Mbiri Yodziwika
Pirates ndi amodzi mwa olemba achikondi kwambiri. Zinthu zomwe zidalipo ndi izi ndizotere kuti zikondwererozo zidalipo kuyambira nthawi yotumizira. Kuyesedwa kwa kuwala kumapangitsa kuti oyendayenda ndikukakamizidwa kupita ku kuba. Ku Greece wakale, mawu oti "ziletso" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pofotokoza za anthu omwe adapanga zipolowe.
M'nthawi ya zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa zombo zimachulukana, monga njira zatsopano zambiri zimawonekera. Kutchula munthu kwa zigawenga zina kunapangitsa apaulendo ndi ochita zoopsa. Mbiri ya anthu oterewa adapanga ojambula, kuphatikiza wolemba Robert Lewis Stevenson. Khalidwe la ntchito yake "Chuma IS Island" John Flint ndi ngwazi yachipembedzo, yomwe inali ndi prototype weniweni.
Mbiri Yolengedwa
Azart, maulendo oyendayenda amaphimba ma piriki a m'zaka za zana la 16, kuyambira nthawi yokweza zombo za Britain. Akuluakuluwo anathandizanso kuti azithandizana ndi zigawenga, kukonza kuwongolera m'maguluno ndikuthana ndi mayiko opikisana: France, Holland ndi Spain. Pirate Flotillas adazikidwa pachilumba cha Nyanja ya Caribbean ndipo pang'onopang'ono zidakhala zowopsa ku States. Ziwembu za nkhondo zandale zimadziwika chifukwa cha manyuzipepala, miseche ndi njinga, motero ndinakhala cholinga chokongola pamasewera a Japan.
Choyambirira Stevenson adakonzekera kutchula buku la "nyanja kok, kapena Chilumba cha Typion: Nkhani yake idapangitsa kuti anyamata akhale m'nkhaniyi. Malingaliro a Chiroma Monga masewera kwa achinyamata momwe aliyense angakwaniritsire zongopeka zake. Wolemba amawerenga zolemba m'banjamo ndipo adapanga zida, kuyang'ana ndemanga za mabanja.
Mutu wachidwi udagwera kukoma kwa ana a nthawi imeneyo. Ngwazi zantchito zosavuta: Billy Bans, John Silver, Captain Frant. Chiwembuchi chidaphatikizapo zokopa zosangalatsa, mafotokozedwe oyenda, kumenyedwa ndi mbuzi. Wolemba sanyalanyazidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zochitazo, kuchuluka kwa zochitika komanso kusintha kwa malo. Kugwirizana kwa nthawi, malo ndi zochita zimamverera zenizeni.
Wowombera stevenson adapanga mwana wamwamuna yemwe adayang'ana kunja ndipo nthawi yomweyo kale anali wotenga nawo mbali pazochitika. Adatsogolera nkhani ya munthu woyamba, kufalitsa zakukhosi ndi malingaliro onena. Mnyamatayo amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito adjening polankhula, kulankhula za zochitika, zilembo zolankhulirana ndi kulola malo ophatikizika ndi minofu yozungulira.
Protototype ya chithunzi cha kazembe wa Captain anali munthu wa m'mbuyomu yemwe adawonekera koyamba m'mabuku omwe ali patsamba la ntchito ya M. Whitehead "moyo wa akuba" moyo wa akuba. " Pierre Mc Onlan amatchula Pirarate Poyambitsira Buku "Mbiri Yapadziko Lonse Laku Frowber ndi Imfa Yotetezedwa ndi ma gorate otchuka kwambiri."
Ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti prototype wa kapuet Flint adatumikira monga Edward Tich pa ndevu zakuda. Mbiri yake ikugwira. Pirate adabadwira ku Bristol mu 1680. Wachichepere wake amazunguliridwa ndi chinsinsi, koma mphekesera, tich zimawoneka ndipo zinali ndi maphunziro, omwe amawonetsa zodabwitsa.
Malinga ndi nthano, tich wakhala akutumikira woyendetsa sitimayo pankhondo yomwe inali ku Spain. Mu 1717, adalumikizana ndi nkhanu zomwe zidamenyedwa ndi abusa, kenako zidasintha mbali ndikuyimilira. Popita nthawi, adalanda chombocho chotchedwa "kubwezera mfumukazi Anna", ndipo mbendera yakuda idawoneka ngati nyamayo. Kuyambira pamenepo, dzina la ndevu zimadziwika ndi oyendetsa sitimawo.
