Chiphunzitso
Wolemba ku Russia ku Ivan Gonchav adapanga mafayilo atatu. Anali omwe adabweretsa wolemba kutchuka kwa Mbuye. Ndizachilendo kuti mayina a mabuku atatu ayambira ndi zilembo "ob".
Mtsogolo wakale unabadwa m'chilimwe, June 6, 1812, ku Simgerk. Banja lidalitsa kale mwana wamwamuna nikolai. Makolo a Mwana - Alexander Ivanovich ndi avdota matventovna - anali a kalasi yamalonda. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pakubadwa kwa Ivan, ana aakazi awiri adatuluka mu banja la poion. GonCharov ndi kutentha kwaubwana kumayambiriro kwa autobigraphic.
Mwana ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, abambo Alexander Ivanovich adamwalira. Kenako Nikolay Nikolayvich Tregbov adayamba kukula kwa Ivan pang'ono. Anasinthanso abambo a Ivan. Ndipo ngakhale banjali linataya mapepala, avdoti Matrentovna anali ndi ndalama zokwanira kuti asaphwane mapangidwe a ana.
Mphunzitsi woyamba wa mwanayo anali tregbov. Kenako Ivan adatumizidwa ku penshoni yachinsinsi. Ali ndi zaka khumi, mnyamatayo adasamukira ku sukulu yomwe mbale anali kale. Kumeneko Goncarov adakhalabe wa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, ngakhale sindinakonde wolemba mtsogolo. Dzinalo la Ivan Alexandrovich nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nkhawa pa "bolodi lofiira". M'zaka zonsezi, achinyamatawo adawautsa chikondi cha mabuku ndi kulemba. Adalipira kuwerenga mabuku ambiri.
Chitsanzo cha kutsanzira kwa Goncharov adaona ngati ndakatulo ya Alexander Sergeevich Pusten. Buku la "Evdeny Sign" lidayamba vumbulutso lenileni. Thandizo ku Pushkin, wolemba Gen wachita bwino moyo wonse. Tsiku lina, gonkarov inali mwayi kuwona fanolo. Msonkhano udachoka ku Dambo udanja.
Mu 1830, Gonharov sanachotsedwe pamndandanda wa boadirs pempho la amayi. Bizinesi yomwe ankakonda idatsogolera mlengi wamtsogolo kuti akufuna kulandira maphunziro ku Moscow University. Mu 1831, Ivan Alexandrovich adalemba mayeso a khomo ndikukhala wophunzira wa yunivesite. Zaka zitatu m'makoma a bungweli zinabweretsa zothandiza pankhani zachikale za wolemba. Nthawi ina, Mikhail Lermontov, Konstantin Aksakov, Vissantin Belinsyky, Ivan Turgenev analandila ku yunivesite nthawi yomweyo ndi mnyamata ku yunivesite.
Mu 1834, kafukufuku adakhala m'mbuyo, ndipo Goncarov adapita ku Simbrary kukaona amayi ndi alongo. Mnyamatayo ngakhale pa maphunziro ake adaganiza kuti sadzakhala mchidzi chake chotopetsa. Wolemba adakopa moyo wa Metropolitan. Koma atafika kudera la penate, Ivan Alexandrovich adapatsidwa udindo wa mlembi. Amaganiza ndikuvomera.
Komabe, ntchitoyo inali yotopetsa kwambiri itatha miyezi 11 ya Goncarov idapita ku St. Petersburg, komwe adapeza wotanthauzira makalata kuchokera ku zilankhulo zakunja. Mlanduwo udapezeka kuti ulibe nthawi yopanda ntchito. Kenako Goncharov idalowa banja la Nikolai Apolonovich Majkova. Anaphunzitsa ana a chilankhulo cha Chilatini ndi mabuku aku Russia. Malo ogulitsa miken amadziwika kuti ndi gawo lachikhalidwe ku Normyra. Apa Ivan Alexandrovich adalowa mdziko la Bohemia.
Malembo
Mu 1838, Gonharov idapangidwa "Lychyaya." Patatha chaka chimodzi, ntchito yachiwiri ya Mlengiyo idawonekera - "kulakwitsa kosangalatsa". Maphunziro onse awiriwa adalowa m'magazini pamanja "Usiku wa Mwezi" ndi "chinowrop", omwe adasindikizidwa m'banja la Ma govov. Siginecha ya Goncharov siyimayimilira pansi pa ntchito. Zolemba zidabwera mosadziwika.
Popita nthawi, ntchito ya wolemba inali yopambana. Anakumana ndi Belinsky, anayendera nyumba ya olemba. Mu 1846, wolemba wa Novice anawerenga chitsutso cha "nkhani wamba" yomwe anasangalala nayo. Mu 1847, ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa mu "m'nthawi yofananira".
Maonekedwe a Belinsky m'moyo wa Goncharov kwambiri adachita zomaliza. Mwa "zolemba za Belinsky", wolemba mwachidwi amakumbukira makhonsolo ndi malangizo otsutsa. Koma sanapeze nawo nkhambe. Goncharov idakangana ndi chizolowezi cha Belinsky ndi malingaliro aku French, ndipo wotsutsa poyankha adatchedwa wolemba bambo yemwe ali ndi botolo.
Mu 1848, mu magazini ya magazini "SEVmernnik" inatuluka, Ivan Savokha Pzharabrin ".
