Chiphunzitso
Columbus wazaka za zana la makumi awiri - omwe amatchedwa woyendayenda wa ku Norway, wazakafukule, wolemba mbiri, wolemba mbiri yakale. Mu 1999, anthu adziko ankamuzindikira ndi Norway wodziwika kwambiri wazaka zana zapitazi, chifukwa wina aliyense wonena za commentit adalephera kupeza madigiri 11 a ku Europe ndi America.
Mabuku azomwe amayesa zofufuza za m'mabuku amagwira ntchito youziridwa kwa mibadwo ya mibadwo ya mibadwo ya mibadwo, ndipo zolemba za Ey-Tika adalandira "Oscar". Wosiyidwa wotchuka adayendera ngodya zonse za padziko lapansi komanso zoyeseza zidatsimikizira kuti nyanjazo sizimalumikiza, koma kulumikiza anthu.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wofufuza wamtsogolo wamtsogolo ndi nyanja zakumadzi kumwera kwa Norway adabadwa, ku Lacine wa Larvik. Mutu wa banjali unali kumera mowa pang'ono, ndipo mayi, wokonda ziphunzitso za Charles Darwan, adagwira ntchito ku Anthropology Museum. Anali iye amene anadzutsidwa mwa Mwana wake chidwi pophunzira zadziko lonse lapansi.
Mnyamatayo analowa mosangalala ndi nzeru za zoology ndipo mpaka anapeza "zoooises" yake m'chipindacho, chomwe bambo ake anayang'ana kutali ndi utawa. Chiwonetsero chachikulu cha Museum chinali Gaduk. Koma mbali yamadzi kunyanja yamtsogolo inali ndi mantha: Ndili ndiubwana ndi unyamata, udy heydedal adayang'ana kawiri pakufa kwa imfa, pafupifupi atamizidwa.
Pambuyo pake, woyendayenda adavomera kuti ali ndi zaka 17 ngakhale lingaliro loti akakhale munyanja yoyaka panyanja yanyumba yomwe idachokera ku sitima yapanyumba imamutsogolera ku mantha. Koma mu 22Yedal adapambana Mtsinje wa Wiverthy, adafika pamtunda ndipo adadziwonetsera kuti adagonjetsa chinthucho.
Mu 1933, mnyamata wazaka 19 adayamba kuphunzira ku yunivesite yakale kwambiri ya dzikolo, yomwe ili likulu. Monga momwe anakonzera, adalowa chilengedwe chachilengedwe, komwe adalowa m'dziko losangalatsa la sayansi ndi mutu wake.
Amayenda
Nditamaliza maphunziro a semesita 7 yunivesite, pitani pay Heerdda adatuluka ndi malo awiri achijeremani. Christina Brenevi annevi ndi Elmar Brock adapanga ntchito yomwe idaloledwa kufufuza zilumba za polynesian. Cholinga cha polojekiti ndikupeza momwe nyama zakulili zidapezeka pachilumbachi.
Heird, wolota uyende ndi kafukufuku wosasankhidwa, wakonzekera kalekale ulendowu. Ku yunivesite, anayandikira kwa asayansi wamba a Norway ndi wapaulendo yemwe anali atakhala zaka zingapo atakhala zilumba za Polynesia. Biverne Kuyambiranso kudalira atsogoleri a ku Taiti ndipo adatenga chuma chambiri chamisonkho.
Ulendo wofufuza kwambiri wa Imelo adaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito laibulale pomwe wasayansi wachinyamata adaphunzira kudziwa za moyo uno pachilumba chodabwitsa. Ubwenzi wokhala ndi manja, ndipo kenako ndi pulofesa kuchokera ku Berlin adapereka maziko omwe Heerdday adadzikakamiza pakufufuza kwasayansi.
Mu 1937, wasayansi yemwe ali ndi mtsikana waiv liv Liv adachoka kuzilumba za Marquis. Njira ya omaliza kumenewa idafalikira ku Marseille, kuchokera pamenepo kuwoloka banja la Atlantic ndi Panama Banja lidadutsa madzi a Pacific ndipo adapita ku cholinga chachikulu - Tahiti.
Pa chilumbachi pachilumbachi chomwe chatsopanocho chinakhazikika mnyumba ya mtsogoleri, yemwe ulendo wake wochezera ndi wamtambo wazaka 23 adagwa ngati mutu wa fuko lakale adamupatsa iye thambo lamtambo.
Ulendo womwewo unakhala ndi mkazi wake wamvetsetsa za sayansi yopulumuka popanda phindu la chitukuko, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoti zachilengedwe zidaperekedwa. Tinkaphunzira Chilumbachi Flora ndi Fauna. Patatha chaka chimodzi, wofufuzayo ananena chaputala za Biograography ya "katuro ka kabuku kakuti," Mutu wa Biography of Bible Buku, lotchedwa "kufunafuna Paradiso".
