Chiphunzitso
Lazar Moiseevich Kaganovich adakhala malo apadera pakati pa ziwonetsero zazikuluzikulu za nthawi yobertastist. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kodabwitsa chifukwa chakuti "kunali m'modzi mwa Ayuda awiri kapena atatu a kolumikizana kwambiri, omwe adapulumuka ndikupulumuka valissimus pa nthawi yotsutsa. Olemba mbiri yakale amalumikizana ndi pomwe Kaganovich adataya abale ndi abwenzi, zomwe zidapulumutsa moyo wake.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mnzako wa Joseph Vissarsovich anabadwa mu 1893 m'mudzi wa Karana Kintricle, mwa ana ambiri (ana 13) banja lachiyuda. Mpaka chikondwerero cha 18, abale 7 a Mose Gerkkovich Kaganovich anali ndi moyo.
Lazar Kaganovich adatsimikiza kuti adabadwira mbanja, adakulira pansi pa nyumba ya nyumba, pomwe ana asanu ndi awiri "adagona m'masitolo." Abambo ankagwira ntchito pa chomera chosachicha, chopeza ndalama. Koma wolemba mbiri Roy Meddev amatsimikizira kuti lalavit kusintha kwa Lukavit. Malinga ndi chidziwitso chake, Kaganovich-SR. Ng'ombe zosewerera, zogulitsidwa Kiev kupha kwa Kiev ndipo anali wolemera.
Mbiri wakale sakunena za Isabella Allen feldman. Amatinso kuti Atate, Taganrog Komersant, adatsogolera kwa Mose Gerhkovich, nthawi imeneyo wamalonda wa gulu loyamba. Malinga ndi zidziwitso zosagwirizana, bambo wa "zitsulo" zodziwika bwino kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse chifukwa cha zomwe sizinachite bwino ndi asitikali.
Maphunziro a Lazar Kaganovich adalandira mofatsa: Kumaliza maphunziro awo kuchokera m'masamba awiri m'matola, adapita kukachoka m'mudzi wapafupi. Koma ali ndi zaka 14, mnyamatayo anagwira ntchito ku Kiev. Anagwira ntchito m'mafakitale, kenako anakhazikika pa fakitale ya nsapato, kuchokera komwe anapatsira ntchito zojambulazo. Kuyambira ntchito yomaliza - Lazar anali wolemera pa mphero - adagwidwa ndi anzanga khumi kuti ayesere ku chionetsero.
Mu 1905, kasupe wamkulu wa Kaganovichi adalowa m'magulu a Bolsheviks - Mikhail. Pambuyo pazaka 6, Lazar Kaganovich adakhala membala wa phwandolo.
Kusintha
Mu 2014, shoemker wachichepere adayamba membala wa komiti ya Bolshevik ku Kiev, wachinyamata wakhazikika ndipo amapangidwa maselo. Pansi pa nsalu yotchinga 1917 ku Yuzovka (Donetsk), Kaganovich adasankhidwa ndi wamkulu wa Komiti ya chipani cham'deralo ndikukhomera kuti alowe m'mutu wa olamulira a Yuzovsky.
Chimodzimodzi mu 1917 Lazaro Kaganovich. Wopeka bwino komanso wokamba nkhani wamoto adakhala munthu wowonekera ku Saratoov. Anamangidwa, koma Lazar adalowa m'khola la Gomel, ndikulowera komiti ya Bolshevik. Mu Gomel, Revolutery ya zaka 24 idakumana ndi zochitika za Okutobala.
Lazar Kaganovich adakweza zophukira zankhondo, zomwe zidavekedwa bwino. Kuchokera ku Gomel Kaganovich adasamukira ku Petrograd, komwe adasankhidwa kukhala mlembi wa Komiti yayikulu ya RCP (B).
Mu 1925, pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Lenin ndi kumenyedwa kodabwitsa, Lazari adalumikizana ndi Joseph Stalin, "adathokoza" Commentines Wokhulupirika ku Komiti ya CP (B) ya Ukraine. Zaka zitatu, Kaganovich anali mtsogoleri wachipani cha Republic komanso molimba mtima adatsogolera ndondomeko ya Stalinist kuchokera pazigawo ziwiri: Uvulation ndi nkhondo yolimbana ndi dziko la "Borty-Bourgeois."
