Chiphunzitso
Kusintha kwakukulu ku France kunayambira mu ulamuliro wa Louis XVI. Unali munthu wodzipereka, wowona mtima, koma, monga nthawi ya nthawi ya anthu akuti, yofewa komanso yopanda pake, yomwe siyinali yovomerezeka kwa wolamulirayo. Anali wokonzeka kusiya zokondera, koma sanatengepo miyeso yokhazikika ya kusintha. Kuphedwa kwake kunali kwa msonkhano wa chikhori pakati pa ufumu ndi boma latsopano.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mtsogoleri womaliza wa dongosolo lakale adabadwa pa Ogasiti 23, 1754. Anali mwana wa Dofene France Louis Ferdinand ndi mdzukulu wa Louis XV, mfumu, zaka zambiri za ulamuliro wa omwe adakumana nawo.
Pokulera ana, kalonga ndi mfumukazi sanatsatire miyambo ya bwalo. Louis Ferdinand anali paubwenzi ndi abambo ake, adatsutsa moyo wawo wamakani. Iyenso anali wopembedza ndi wopembedza. DOFan sanadikire mokwanira pampando wachifumu. Komabe, sanadikire. Anamwalira zaka zisanu ndi zinayi asana mwana wake wamwamuna asanakwane mwana wake wamwamuna, yemwe adakumana ndi zoopsa zotembenukira, adakwera pampando wachifumu.
Amayi Louis XVI - Maria Saxon, mkazi wachiwiri wa Dofena France. Mfumu yamtsogolo ikukula ndi mwana wachinyamata, atatsekedwa. Chikondi cha makolo chimayang'ana kwambiri kwa mchimwene wake wamkulu. Komabe, zomwe amakonda ku Louis ndizokongola, koma zachinyamata komanso zowonongeka - odwala ndi chifuwa chachikulu ndipo adamwalira. Mwana wamwamuna wapakati wa Dofina adalowa m'malo pa mpandowachifumu. Analemba kuti anatenga malo a m'bale wake, anali atamuthamangira zaka zambiri.
Tsogolo la Louis XVI adakhala nthawi yayitali m'mabuku. Anapitiliza kukonda kukhala pawokha komanso zaka zotukuka. Kuchita masamu tsiku lililonse, mbiriyakale, Latin. Zotsatira za makalasi kawiri pa sabata adayang'aniridwa ndi makolo awo. Kuphatikiza apo, adakopa chikhazikitso cha Louis, chilungamo, kukoma mtima. Atamwalira bamboyo, iye anakhala munthu woyamba munthawi yosintha. Komatu, ngakhale ngati agogo aamunawo sanagwiritse ntchito ulemu kwa anthuwa.
Dziko lapadziko lonse la Louis linakhazikitsidwa motsogozedwa ndi ntchito akulalikira kufanana kwa anthu. Atawerenga bukulo "Telemahs" of Phenenon. Mbiri ya mfumu, amene akukhudzidwa ndi chisangalalo, adakopeka ndi mfumu ya ku France.
Posakhalitsa mayi wa Louis anali atamwalira. Iyemwini, yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka chifuwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu, anali kudwala moyo wake wonse. Kwa kanthawi, makhothi amakhulupirira kuti sadzakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali ndikumasula malo achifumu a learcher.
Tsogolo mfumu ya France idachira. Komabe, zinali nkhani zopweteka, zopanda pake, zofooka. Olemba mbiri yakale a Louis XVI amalongosola ngati mnyamata wachichepere woseketsa wokhala ndi munthu wowonetsera bwino, mokongola kuti ndi munthu wabwino kwambiri. Ndili ndi Louis XV, Dofi adatayika, zidawoneka zowopsa.
Kupanga kwa chikhalidwe cha wolamulira wamtsogolo wa ku France unkatsogozedwa ndi chilengedwe, mabuku. Ndipo ubale wina ndi Maria Antoinetta. DOFIIN FRORT inakwatirana ndi mfumukazi ya ku Austria ali ndi zaka 16.
Bourbon ndi Habburg adamenyera nkhondo kwazaka zambiri kuti azilamulira. Pomaliza, anali atatopa ndipo anazindikira kuti cholinga chawo chopanda malire chimatsegula msewu wopita ku madilesiti atsopano. Kenako adaniwo adakumbukira kuti lingalirolo kukana nkhondo ndikukhazikitsa mtendere. Izi zitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi mgwirizano umodzi wabanja.
