Chiphunzitso
M'modzi mwa olemba mabuku aku Germany a m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi mawu a Erich. Bukuli, lomwe linafa, zomwe zinakhala zopanda moyo, zinali zotayika "- nthawi ya khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu pamene zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, anyamata aja analowa kutsogolo, ndipo iwo anakakamizidwa kupha. Pakapita nthawi ndinakhala cholinga chachikulu komanso lingaliro lopanga wolemba.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Erich Maria Refearik adabadwa pa June 22, 1898 mumzinda wa Osnabruck (Ufumu wa Germany). Bambo wa wolemba adagwira ntchito yokhotakhota, choncho nyumba ya boma nthawi zonse inali yodzaza mabuku ambiri. Kuyambira ndili mwana, chipongwe chaching'ono chinachita chidwi ndi mabuku. Makamaka achichepere adakopa ntchito ya Fhodor DOstoevsky, Johann Goethe ndi Marseille Proust.
Kuchokera pa bideograph ya aluso, zimadziwika kuti ndili mwana, Remarik anali wokonda nyimbo, ankakonda kujambula, kutolera agulugufe, miyala ndi mtundu. Ndi bambo wa ubalewo adatambasulidwa chifukwa cha malingaliro osiyanasiyana pamoyo. Erich atapeza zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, mayi anamwalira ndi khansa, yemwe wolemba anali ndi nthawi zonse, amalankhulana.
Erich Maria adaphunzira ku sukulu ya tchalitchi, kumapeto kwa mnyamatayo adalowa seminale ya Katolika. Kenako adatsata zaka zophunzirira ku senal Seveleary. Pamenepo wolemba anali membala wa zozungulira, momwe anapeza abwenzi ndi anthu okonda anthu.
Mu 1916, mawu adapita kutsogolo. Chaka chotsatira, adalandira kuvulala asanu ndipo anali kuchipatala china chilichonse. Pobwerera m'mphepete mwa mbadwa za bambo ake Erich adapangana ofesiyo, momwe adagwirira ntchito nyimbo, penti ndipo adalemba. Panali pano kuti mu 1920 ntchito yake yoyamba idapangidwa - "Loto Pogona".
Pachaka chonse, Erich anaphunzitsa ku sukulu yakomweko, koma pambuyo pake anakana ntchito imeneyi. Wolembayo adasintha ntchito yambiri asanayambe kupeza zolemba. Chifukwa chake nthawi zosiyanasiyana ankagwira ntchito yowerengera ndalama, mphunzitsi, ndipo ngakhale ndimatandamo miyendo.
Mu 1922, ndemanga zamusiyira Osnabruck ndikupita ku Hannover. Pamenepo anagwiritsa ntchito m'magazini ya magazini 'a Echo Interntals "momwe analembera zinenedwe kwa miyezi ingapo, zolemba za pierraen ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana.
Amadziwika kuti Erich adasindikizidwanso m'magazini ena. Chifukwa chake gwiranani m'buku la "Masewera amenewo Blow" adatsegula chitseko ku World World. Mu 1925, mtolankhani yemweyo wodziphunzitsa adapita ku Berlin kukhala mkonzi wa mafanizo a magazini ino.
Mu 1926, imodzi mwa magaziniwo idatulutsa "kuyambira nthawi zosakhudzana ndi achinyamata" ndi "mkazi wokhala ndi maso a golide." Ichi chinali chiyambi cha njira yolenga. Kuyambira pomwe sanasiye kulemba, ndikupanga Zapamwamba zatsopano.
Malembo
Mu 1928, buku "la buku" limayima patali "linasindikizidwa. Malinga ndi mnzake wolemba, linali buku lonena za ma radiators ndi akazi okongola. Patatha chaka chimodzi, kuwalako kunawona kuti bukuli "kumadzulo chopanda kusintha." Ndemanga pa izi zinafotokoza zowopsa zonse komanso kuvutitsa kwa nkhondoyo kudzera mwa mnyamata wazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi.
Ntchitoyi idasamutsidwa ku zilankhulo makumi atatu ndi zisanu, zidaperekedwa ka makumi anayi. Ku Germany, bukuli linapanga gwero la dorser (makope miliyoni lomwe linadutsa chaka). Mu 1930s, ntchitoyo idachotsedwa ndi filimuyo.
