma sewerolo. Chifukwa chake, a Jean-Baption, omwe adalakalaka akusewera otchulidwa omwe akuchita, adakhudzidwa ndi chojambula.
Sewero loyambirira la moliere linakhala "zoseketsa zoseketsa", zokhala mu Paris mu Novembala 1659. Kupambana kunali konyansa komanso kochititsa chidwi. Kenako kunabweranso nyimbo "Sukulu ya Amuna" (zaka 1661) - momwe mungaphunzitse atsikana achichepere, ndi ntchito ya "sukulu ya Akazi" (1662). Zolemba zotsatirazi ndi "tartuf, kapena wachinyengo" (1664), "wotero Juan," kapena Wachisoni "(1665) ndi Miyala (1665) ndi Mistsroprop (1666) - amawerengedwa kuti ndi nthano za Moliere.
Mu chithunzi cha omwe akutchulidwa, njira zitatu za dziko lapansi - zosadziwika zimatchulidwa: Svyatosh Tartuf, yemwe amakhulupirira kuti machimo a DOG; omwe akuvutitsa kumwamba ndi kumwalira Pansi pa unyolo wa mwindiwo wa mwala, wotalikirapo, osazindikira zitsimikiziro zake ndi zofooka zake.
Nyimbo zonsezi zitatu zomwe zidapangitsa kuti wolemba alembe, adabwera chifukwa cha moyo wawo. "Tartuf" pambuyo pazinthu zoyambirira zinali zoletsedwa kuti okhulupilira adawona ziwopsezo za chinyengo chachipembedzo cha tartuf.
Amadziwika kuti bisbishopu ya Paris idawopseza zotuluka kutchalitchi kuti zitheke kukhala ndi nthabwala, ndipo ansembe angapo ndipo adalandira mafuko olembedwa kumoto. Ngakhale Mfumuyo imatha kusokoneza nkhani imeneyi, osankha molakwika molakwika. Nyimbo sizinawonekere pazaka zisanu mpaka zikhazikike zidasinthidwa pang'ono.
"Asmanopa" Omvera sanavomereze. Ku Alsesta, omvera adawona mawonekedwe achisoni a Mzimu wa wolemba yemweyo, yemwe adakonzedwa ndi ngwazi yayikulu. Zifukwa za izi zinali. Pa nthawiyo nthawi imeneyo kunabwera gulu lakuda m'moyo. Popanda kukhala ndi moyo ndi chaka, mwana wake anamwalira, ndipo ndi Armanda, yemwe adalowa m'mabwato a zisudzo komanso woyamba kuchita bwino komanso wopambana, mikangano idayamba.
"Don Juan" adalembedwa ndi Jean-Jean atatha "tartuf" kudyetsa homba, koma nkhani yosasangalatsa idamuchitikira. Pambuyo pa nyenyezi khumi ndi zisanu, ngakhale pali chochita bwino pagulu la anthu, kusewera mosayembekezereka kunatha pa siteji.
Tartuf, moliere adachititsa chidwi kuchokera ku dongosolo la aJesuis ndipo mwina, nanga pano sinawonongeke popanda kulowererapo. Mfumu yoti ipulumutse bwalo la moliere, linamukweza muudindo, ndikupereka dzina la "ochita za mfumu", ndipo holuki idayamba kulipira ndalama mosungiramo ndalama.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kupangidwa kwa Oliere (komwe kumatchedwa "Zanzeru") zinali zomveka bwino za chilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe chake, chomwe chabuluchi chimatchedwa "chokongola nthawi imeneyo kuphwanya chikhalidwe.
Maboma onse a Moliere adatsala pang'ono kulembedwa pa nthawi ya zikondwerero za khothi - princess elida (1664), "a Mr.)," Okonda zabwino "(1669).
Zolengedwa zina ndi zamtundu wa nthambo za nyumba za banja, monga "Georges Danden, kapena mwamunayo", "snupond", "Snuase." Ntchito Zaposachedwa Kwambiri za Moliere - "Motomirn muzotchuka" (1670) ndi "wodwala wodwala" (1673) amalembedwa ngati maluso olingalira.