Chifukwa cha opemphetsa - Lazaro Kaganovich amaimbidwa mlandu wogwira ntchito molimbika kuti athane ndi dziko la Stekali mu 1928 mu 1928 adatengedwa kupita ku Moscow.
Mu likulu la mlembi wamkulu amene Kaganovich ankakonda, anathandiza mnzakeyo kuti atulutse komiti ya mzindawu ndikulandila umembala wa pasalburori. Lazaru Kaganovich omwe adapatsa mphamvu zambiri: kupatula makampani ogawika agaral ndikutola, adayang'anira ntchito yomanganso likulu.
"Uluta" Kaganovich itanani chiwonongeko cha Khristu wa Khristu Mpulumutsi. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, Lazar Moieevich adalimbikitsa kumanga nyumba ya Asoviefe sikuli pamalopo a kachisi, koma pamtanda.
Zoyenera za "Curetor" ya likulu itayitanitsa kumanga kwa metro. Lazar Kaganovich adatsogolera ntchitozo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzina lake likhale lotchedwa dzina.
Zowopsa kwambiri za m'ma 1930s, komwe Lazar Kaganovich ikukhudzidwa, banga lakuda limagona pamwati. Siginecha Yake ili pansi pa mndandanda wa "kuganizira" za "zomwe sizinatsutse" oyeretsa "a phwandolo. Kaganovich adavomereza kuti "opemphetsa" omwe adachitika "koma adanenanso nthawi ndi zochitika.
Mchimwene wachiwiri wa "Steel" Commissioner - Mikhail Kaganovich, narca ya makampani opanga ndege ndi narca. Sanadikire kuti kumangidwa kwake - kudziwombera yekha.
Kuyambira mu 1935 mpaka 1944 (ndi zopunthwitsa) Lazar Kaganovich adachita njira zolankhulirana. Kukhala m'nthawi yamiyendo ya Stentain ya "Mbuye wa misewu" yofunika kudzipha: Makampani omwe akutukuka kumene amafunikira kugwira ntchito, ngati wotchi, kulumikizana njanji.
Koma Kaganovich anali ndi ravy yopanga talente ndipo adakwanitsa kukwaniritsa ndikupitilira mapulani ochepetsedwa. Ku Moscow Kratodo, a Crayissar adapanga gulu loyamba la njanji padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe ndi lothandiza lero.
Kuyesedwa kwa wokalambayo kunali nkhondo yayikulu kwambiri yodzikonda. Chisokonezo ndi chisokonezo cha zaka zankhondo zoyambirira zakhudza komanso njira zolumikizirana. Kutulutsa mabizinesi kumbuyo komweko, kum'mawa, kunali kopambana, ndipo iyi ndi yoyenera ya Kaganovich Lazaro. Chifukwa chake, kusunthidwa kuchokera kuzomwezo mu kasupe wa 1942 kunazindikiridwa ndi kudyedwa mwachangu, ndipo Kaganovich anapitilizabe kusamalira malonda.
M'nyengo yozizira ya 1943, mnzake wa Generalsissimus adalandira mutu wa ngwazi ya Sociast, koma kenako chifukwa cha Lazaro Kaganovich adayamba ntchito ya dzuwa. Chomwe ndimakonda kupita ku mithunzi, Stalin sanamuone pakati pa olowa m'malo. Koma mu 1953, m'moyo wa Kaganovich, nthawi yotsatira kuti kukwera kunali kuchitika: Iye adakhala mtsogoleri woyamba wa khonsolo. Mphatso yotereyi idaperekedwa kwa iye Nikita Khwashchev ndi Georgy Flennnkov kwa mgwirizano wotsutsana ndi chiwindi cha Lavrentia.