The 1931th idadziwika ndi kulowako m'kuwala kwa buku "kubwerera", kuuza ana asukulu dzulo omwe adabwerako kunkhondo. Patatha zaka zisanu, buku "lanyumba zitatu" limapezeka pamashelefu. Idasindikizidwa pa Danish ndi Chingerezi.
Mu 1938, ndemanga zinayamba kugwira ntchito ya "chikondi chapakati chake" chomwe chinamalizidwa mu 1939. Kenako magazini ya Akede adayamba kusindikiza wolemba.
Mu Meyi 1946, buku la "Triumpl Bingul" lidatuluka ku Germany, ndipo pakati pa chilimwe, ndemanga zomwe zidamaliza maphunziro awo ku ntchito ya "moyo wa" moyo ". Chaka chotsatira, choyambirira cha filimu yatsopano chinachitika mu nkhaniyo "mbali inayo" (chithunzicho chimatchedwa "chikondi china").
The 1950s idakhala chaka cha kuswa kwa maubale ndi Natisha Pale (Brown) atatha zaka khumi misonkhano yosatha, mikangano ndi kuyanjananso. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito inayamba pa bukuli "ladzikolo lolonjezedwa kuti" ("mithunzi yamithunzi") ndi "obelissk wakuda".
Mu 1954, buku lankhondo la Arti-Nkhondo Kukhala Ndi Moyo Ndi Kumwalira "Mu 1959 Mu 1959 Mu 1959 Mu Jomburg Journan, ndipo mu 1962, buku lina la bukulo" Lisbon "anawonekera pamashelefu.
Moyo Wanu
Mu 1925, ndemanga za Berlin. Kumeneko, mwana wamkazi wa wofalitsa wa magazini yotchuka anakhala mchikondi, momwe amagwirira. Zowona, makolo a mtsikanayo aletsa ukwati wawo, ngakhale wolemba adalandira malo olemba m'bukuli.
Posakhalitsa, Erich adakwatirana ndi ovina Ilzet, ukwati womwe udakhalapo kwa zaka zinayi. Bolshaya, mayi wachichepere wocheperako adakhala purototype wa ngwazi zingapo, kuphatikizapo pat kuchokera ku "Magulu atatu".
Kenako mtolankhani wa ku Metropolitan adachita ngati akufuna kuiwala zakale, zomwe adavala, nthawi zambiri amayendetsa makonsati, ma statents, amagula mutu wa baron ku Alent Astocrat.
Mu Januwale 1933, usiku womwe wafika kwa Adolf Hitler kupita ku mphamvu, mzanga adalangiza wolemba posachedwa kuti achoke mumzinda. Nthawi yomweyo anakhala m'galimoto, ndipo anali chiani, anapita ku Switzerland. M'chaka chomwecho, a Nazi adapereka bukuli "chakumadzulo kwakumadzulo popanda kusintha" ndi mababu okwirira anthu, ndipo wolemba wake adalandidwa nzika za ku Germany.
Mu 1938, wolemba adapanga mbiri yabwino. Pofuna kuthandiza mkazi wanu, kutuluka ku Germany ndikumupatsa mwayi wokhala ku Switzerland, adanenanso za ukwati womwe umathetsedwa mu 1957.
Mzimayi wofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wa wolembayo adakhala kanema wotchuka wa Marlene Dietrich, yemwe ndi prototype ya ngwazi ya buku "- joan Madu. Anasilira ndemanga, napitanso ku Germany ndipo kuyambira 1930, adazijambula bwino ku United States. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa chikhalidwe chovomerezeka, Marlene sanathetse ukoma.
Nkhani yawo idazunzidwa chifukwa cholemba. Ku France, Marlene adafika ndi mwana wamkazi wachinyamata, mwamuna ndi mkazi wa mnzake. Adatinso ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe adanenanso za PANa, a Chabibits ndi onse awiri. M'maso mwa ndemangazo, adalumikizananso ndi lesbian wolemera kuchokera ku America.
Chifukwa cha misala yake yopanda malire, Erich anali wokonzeka kukhululuka wojambula, kuyambira moyo kuchokera papepala loyera. Pamene a Geinius a Geinius adapempha Marlene kuti akwatiwe, mayiyo adauza Phiri la KAvalera za kuchotsa mimbayo. Abambo a mwana anali a Jimmy Stewart, yemwe amapanga zachikondi zaufulu adazijambula mufilimuyo "kuchititsanso chishalo."