Patatha zaka zinayi, Gonharov adapita ku Japan ndi Admark Efimy Vasalyvevich humyathin pampando wa Fregate "Pallada" mu mlembi. Ulendo unakhala zaka ziwiri ndi theka ndipo unasokonezedwa chifukwa cha nkhondo yakum'mawa.
Panyanjayi, wolemba adatsogolera mbiri yatsatanetsatane yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pa buku la "Pallada Cruage". Kuzungulira kwa mphaka kunawona kuwala mu 1858 ndikukhala chinthu chatsopano m'mabwalo olemba. Owerenga adazindikira buku ngati zenera la dziko latsopano losasinthika, lomwe limayendayenda.
Kubwerera kusambira, gonkarov posakhalitsa ntchito. Wolemba adapereka malo owerengedwa mu nyuzipepala yaku North Seams, ndipo anavomera. Mu 1859, "zolakwa" zotchuka, zakhala zikuyenda bwino kwambiri. Bukulo lidawonedwa ndi malingaliro anzeru. Posakhalitsa mawuwo anati: "Ma Joofonchina" adawonekera mwa anthu.
Mu 1862, wolemba adalunjika ndi kumpoto. Mu 1865, adalowa nawo mamembala a Art, ndipo mu 1867 adapuma pantchito. Wolemba adavomereza chisankho chotere, chifukwa pamavuto adaletsa ntchitoyi.
Mu 1869, adamaliza nkhani yachitatu "obrax". Pamagulu omaliza a Goncarov adagwira ntchito zaka makumi awiri, koma bukulo silinaphule ndi owerenga. Popeza atamaliza "kutsegulira", Mlengiyo anavomereza mfundo yopangidwa ndi iye. Mu ntchito zitatu za Goncarov, magawo otsatizana a chitukuko cha Russia chinachitika. Popanda buku lomaliza, tsatanetsatane wa wolemba sakanakhala wowala kwambiri.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wapadera walephera. Sanakwatirane ndipo sanadziwe chisangalalo. Kwa nthawi yayitali ku Gencharov ankakonda Yesfremov Dmitrievna, Niece Evgenia Petrovna Makova. Koma mtsikanayo amadzina kukhala ukwati ndi mwamuna wina.
Mu 1855, wolembayo adapeza uthenga watsopano. Anakumana ndi Elizabeth Vasalyevna talstoy, pafupi ndi nyumba ya Mikey. Uthengawu wa wolemba Tolstoy ungaganizidwele chilengedwe chonse, chikondi komanso zachisoni mwa iwo. Koma mu 1857 Iye anaphatikizidwa ndi ukwati wokhala ndi Alexey Ivanovich Mun-Puskin. Izi zidasokoneza mtima.
GonCharov inali abwenzi ndi Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. Koma patatha zaka 1860, goncharov amawerenga mzere kuchokera ku "Plaff" mu kapangidwe ka Turgenev, ubale wa olemba wamkulu adadulidwa. Ivan Alexandrovich ngakhale anachititsa kuti turgenev kupita ku dugener, koma kenako anzanga akale anali akugwedezeka pa izi.
Imfa
M'zaka zomaliza za moyo wa wolemba zomwe zidatha kuvutika maganizo. Amadziona kuti ndi wosungulumwa komanso wopanda thandizo. Nthawi ina ndimafuna kuti ndikakhale pachiwonetsero chatsopano, koma ndinaponyera, chifukwa ndimakhala pang'onopang'ono. Goncharov idapitilizabe kupanga zolemba zotsutsa m'mabuku.
Pa Seputembara 12, 1891, wolemba anali wozizira. Matendawa adalitsidwa mwachangu komanso atatha masiku atatu wolemba adamwalira ndi kutupa kwa mapapu. Cholowa cha Ivan Alexandrovich athetse kholo la wantchitoyo.
Polemekeza, misewu ku Moscat, Perza, Saansk, Cheboksary, Simferopol ndi mizinda inanso inatchedwa. Ku Ulyanovsk ndi Dimitrovgrad, wolemba adavala zipilala, ndipo chophimba cha Chikumbutso chidaikidwa ku Mariansk-Lazne. Dzina la wotsutsa limatchedwa Museums, lalikulu, laibulale, thereta ndi tchuthi. Pulogalamuyo m'mabuku otchedwa Goncarov itakhazikitsidwa.
Mu 2012, ndalama idamasulidwa ndi chithunzi cha Goncharov polemekeza mbanja ya wolemba 200 ya wolemba. Kufalikira kunali makope 5,000.
Mu 2012, manga idasindikizidwa pansi pa dzina "Miphika yayikulu." Chimodzi mwa ngwazi za nthabwala ndiye dzina la Ivan Gonchav. Mu chithunzi chomwe khalidweli limawonetsedwa ndi tsitsi lalitali kwambiri ku lamba, maso ochepa, mphuno yosuta ndi kamwa yayikulu. Pamwamba pamutu kumaphimba ma bandeji. Ivan ali ndi "oyang'anira" otseguka ".
M'bali
- 1838 - "Nyimbo ya Lyhai"
- 1839 - "Kulakwitsa Kosangalatsa"
- 1842 - "Ivan Savovich Podzharbin"
- 1846 - "Mbiri Yakale"
- 1858 - "Flegat" Pallada "
- 1859 - "andOMOV"
- 1869 - "Tsegulani"
- 1872 - "Miliyoni A Torzani"
- 1874 - "Makalata a Umunthu wa Belinsky"
- 1875 - "Apanso" Hamlet "mu Russia"
- 1891 - "Kusintha kwa tsoka"