Chiphunzitso
Mdani wa boma lakale ndi chikominisi, woteteza Chitetezo cha Democratic, omwe adamenya nkhondo yadziko lonse, wolemba uyu adakhala m'modzi mwa anthu otsutsana kwambiri a nthawi yake. Atakonza zachiwerewere kumenyedwa pagulu, komwe kunafunafuna, iyemwini adalemba za mlendo mdziko lino lapansi ndi nthawi.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Eric Arthur Blair (Wopanga Pseud Courge Orget) adabadwira mumzinda wa Motihari (Bihar, India) pa Juni 25, 1903. Abambo a Erica anali mkulu ku dipatimentiyi, yomwe idawongolera kupanga ndikusungirako za opium. Za mayi wa wolemba zam'tsogolo wolemba zolemba zachete. Malinga ndi nthawi ya anthu, mnyamatayo anakulira mu banja lolandila: Ndili ndiubwana, anamvera chisoni mtsikanayo kwa banja losauka, koma amayi ake sanaletse kulankhulana kwawo, ndipo mwana wake wamwamuna sanayerekeze kuti amusuntha.
Pa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu adalowa Sukulu ya Chingerezi kwa anyamata, komwe adaphunzira mpaka zaka 13. Ali ndi zaka 14, Eric adagonjetsa kuwerenga kwadzina, chifukwa cha omwe adalowa sukulu ya Britain ya anyamata - ion koleji. Nditamaliza maphunziro kusukulu, a Arthur adayamba kugwira ntchito ku Mydwar apolisi a Myanmar (Post Burma). Kukhumudwitsidwa m'dongosolo la ndale zamakono, Blair adapita ku Europe, komwe adakhala ndikutha kugwira ntchito yaluso. Pambuyo pake, gawoli la wolemba moyo wake limaganizira ntchito zake.
Malembo
Atapotoza talente yowerengera, Blair adasamukira ku Paris ndipo adalemba mabuku. Kumeneko anafalitsa nkhani yoyamba "yomwe imapezeka ku Likha ku Paris ndi London," komwe adafotokoza zamoyo zake pamoyo ku Europe. Ku UK, wolemba ndi Thumba, ndi ku France, mbale za sopo ku Arsiantrants. Mtundu woyamba wa bukuli adatchedwa zolemba za mbale yotsuka ndikufotokozeranso moyo wa wolemba France. Komabe, wolembayo adakana kukana kwa wofalitsa, pomwe adaonjezera ma Adventunts kupita m'buku ndipo adatembenukira kunyumba ina, komwe adagona ndi kukana.
Pokhapokha ndi kuyesa kwachitatu, wofalitsa wa Vikatol Holtor anayerekezera ntchito ya Blair ndipo anavomereza zolembedwa pamanja. Mu 1933, nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa, kukhala ntchito yoyamba ntchito inanso yosadziwika. Zodabwitsa za wolemba, otsutsa adakhudzidwa ndi ntchito yake, koma owerenga sanasangalale kuti asindikize bukuli.
Wofufuza wa chikhazikitso cha Wally V.Sytheoshivin adazindikira kuti kapena kukhumudwitsidwa ndi dongosolo la anthu, adapanduka pa chitsanzo cha chithunzi cha Tolstoy. Ndipo mu 1933 wolemba ananena kuti akumva mlendo m'dziko lamakono.
Kubwerera ku England kuchokera ku Spain atavulala, anyanitse magulu a gulu la ogwira ntchito pawokha, omwe amathandizira chitukuko cha chikhalidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, kutsutsidwa kwambiri kwa ulamuliro wa Stalidist Hitalia kunawonekera mu dziko la wolemba. Nthawi yomweyo George amatulutsa ntchito yake yachiwiri - The New They "masiku ku Burma."
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ntchitoyi imafalitsidwa m'dera la United States. Buku ili limasonyezanso nthawi ina ya moyo wa wolemba, makamaka, ntchito ya apolisi. Wolemba anapitiliza nkhaniyi mu nkhanizi mu nkhani za "kuphedwa" ndi "pamene ine ndinawombera njovu".
Gawo lankhondo ku Spain m'magulu a noreolyll Marxist yofotokozedwa munkhani yodziwika ya "Memory of Catalonia". Pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, wolembayo adachita mbali ya USSR, ngakhale akukana ulamuliro wa mtsogoleri wa Soviet I.v. Stalin. Mwa njira, kutsutsa ndondomeko ya Ussr mu zolemba ndi mitundu, orwell yemwe sanayendepo Soviet Union, ndi anzeru a ku Britain ndipo amamuganizira m'maubwenzi aboma.
Pamapeto pa chibwana ndi kumasulidwa kwa Europe kuchokera ku Fascis, Orowell adalemba "Farvo pansi". Ofufuza a George akuganizira maziko a nkhaniyi. Mbali inayo, poganizira za World Worl's Sourthy Viewn, otsutsa okhawo amakangana kuti bwalo lakhumi limakana zochitika za 1917 ku Russia ndi zomwe zidamutsata. Nkhaniyi ndi yowoneka bwino komanso yolongosola yomwe malingaliro a Elite Elite akusintha pa nthawi yosinthika.
Kumbali ina, chipambano cha USSR pa Nkhondo Yadziko II, malingaliro andale a Olift asintha kwambiri, ndipo nkhaniyi ingawonetse zochitika ku UK. Ngakhale kusiyana kwa otsutsa ndi ofufuza, nkhaniyo idasindikizidwa ku Soviet Union kokha panthawi yobwezeretsa.