Ukwati wa Daufine usiku wa ku Austria anali wofunikira kwambiri. Zinali zovuta kuyerekezera gulu lomwe siligwirizana. Koma sizinavomereze zokonda ndi zokhumba za abale a mabanja achifumu. Ukwati wa Louis utatha la Louis ndi Maria-Antoinette pakati pa mivi, dziko lidalamulira.
Kuyambira Board
Mu Epulo 1774, mfumu ya France inamva kudwala. Adapita kunyumba yachifumu ya Trianon, pomwe madotolo adazindikira kuti: OPA. Malinga ndi miyambo ya khothi lachifumu, wolamulira sakuvulaza, kapena kufa kulibe chifukwa cha iwo. Anapita kunyumba yachifumu yayikulu. Pa Meyi 10, 1774, mfumuyo idamwalira. Louis XVI adanyamuka kupita kumpando wachifumu.
Pokhala Dofina France, Louis ankakhala nthawi yayitali pa kusaka. Komabe, kukhala Mfumu, kwa kanthawi ndipo anakana magulu ake okondedwa ndipo anayamba kunena zochitika zomwe sanamvetsetse. Mfumu ya zaka 20, monga bwenzi lake wachinyamata, anali ndi chikondi chachikulu cha anthu aku France.
Ataona anthu okhalamo anthu m'misewu ya Paris atamwalira, agogo ake, Louis ankamva udindo waukulu womwe wagona pamapewa ake. Nthawi ina anatsanso kuti "telemake", kenako anapempha thandizo kuchokera kwa mlembi wakale - kuwerengera nyanja. Zinali zolakwika kwambiri za mfumuyi.
Nyanja idapuma pantchito 1749. Kwa kotala la zaka zana, anali mu nyumba yachifumu. Anasonkhanitsa anthu odzikongoletsa yekha, mamembala a Nyumba yamalamulo, masterrat. Werengani Nyanja inali china chonga imvi. Komabe, sanathe kuthandiza mfumuyo kuti ithetse ntchito zingapo zovuta.
Kwa masabata oyamba pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Louis XV, ojambula, ojambula ndi omwe adalipo kale anali zovuta zambiri: Zithunzi za okwatirana odzaza anthu adayenera kupangidwa. Ndi chithunzi cha Blond Maria-Antointetti Mavuto ojambula sanabuke. Mfumukazi yatuyo inali kale yolemba mafashoni, idawerengedwa kuti ndi zitsanzo za kalembedwe. Zinali zovuta kupatsa amatsenga achifumu a Louis XVI.
Pa chithunzi chosonyeza kuyimira iyi kwa mzera wa Bourbon, mutha kuwona wolamulira wamkulu. Koma fanoli, malinga ndi mbiri yakale, imaphatikizidwa. Louis anali wamtali, wopanda phokoso. Kuyambira zaka zoyambirira, ndimakonda kudya mwamphamvu, chifukwa chake ndinali wonenepa kwambiri.
Akatswiri ojambula amayenera kutsutsa mzimu, kuwonetsa nthumwi ya mfumu yatsopano komanso pang'ono. Anachita manyazi ndi kuchita manyazi, ndipo kunalibe chilichonse chachifumu m'mawonekedwe ake. M'midzi, nthumwi ya bwalo lati:
"Anakakamizidwa ndi lupanga ndipo sanadziwe zoyenera kuchita naye."Musakonde kuti ulemu wachifumu ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi kufanana kwapanga machitidwe omwe sanatsatire ndi wolamulirayo. Louis imatha kuwonekera mu zisudzo popanda cholowa. Adalankhula mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zina mwamwano. Koma chinthu chachikulu, chosakonda makalasi achifumu. Louis XVI ankakonda bizinesi yopukutira, matope adazimiririka mu chipinda cham'mwamba.
Mfumuyo ndi yosavuta, popanda moyo wa pamoyo, imatha kufikira anthu ndikulankhula ndi anyamata. Zinayambitsa kutsutsidwa kwa khothi. Ndipo chokhwima kwambiri kuposa chitsutso cha machitidwe achiwerewere.
Ndondomeko yamkati ndi yakunja
Anthu amafalikira mofulumira mphekezo zokhudzana ndi kuwona mtima ndi zolinga zabwino za mfumu. Chinthu choyamba chomwe Louis XVI unapangidwa, wotumizidwa ku Madame Dubarry, omwe amakonda kwambiri omwe adalipo.
Mfumuyo idathetsa kuchitira chiphalamwachi, kuchotsa mwayi wachifumu, zidachepetsa mtengo wake. Anachita kusintha kwachuma, anasintha kwa magawo onse a moyo wa anthu. Mwanjira imeneyi, adathandizidwa ndi omwe akumangidwa - potriot komanso mtsogoleri wayekha.