Moyo Wanu
Mkazi woyamba ndi yekhayo anakhala mlongo wake wa mbuye wake wakale yemwe anali kunena kwa velerar - armand, yemwe anali wocheperapo kuposa wosewerera. Zilankhulo zoyipa zimatinso mlongo, koma mwana wamkazi wa gulu lankhondo, koma mwana wamkazi wa ku Dentleine, ndipo adatsutsa "chiwerewere" cha a Jean-Batista, omwe adatenga mkazi wa mwana wake.
Malinga ndi mawu ofala a nthawi ya anthu a nthawi, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kwa omwe amalemba mtundu wa nthabwala, Moliere anali wokonda kubala, mosavuta nthawi zambiri ankachita nsanje ndi osankhidwa. Amadziwika kuti ukwati woyambitsa ntchito ya mongonism atayamba kale kulowa kale, ndi armand anali wachichepere, wokongola komanso waung'ono.
Mwa zina, nkhani yosavuta iyi idakulitsidwa ndi miseche ndi malingaliro adzidzidzi. Chilichonse chiyika kutha kwa mfumu. Louis Xiv, yemwe nthawi imeneyo anali mchikondi ndi Louiselle Louise Louise de lavalo, ndipo motero wowolowa manja ndi wamtali m'maso mwake.
Kuledzera kunayamba kutetezedwa ndi kusewera kwa voludodimmam ndipo kuwonjezera apo, kuwonjezera apo, kuphatikiza, kukhala kholo la oyamba kubadwa ndi Armanda, komwe kunali kwakukulu kuposa lamulo lililonse loti atumwiwo. Amadziwika kuti mwana wa wolemba adamwalira pachaka atabadwa.
Imfa
Maudindo Akuluwa pamachitidwe a zisudzo za High Couppe Haliere amakonda kuchita, osawakhulupirira ndi ochita ena. Patsiku lake lomaliza la moyo wake, February 17, 1673, a Jean-a Jean nawonso adapitanso ku nthawi yachinayi kuti akasewere. Kulondola panthawi yomwe seweroli, seweroli lakhala loipa. Achibalewo adasamukira kutsokomola kunyumba ya wolemba, komwe adamwalira maola angapo.
Amadziwika kuti birishop ya Paris yoyamba kuletsa Horon moliere yoyamba, popeza wojambulayo anali wochimwa wamkulu ndipo amayenera kulapa asanamwalire. Konzani mkhalidwe wa King Louis XIV.
Mlandu wa Somenagraphy wa Sominegraphy unayamba usiku. Manda anali kumbuyo kwa mpanda wamanda a Church of St. Joseph, komwe miyambo ya odzipha komanso ana osasinthika adayikidwa. Pambuyo pake, mabwinja a Jean-Batiti Moliere adatsitsidwa ndi dzenje lalikulu komanso pom. Cholowa cha cholengedwa cha woyambitsa matenda amtundu wa nthabwala chimasungidwa m'mabuku omwe ali ndi msonkhano wa ntchito zake zabwino.
Mu 2007, Tiractor Tirar adachotsa filimuyo "Moliere", kutengera nkhani yomwe nkhani ya moyo wa Jean-Batista imayang'anira. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ntchito zoterezi za wolemba, ngati "tarth", "sukulu", "sukulu ya" sukulu ya "Don Juan," yapadera. "
Mu Seputembala 2017, primere, maloto a a Mr. Delo Moliere "adachitikira ku Lenk Speat pa Seat mikhatov" Amadziwika kuti a Jean-Batista adasewera ASTOR iGkisterbanov.
M'bali
- 1636 - "" LED "
- 1660 - "Sgarel, kapena Cuccorn"
- 1662 - "Sukulu ya Akazi"
- 1664 - "Tartuf, kapena wachinyengo"
- 1665 - "Duan Juan, kapena mwala wa mwala"
- 1666 - "Mishanth"
- 1666 - "George Denden, kapena Mwamuna Wopusitsidwa"
- 1669 - "Mr. De Trepniak"
- 1670 - "Ambiri mwa olemekezeka"
- 1671 - "Zisindikizo za SNAPEIN"
- 1673 - "MNAMY Wodwala"