Pafupifupi nthawi ya nthawi itazindikira kuti ndemangayo itanyamula zopereka ku America (kuphatikizapo ntchito 22 ya Cezanne), Marlene akufuna kuti atenge chithunzi chimodzi monga tsiku lobadwa. Pambuyo pakuchititsa manyazi kwambiri, mawuwo anali ndi mzimu wokwanira kuti ayankhe motsutsa.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ku Hollywood wolemba sanamve ku bandwidth. Ndalama zake zinali zabwino kwambiri. Anasangalala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikizaponso greta. Zowona, kununkhira kosavuta kwa filimu ya filtolitis kudakhumudwitsa. Anthu ankawoneka kuti abodza komanso opita patsogolo kwa iye.
Pomaliza, kuluka ndi Marlene, adasamukira ku New York. Apa mu 1945 chinsinsi chopambana chimamalizidwa. Atakhala m'maganizo a mlongoyo, anayamba kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ya "moyo wa" moyo "wodzipereka. Linali buku loyamba lonena za zomwe iye sanakumane nazo - za msasa wozunzirako kwa Nazi.
Mu 1951, ku New York, wolemba adathawa chaka, omwe panthawiyo anali ndi zaka 40. Makolo ake kuchokera kwa bolodi amachokera ku alimi aku America, osamukira ku England, ndipo ndi makolo ake anali Ayuda.
Mu 1957, motero amasudzula mwalamulo ndi uyutta, kulipira $ 25,000 ndikusankha zomwe zili $ 800 pamwezi. Mawu otsatira ndi Mulungu a Mulungu adalemba mwalamulo ubale.
Imfa
Kumbukirani kukhala nyengo ziwiri zomaliza ndi ndege ku Roma. M'chilimwe cha m'ma 1970, wolembayo anakananso mtima, ndipo adayikidwa kuchipatala ku Losarno. Pamenepo, wolemba anamwalira pa Seputembara 25 wa chaka chomwecho. Manda a Mlengi wa ntchito ya "moyo wa moyo" umapezeka pa manda a Swiss ku Ronco.
Amadziwika kuti pa tsikulo maliro a mkazi wakale adatumiza banja lokhala ndi maluwa, koma Mulungu sanawayike m'bokosi.
Zaka 5 zoyambirira zitamwalira mwamuna wake, kuthawa kunali kokha kuchita zinthu, zofalitsa, kugona. Mu 1975, anali kudwala kwambiri. Chotupa chomwe chimatupa pachifuwa chidachotsedwa kwambiri (panali nthiti zingapo), ndipo mkazi adatupa.
Wolemba wokondedwayo adakhala zaka zina 15, koma izi zidakhala zaka zachisoni. Kuuluka kwakhala kwachilendo, kopanda pake ndikutenga mankhwala ochuluka. Panthawi yovutayi, mayiyo adapereka $ 20 miliyoni. New York University, kenako adayamba kugulitsa zokambirana zomwe ananena.
Amadziwikanso kuti mkazi wakale wa Charles arles acles anayesera mobwerezabwereza kudzipha. Mwini nyumbayo ku New York, m'mene adachotsa nyumbayo, sanafune kuti azikhala malo achimowa ndikumupempha kuti apite ku Switzerland.
Pa Epulo 23, 1990, ndege zinafuna kuti zipatse malonda a bukulog yomwe zodzikongoletsera zake zidagulitsidwa patsikuli. Ogulitsa adabweretsa $ 1 miliyoni, ndi maola atatu atamaliza maphunziro, mlembiyo adamwalira. Ndinaika mphoto ya Nominee Oscar pafupi ndi mwamuna wake ku Switzern Ronko.
M'bali
- 1920 - "Loto Pogona"
- 1924 - "Gem"
- 1927 - "station pamwamba"
- 1929 - "kumadzulo chakumadzulo popanda kusintha"
- 1931 - "Bwererani"
- 1936 - "Atatu Atatu"
- 1941 - "Konda Mnzanu"
- 1945 - "Truampl Arch
- 1952 - "Tizikhala"
- 1954 - "Nthawi Yokhala ndi Nthawi Yokhala Ndi Imfa"
- 1956 - "obelisk wakuda"
- 1959 - "Kubwereketsa Moyo"
- 1962 - "Usiku ku Lisbon"