Malingaliro atsopano sanakonde kapena atsogoleri achipembedzo. Oyimira makalasi awa amakhala mwamphamvu kuti apeze maudindo awo. Louis adayesetsa kuchepetsa nkhanza, koma sakanakhoza kumawachotsa chifukwa chodziyimira komanso chofewa. Udindo waukulu pakugwira zosintha zidaseweredwa ndi wachuma komanso wadziko la chinyengo.
Komabe, mfumu inali yovuta kukana olamulira. Trago adayenera kuchotsedwa m'bwalo, pambuyo pake panali chipongwe choterera chomwe chimalamulira pazachuma. Mbiri ya Louis inagwedeza kuwononga mfumukazi. M'nkhani za mfundo zakunja, Louis anali wanzeru kuposa agogo ake. Mwachilengedwe, anali munthu wamtendere, Mgonjetsi sinakonde ulemerero. Kumayambiriro kwa bolodi, adati:
"Sindikufuna kulowerera pankhani za mayiko ena ndikuyembekezera kuti sadzandisokoneza."Kusintha
Mu Meyi 1789, msonkhano wa General News unachitikira. Kufunika kosintha mphamvu zakale zomwe zimaganiziridwa. Nthawi zonse amasankhidwa, kuthandiza anthu, zofuna za mabwalo. Pa 14 June, chipolowe chinachitika ku likulu. Mphamvu idapita kumsonkhano waukulu, pambuyo pake morchi adakhazikika ku Paris. Falconery wakhala akupempha kuti athandize ku Austria ndi Sweden.
Kumapeto kwa June 1791, mfumu, pamodzi ndi banja lake, anali ndi kuthawa kolephera. Pambuyo pobwerera ku Paris, amayenera kukhala ndi lamulo latsopano. Kukambirana kotsatira ndi mphamvu zakunja kunatsogolera kugwetsa kwa ufumuwo.
Moyo Wanu
Pachigawo cha Louis, zovuta za chikhalidwe chapamtima nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa. Ndipo sizokhazokha. M'zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zoyambirira zaukwati, mfumuyo sinathe kukwaniritsa ntchito. Vinyo zonse, malinga ndi ofufuza, Phumonisis. Zinali zotheka kuthetsa vutoli pomwe mfumuyo itavomera.
Osati nthumwi za banja lachifumu zimadziwa za kuferedwa kwa Louis. Anakambirana ndi mabwalo oyang'anira, antchito, makapala, oyang'anira maofesi. Mfumuyo idatseka kwambiri. Sanakonde kuwonongera kwa Mary Antoinette. Koma anali osasangalatsa, adadziona kuti amachititsidwa manyazi, chifukwa chake adasatetezedwa pamaso pa mkaziyo, omwe adapempha kuti alanje nayo tsiku lililonse.
Mu 1778, mwana wamkazi anabadwira m'banja lachifumu. Maria Teresa ndiye m'modzi yekha wa ana a Louis, omwe afika wamkulu. Mwana woyamba wamwamuna anamwalira m'ndende. Chikondwerero cha mnyamata wachiwiri akadalipo. Kuphedwa kwa Louis, a Acricans adakwaniritsidwa kuchokera kwa chaka chachifumu cha Louis wa umboni wotsutsa mayi. Kenako anapatsa umphasi wopanda mwana. Adamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu, koma m'thupi Lake, madotolo adapeza kuchokera ku kumenyedwa. Mwana wachichepere wa Louis analibe ndi zaka.
Imfa
Masiku otsiriza a Louis XVI adatha kudabwitsa. Mkaidi m'nyumba yandende, tsopano anali kuonedwa ngati Mfumu ya banja lake. Zochitika za Parissia zidabwera kwa iye, koma tsopano adachitapo kanthu monga wowonera.
Khotilo lidayamba mu Disembala 1792. Mfumuyo idawonetsa chodabwitsa komanso kudzidalira. Anamvetsera mwachiweruzo. Pa Januware 21, chaka chotsatira, Louis anakwera ngati scaffflad. Mawu ake omaliza:
"TEMBEDZANI aliyense amene ali ndi mlandu wakufa."Kukumbuka
- Polemekeza Louis XVI, American City Liusville amatchulidwa.
- Ku Nante, chipilala kwa mfumu chimangidwa.
- Chithunzithunzi cha Mfumu yophedwa itaphatikizidwa mu mafilimu akuti "Maria-Antoinetta" (1938), "Rock" (2006), "(1996)," .