Koma mu 1957, a Khrushchev anayika mfundo mu ntchito ya Kaganovich: Ndinagonjetsedwa ndi "gulu lotsutsa-molotova-manankov-Kaganovich-Kaganovich". Koma nthawi zasintha, otsutsa sanawomberedwe, koma atumizidwa kumtendere. Mu 1961 Nikita Nikita Sergeevich adakwaniritsa chochita kwa wotsutsa kuchokera kuphwandolo.
Lazar Kaganovich ndiye mboni yomaliza ya nthawi yakale. Adakhala mpaka kudzutsa, koma dzina lake nthawi zonse "anatha" m'matolankhani, natcha mnzake wa Satray ndikumanamizira. Kaganovich amapewa kulankhulana ndi atolankhani, sanalole kuyankhulana ndipo sanalungamitse. Kwa zaka 30 zapitazi za moyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane ndi mankhwalawa zidatsekedwa ndikulemba buku la zokumbukira.
Lazaro Kaganovich mu phwando sanabwezeretse, koma penshoni yanu sinasankhidwe. Wachipatala wakaleyu sanadandaule ndikusiya malingaliro a unyamata.
Moyo Wanu
Mkazi wa Lazaro Kaganovich anali mkazi wake, komanso mnzake. Maria Dokovna Lelovkaya adalumikizana ndi magulu a Rsdlp mu 1909. Anagwira ntchito m'magulu azamalonda, anasankhidwa ku nduna ya Moovet, atsogozedwa ndi nyumba za ana.
A Truuro adakumana ndi Lazar Moisevich, atagwira ntchito ngati wozunza. Anakwatirana ndipo ankakhala limodzi mpaka kufa a Mariya mu 1961. Out mu 68 wazaka 68, Kaganovich sanakwatiranenso.
Okwatiranawo anali mwana wamkazi wa Maya, yemwe adakonzekera zaka 6 atamwalira buku la abambo ake, dzina lake "Zosaiwalika".
M'banja la Kaganovich, mwana amene Yuri wakula, yemwe akatswiri ena a moyo wa Stalin akumutcha kuti mwana wowonjezereka, wobadwa mchimwene wake wa Lazar Kaganovich - Rakele adakwera.
Imfa
Mukapuma pantchito, mnzake wa stalkinsk amakhala mnyumba pampando wa frombedment.Lazar Kaganovich anamwalira zaka 97. Sanakhale ndi moyo kuti agwetse USSR kwa miyezi 5 - anamwalira pa Julayi 25, 1991. Anaikidwa pamakona oyamba a mzindawo, pafupi ndi mkazi wa Maria Kagonovich.
Mu 2017, zolemba zazolemba za mafilimu onena za utsogoleri wadziko lonse lapansi kuchokera mu 1917 mpaka 1953 idabwera ku zowonera. Adakumbukira tepi ndi Lazar Kaganovich.
Kukumbuka
- Mu 1938, dzina la Kaganovich limatchedwa dera la Kaganovic la Pavlodar dera la Pavlodar, koma pambuyo pa 1957 adasinthidwa Ermakovsky.
- Maphunziro otchuka ankhondo adatchedwa Lazaro Kaganovich.
- Mu 1938-1943, mzinda wa Poptasna Lugansk dera umatchedwa L. M. Kaganovich.
- Kudera la Kiev, ma ssrs aku Ukraine anali malo, dzina lake Kaganovichi koyamba (mu 1934) dzina lamakono la Policekoe), ndi Kaganovichi Lachiwiri (malo obadwira Lazaros Kaganovich).
- Mu Chigawo cha Oktykyky chigawo cha Amile, pali likulu la mudzi wa Ekatetoslavka, malo akale "Kaganovichi".
- Dzinalo L. M. Kaganovich anali mu 1935-1955, Moscow Metro, Buku ya Moscow ndi Kupanga gawo loyamba la Komiti Yoyambirira ya WCP (B).
- Ku Novobibsk, Kaganovichsky tsopano amatchedwa njanji ya mzindawo.
- Ku Dnepropetrovsk, Institute of Ship Oversion Otchedwa L. M. Kaganovich.
- Mu 1957, dzina la Kaganovich linachotsedwa ku zinthu zonse zotchulidwa muulemu wake.