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1940, yoyendera yamayiko ankapita m'mphepete mwa British kuti aphunzire ku India. Koma Nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse idasokoneza ntchito ya wasayansi yemwe amaganiza kuti ngongole idzagwirizana ndi gulu lankhondo.
Ku Britain, Heydel adaphunzira pa radar, ndipo pamodzi ndi ankhondo otchuka, adamasula dziko ku Nazi. Kwa kulimba mtima kowonekera kunapereka mphotho, ndipo wapadera wolandiridwa adakumana ndi maulendo omwe wasayansi adapitilira nkhondo.
Mu 1946, upiru, kusanthula zida ndi kuwonera zinthu zomwe zachitika m'nkhondo. Kupita patsogolo kwambiri kwa anthu ku America, ndipo olemba mbiri ya kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia kale. Anzathu ambiri sanagwirizane ndi asayansi, ndipo iye, kuti atsimikizire kulimba mtima, anasonkhana. Kulakalaka kupita paulendo ndi Norway kunavumbula ma compatioti anayi ndi amodzi.
Ku Peru, omwe akuchita nawo zaubwana amapanga raft, akumutcha "Co-Ta-Tika", ndikupita pamafunde a Pacific Ocean. Pambuyo pa 101, tsiku lokhazikika limasunthidwa m'matanthwe a zilumba za Tuamot.
Chifukwa chake, wasayansi adatsimikizira kuti pamtengo wonyamula katundu wokhala ndi ma hiras, atadutsa pano, mutha kumeza nyanja ndi kusunthira kuzilumba za Polynesia. Chifukwa chake molingana ndi chiphunzitso chake, makolo ake a Posternanesi adapangidwa, adanenedwa mu mbiri yakale za opambana aku Spain.
Zowonera ndi zowunikira za ulendo wofotokozedwayo (buku lachiwiri lakaleli, lomwe lidayamba kukhala labwino - "ulendo wopita ku Kon-Tiki. Nkhani yochititsa chidwi komanso kuzindikira idasamutsidwa ku zilankhulo 66, ndipo makanema olemba za oyendayenda mu 1952 adalandira Oscar. Heirdle yekha adachotsa tepiyo.
Cha m'ma 1950s, wasayansi adapita kukafufuza Chilumba cha Earr ndipo chifukwa chaulendowu adalemba dzina latsopano, ndikumuitana "aku-aku. Chinsinsi cha chilumba cha Isitala. " Monga mabuku onse, omwe amafalitsidwa kuchokera ku nthenga za wasayansi wa ku Norway, bukuli lidalandira kuyankha kwa owerenga padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu ulendowu, alendo a Hensirdle adafunana ndi mabwato azovala. Mu 1969, zombo zofufuzira zochokera ku Lake. Omanga, kutengera zikwangwani ndi zojambula za chiwilo chakale cha ku Egypt, chomwe chinapangidwira chiwiya chochokera ku popyyrus, chomwe chidatsimikizika ku Lake Lake.
Bwatolo, lomwe gulu linapatsa dzina "Ra", linachokera ku gombe la Morocco. Koma adagona pamafunde a Atlantic kwa milungu ingapo ndikuyamba. Gululi lidachoka "Ra".
Mu 1970s, maulendo obwera ku Heifirne ndi dokotala wochokera ku Russia yuri Senkevich ndi ena asanu ochokera kumayiko onse omwe amagwera pa "Ra-ii", kutengera zolakwa zam'mbuyomu ndi ambuye akale. Mamembala akupitawo adafika ku cholinga - chilumba cha Barbados. Heirddal adatsimikizira kuti oyendayenda wakale waku Egypt omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matebulo ndipo Canry tsopano atha kuthana ndi nyanja ndikusuntha m'mphepete mwa America. Ndipo poyamba, osachita bwino, ndipo wachiwiri amene adachita bwino, maulendo ochokera kwa Senkevich.
Chapakatikati pa 1978, apaulendo ankawotchedwabe kuti ayende "Tigris", kutsutsa nkhondo. Ulendo wa Inny adapempha kalatayo kwa kalata ya UTErt Waldeim ndi kwa anthu onse okoma mtima, kuyitanitsa kuganiza za chitukuko cha chitukuko, chomwe chimatha kupita pansi ngati "Tigris".
Mu 1983-84, anthu ku Norway adafufuza zotsalazo zomwe zidapezeka ku Watsdies, ndipo madera ndi mabwalo, "adayang'ana" kum'mawa, monganso miyala yayikulu yoyenda zakale. Onse anawona zomwe zalembedwa m'buku la "Maldives".
Kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1990, wasayansi adapita ku Terricy ndikuwunika mapiramidi a boma la State University of Guimar. Heirddal anali woyamba kunena kuti awa ndi miyambo yomanga, osati mphepete mwa zinthu zina, monga nthawi yanthawiyo amaganiza. Mu 1993, Heyerdal adayang'ana kukwera panjira ndipo adapeza mapiramidi omwe adayitanitsa m'ma 1900 akufafaniza mafuko aku Spaangchi.