Pirate anali wosweka ndi chisanu. Anayesayesa kwambiri, amamwa pakhota la alendo, amapatsa aboma. Mu 1718, zombo zaku Britain zidatumizidwa ku zomwe pirate. Mu duel, tich otayika ndipo adaphedwa. Ndikufunitsitsa kuti mu Roman Stevenson akulongosola manja a Israeli. Ili ndi chikhalidwe chenicheni, pirate mu gulu lakuda la ndevu.
Chithunzi ndi chiwembu
Kaputeni, ngwazi ya buku la Nyumbo ", ikhale yokhazikika panjira ya chibisiro chake. Mwana wa wokhulupirira yemwe adatumikira lingaliro la Barbados Kargada, sanawone Atate. Pambuyo pakusintha mphamvu, abambo a Frint adalandira malo pachilumbachi, atakwatirana ndikuyamba banja. Kaputeni anali mwana wachitatu ndipo anali ndi chiyembekezo.
Amatha kukhala wothamangitsa kapena wogulitsa ngalawa, koma nkhondo yomwe si Spain idamuletsa. Mudziwo ukalandidwa ndikuwotchedwa ndi Spain Pretiatir, yemwe anapha banja lonse la chiwongola dzanja. Wachinyamatayo adatha kudikirira kuzingidwa, pomwe adadzakhala bunkanener ndipo adamenya nkhondo ku Spaniards.
Monga siliva, Flint inagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti atenge chombo. Zolinga zake zinaphatikizapo kugwidwa kwa Caravan Sharcial, kapena kuba kwa malo okhala maiko. Adatcha "morzha" adalandira kwawo. Ngakhale mbiri yodziwika bwino, Flint inali yachikondi chamtendere: idawonekera mwachifundo nyama. Pachombo chake, ziweto sizinali zosowa.
Malinga ndi chiwembucho, kazembe wa Captain adatentha chuma pachilumbachi chomwe chili ku West Indies. Manyangiri asanu ndi mmodzi adamthandiza ndipo adaphedwa, kuti chinsinsi chake sichinafalikire. Monga chikumbutso cha malo omwe Chuma chibisika, mtembowo mtembowo unachitika pachilumbachi, chomwe manja ake adaloza kukwera phirilo. Kuyeza phirilo pamapupondapo mapu. Pambuyo pake, dongosololi linapatsidwa chotseka cha sitimayo Billy bons, ndipo pambuyo pa imfa yake - Jim Hawkins.
Flint sanachite mantha ndi adani, omenyera komanso osaka amoyo. Ndi dzina la mkulu wa oweruza nyumba yemwe siliva sanamupatse mtendere. Parrot womaliza adavala dzina "Captate".
Kafukuteyo si nkhope yayikulu yochita bwino, imafotokoza mwachidule. Poona, mawonekedwe a wolemba amawonetsa mawonekedwe openya.
Kutchinga
Buku la "Chuma Consure Island" sichinawonongeke ndikuperekedwa kwa omvera ngati kafukufuku wochulukitsa. Mu 1934, opanga aku America amapereka m'buku kwa anthu, maudindo akuluakulu omwe arii ndi Otto Kruger adachitidwa.
Mu 1937, bukuli linatetezedwa ku Soviet Union. Osil Abduluv adasewera siliva, ndipo Nikolai Cherkasov - Billy Bans.
Walt Disney adayankha m'bukuli mu 1950.
Mu 1971, Boris Andreev yolumikizidwa pazenera la A Johnviet la John.
1982 analongosola kwa kanema wa Soviet, womwe umakopa omvera a ana ndi akuluakulu. Osewera ndi maudindo amasungidwa mu kukumbukira kwa omvera. Fhodor Feder Feder adasewera pa cinema a Jim Hawkins, siliva, Vladislav - Valey Mankov - ndi Valey Zolotukav
Mu 1988, anawonjezera kanema wamalonda-makanema omasulira. Mwa ochita sewero omwe akunena kuti zilembo ndi: Armen Dzhigarharhayany ndi Yuri Yavlev.
Mu 2014, owonererawo adaona kuti ali ndi filimu ya American-yayikulu "yamadzi akuda". Magwiridwe antchito a Toby Stevens ndi wochezera wapamwamba, yemwe nyanzayo imatsindika zankhondo yake. Malinga ndi woyang'anira, ngwaziyo inali yocheza, yomwe kulakalaka kwake kotchedwa Tomas Hamilton.