Zinthuzi zidakhazikitsidwa pabwalo la ng'ombe, zinthu zinali umboni womwe mboni yake idakhala wolemba. M'mudzi wa Chingerezi, George adawona mnyamatayo ndi ndodo yoyendetsa kavalo wake. Kenako anachezera koyamba kuti ngati nyama zitazindikira, angakhale ndi nthawi yayitali kuti athetse kuponderezedwa kwa munthu wofooka.
Patatha zaka zisanu, a George Orft adalemba buku lomwe linamubweretsera ulemerero wapadziko lonse. Ili ndi buku lolemba mawonekedwe a anti-inopia. Mtundu uwu unalowa m'mbuyomu, atafika ku Roma wa Aldos Huxley "pa dziko latsopano lodabwitsa". Komabe, ngati Huxley apita patsogolo, kufotokoza zochitika za m'zaka za m'ma 26 ndipo kumayang'ana mbali zonse za anthu komanso kupembedza, ndiye kuti Eroxell adzaimitsa kufotokozera kwa boma - mutu womwe adakondwerera wolemba akadali chiyambi chomwe cha njira yolenga.
Maphunziro angapo olemba zolemba adaneneza kuti ali m'maganizo a wolemba Soviet Zamatina "ife", ndipo m'chiwonetsero cha George Pali zambiri zokhudzana ndi malingaliro athu otengera malingaliro a Janine . Kale atamwalira kale pamaziko a bukuli, makanema awiri osadziwika adachotsedwa.
Kuchokera pa nthenga za kutero komwe kunakhala mawu otchuka "m'bale wamkulu akukuyang'anani". Mu buku la "1984" Mbale "wamkulu" Wolembayo amatanthauza mtsogoleri wa ulamuliro wa mtsogolo. Chiwembu cha anti-inopia chimamangidwa mozungulira mu utumiki wa pravda, zomwe mothandizidwa ndi mphindi ziwiri za udani, komanso kuyambitsa kwa Novoyas, pulogalamu. Potsutsana ndi chikondi chankhanza, chikondi chofooka chikukula pakati pa ngwazi yayikulu ya Winston ndi msungwana Julia, yemwe, komabe, sadzagonjetse boma.
Chifukwa chake wolemba wotchedwa Roma "1984", sadziwika. Gawo la otsutsa amalimbikira kuti wolembayo amakhulupirira kuti pofika 1984 Sosaite Society Angakhale ndi Fomu yofotokozedwa kuti bukuli ngati kusintha kwadziko lonse lapansi sikunachitike. Komabe, zomwe zambiri zovomerezeka ndi mtundu womwe dzina la bukuli limawonetsa chaka cholemba - 1948, koma ndi kalilole wowonetsa manambala omaliza.
Poganizira kuti Sofuvelonano yomwe ikufotokozedwayo inali kutsata boma la Usrr, bukuli linali loletsedwa ku Soviet Union, ndipo wolembayo adanenedwa kuti anali wonenepa. Ndipo pofika mu 1984, pamene njira yokonzanso idatengedwa kupita ku USRR, ntchito yoyikonzanso ndikuwonetsa kwa owerenga ngati malingaliro ndi malingaliro a malingaliro a Upangiri.
Moyo Wanu
Ngakhale kuti kusakhazikika kwathunthu kwa moyo, kapena kunatha kupeza chisangalalo chake ndikukonzekera moyo wanu. Mu 1936, wolemba wokwatiwa a Isline O'Shogneci. Panalibe ana ake kwa okwatirana, koma adatenga mnyamatayo dzina lake Richard Horatio.
Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, omwe angokwatirana adaganiza zokhala ndi nkhondo pakati pa a Spain Republic komanso woyang'anira ndale. F. FORNCO, yemwe adachirikiza boma la Italy Italy. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, wolemba adavulala kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuchipatala. Kutsogolo, kapena sanabwerere.
Mkazi wa George adamwalira mwadzidzidzi mu 1945. Kumwalira kwa munthu wina wapamtima kukayikira wolembayo, kuwonjezera mobwerezabwereza, iyemwini anali ndi mavuto azaumoyo. Chifukwa cha George yake yatsoka, anapuma pachilumba chaching'ono ndipo anangoyang'ana buku la buku, lomwe limadana ndi zaka zambiri.
Popeza wolemba ndi wosungulumwa, adauza banja la "mnzake" azimayi anayi. Ndinagwirizana ndi Sonya Braunly. Anakwatirana kumapeto kwa 1949, koma amakhala limodzi kwa miyezi itatu yokha chifukwa cha imfa yoyamba kujayi.
Imfa ya George Ordell
Malingaliro Oyerekeza M'mabukuwo - Anti-Indipia "1984", George adanenanso za kuwonongeka kwakukuru ku thanzi. M'chilimwe cha 1948, wolemba adapita kuchilumba chakutali ku Scotland, komwe adakonzekera kumaliza ntchito pa ntchitoyi.
Tsiku lililonse, orll anali olemera pantchito chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu chopita patsogolo. Kubwerera ku London, George Orfall adamwalira pa Januware 21, 1950.
M'bali
- 1933 - "mapaundi a Likha ku Paris ndi London"
- 1934 - "Masiku ku Burma"
- 1935 - "Mwana wamkazi wa Wansembe"
- 1936 - "Kukhalapo Kwambiri Kukhala Ndi Moyo Wamoyo!"
- 1937 - "Njira Yopita kwa Bert's Bert"
- 1939 - "Kuponya Mlengalenga"
- 1945 - "Nyenyezi"
- 1949 - "1984"