Kumayambiriro kwa 2000th, woyendayenda adapita ku Russia, kukapeza umboni kuti anthu aku Norwex adafika m'madera omwe tsopano ali pafupi ndi Azov Coast. Wasayansi anasanthula zomwe zawonetsedwazo ndipo zafotokozedwazo "kufufuza kwa odin. M'mapazi zapitazo. "
Adapita ku Norwecain wopanda nkhawa komanso wofufuza za Caucasus, adagwiritsa ntchito zokumba. Anaika chiphunzitso cha mafuko a Steppe kuchokera kudera la Azov kupita ku Scandinavia, lomwe limabweretsa kutsutsidwa kwa olemba mbiri komanso ojambula, omwe amatcha wofufuzayo ndi madzi. Koma palibe amene angamumveke bwino mtundu wa Yeyoni.
Moyo Wanu
Mnzanu woyamba wofufuzayo anali achuma kuti apangidwe ma liv aphungu. Ndi mtsikana wa mtsikanayo adakumana ku yunivesite. Ndi Liv, adapita paulendo woyamba pogona holoon m'nyumba ya mtsogoleri kupita ku Tahiti. Kenako kumene omwe anali kumene kumene anasamukira ku Islands Islands, komwe chakacho ankakhala kuchokera ku zomwe zakwanitsa za chitukuko.
Nkhondo ndi ulendo wotsatira ku Kon-Tika adachotsa okwatirana. Onetsetsa kuti ivonne dedekam Simokakamu anayika mfundo m'banja lakale, komwe ana amuna awiri ndi oyendayenda.
Ulendo wa In Hey. Ivonne anapatsa mwamuna wake kwa ana aakazi atatu. Mayiyo anapita nalo limodzi ndi akazi omwe amabwera mmalo owopsa kwambiri ndipo amabweretsa dongosolo lanyumba ziwiri za Loslo ndi Italy.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, woyendayenda adasokonekera ndi ivonne. Ukwati wachitatu unachitika mu 1991, pamene Heydel anakwanitsa 77. Franch Jacoline Bir, wopambana wakale wa mpikisano wokongola, adakwatirana ndi Iye mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. Poyamba, banjali linasangalalira m'Chitaliya waku Italiya, ndipo okwatirana amapita ku Terrife.
Imfa
Ulendo Lukanda udafa mu chipser cha 2001. Asayansi wazaka 87 anamwalira ndi chotupa mu Italy, potalika kokongola m'tawuni ya Alassio. Kenako ana anali ana ndipo anakondedwa Jaqueline. Mwezi umodzi usanathe kumwalira kwa Luso anakana kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi chakudya.
Adayikidwa m'manda otchuka ku Estate. Chipilala kuti isayang'anenso nyimbo zoyamika.
Mu 2006, "kon-tika" adayamba ulendo wa Tangaroa (dzina la Mulungu wakumwamba wa Polynesia) kuchokera kwa anthu 6, omwe adali mdzukulu wa wasayansi angafune a Haldel.
M'bali
- 1938 - "Kufuna Paradiso"
- 1948 - "Ulendo wopita" ku St-Tika "»
- 1952 - "maulendo a malingaliro amodzi"
- 1957 - "aku-aku-aku. Chinsinsi cha Islands Islands
- 1970 - "ra"
- 1974 - "Fapha-Khiva. Bweretsani ku chilengedwe "
- 1975 - "Tarte of Isitara Island"
- 1978 - "Munthu Wakale ndi Ocean"
- 1979 - "Kuchoka" Tigris "
- 1986 - "Chinsinsi cha Maldives"
- 1989 - "Isitala Chilumba: Chinsinsi Chodabwitsa"
- 1992 - "Ocemberero osatetezeka"
- 1998 - "M'mapazi a Adamu"
- 2001 - "Pofunafuna imodzi. M'mapazi zapitazo "
Zopezeka
- Heirdal adatsimikizira kuthekera kwa kulumikizana pakati pa chitukuko cha Mediterranean ndi South America
- Ulendo Way Heitch adatumiza malingaliro omwe Golnesia adakhazikika ku America, ndipo osachokera ku Southeast Asia
- Adatsimikizira kuthekera kwa nyanja ya Pacific kulowera chakumadzulo kuchokera ku chapakati kuchokera pakati pa South America
- Ulendo Way Heerdal adapeza gawo la zikwangwani zagolide
- Woyendayenda adazindikira mapiramidi osiyidwa pachilumba cha Tenerife, kufotokoza malingaliro pa zakuthambo kwa zojambulajambula
- Ndinatsimikizira kuti sizingatheke kunyamula mtedza wa coconut m'madzi am'nyanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kulephera kwa colocter (mwa mafunde) a kokonati ku South America pachilumba cha Polynesia. Mbewu zonyamula anthu
- Idatsimikizira kuti paliponse pamalonda pakati pa chitukuko cha India ndi Mesopotamia