Chiphunzitso
Wamkulu kwambiri ndi mlaliki, wolemba tchalitchi ndi birishopu ku Turkey Kaisareya, yemwe amakhala m'zaka za zana la 4. Munthu adamenya nkhondo mwamphamvu zachiwawa, osawopa chilango kuchokera kwa olamulira. Mphunzitsi wa mpingo wakudzipatula yekha ndi kufesa zinthu zabwino, zomwe zimadzipereka mwa anthu osavuta.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Utoto waukulu unabadwa mumzinda wa Kaisareya, yemwe anali likulu la oyang'anira dera la Turkey ku Kapadokiya, mu banja lachipembedzo, lolemera. Chaka chobereka kwa mpingo sichinathe kukhazikitsa - pafupifupi 330th. Mosamala amatchedwa bambo, ndalama zandalama ndi wokamba.
Mnyamata Popeza ubwana udakula m'njira yowerenga. Agogo Abwana Ake amaphunzira ku St. George ndiye Wodandaula, ndipo ali ndi mwamuna wake, pamodzi ndi mwamuna wake, akuvutika ndi amuna akulu, omwe adazunzidwa ndi munthu wa Diocletian. Amalume okhala ndi bishopu, ngati abale awiri a Grigory nisky ndi Peter Sevastiy. Mlongo wake wa Macrina mtsogolo anayamba kukula kwa amonke.
Abambo ang'ono Vassa anakonzeranso njira ya wansembe. Mphunzitsi wamtsogolo wa tchalitchicho adalandira maphunziro abwino kwambiri - atakhala m'maphunziro a Kaisareya, Constantinople ndi Atene. Ali ndi zaka 14, kholo mwamwalira, ndipo mnyamatayo adakhala m'nyumba ya agogo aakazi, kenako pambuyo pake adasanduka nyumba ya amonke. Ndipo ali ndi zaka 17, mnyamatayo anamwalira wachibale wake wamkulu, anasamukira kwa amayi ake ku Kaisara.
Mu likulu la ukulu wa Ellen, amaphunzira mosakhalitsa ndikupita kutchalitchi - amangoyang'ana kuchiyero cha moyo wa mnyamatayo. Ankasangalatsidwa ndi sayansi, njira zopezera chidziwitso, zomwe, zimakhala pa usana ndi usiku kuseri kwa mabuku, kuiwalanso kudya. Panali chizindikiro cha chizindikiro chakuti: movutikira, ndipo pambuyo pake adapangana ndi abwenzi achipembedzo a Gregory. Mnzake wakuphunzitsa anali a Julian, yemwe ndi mfumu yam'tsogolo komanso Akhristu ozunza.
Zaka zisanu zidakhalapo mwamphamvu ku Atene, ndipo nditamaliza maphunziro, ndidaganiza kuti katunduyu adadzazidwa ndi sayansi. Mnyamatayo alibe thandizo lachipembedzo, choncho adapita kukafunafuna zipembedzo zachikhristu.
Utumiki wachikhristu
Msewuwu unatsogolera mosavuta kupita ku Egypt, pomwe Chikristu chinakula. Mwamunayo adayamba kuwerenga mabuku azachipatala, omwe adapanga mnzake watsopano - arbimandring porfriry. Pamodzi mogwirizana ndidadziyesera ndekha m'makalata. M'dzikoli, chipululu chinatseguka chophunzirira anthu anthawi yaulemerero - a Pahomi, Mari Alexandria, Fiva anakhala pafupi.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, monyinyirika adapita ku Palestina, kuchokera kumeneko ku Syria ndi Mesopotamia, adapezekapo malo oyera, adayamba kudziwa malo oyera, adalowa m'madzi adziko, adalowa mkangano wachipembedzo ndi anzeru. Atafika ku Yerusalemu, munthu wina wamtsogolo amafuna kubatizika, ndipo panthawi ya sakaramenti, molingana ndi nthano, ngwazi yoyambayo adawona chizindikirocho. MUNTHU akadzafika kwa munthu wopaka utoto, mphezi zoyaka moto zinagwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo njiwa inatuluka mwa iyo ndikuzimiririka ku Yordano.
Kubwerera ku Pensoni, Motani koyamba kunafuna kuchita nawo zochitika zadziko, koma achibale adatsimikiza kuti ayambe moyo wosangalatsa. Mwamuna wokhala ndi gulu la abwenzi ndipo anthu amakhalidwe ofanana adapita ku zinthu zabanja ku chilumba cha Ponte Island, komwe adakhazikitsa dera la Moust. Koma mu 357, mbiri yake inalemeretsanso ulendo - tsopano pansi pa anyani a Copt.
Mu 360, mu Pamineland, mwamphamvu anapatsidwa mwayi woperekedwa ku San Provinger, adadzakhala mlangizi mnzake Eusevia, yemwe adakhala ngati bishopu. Kusamalira Okhulupirira, Kulalikidwa Kwabwino kwa Mawu a Mulungu Kulemekezedwa ndi chikondi cha anthu, ndipo izi zomwe Eseve adayamba kupereka nsanje. Komanso sanali wokhutitsidwa ndi moyo wambiri wa Presbyter. Kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwa nkhawa, mwakwiya adaganiza zobwerera ku nyumba ya amonch m'chipululu, makamaka chiyembekezo chotere adamkonda Iye.
M'chipululu, mpumulowo unawasangalatsa onsewo komanso kukhala chete, ndipo akangopeputsa, sanatsuke, osavala mkate ndi madzi, ndipo ndinavala chobowoleza. Kudzitchinjiriza kumachitika ndi thupi - thupi lotayika, ndipo pafupifupi palibe chomwe chatsala.
Pambuyo pake, wazachipembedzo wazachikulu adagwirizana ndi Monk. Ng'ombe zonse zinali zoperekedwa kwa masiku a mapemphero, kutaya mabuku adziko lapansi, adayamba kuphunzira Malemba Oyera, omwe adayamba kuphunzira Malemba Oyera komanso kupangidwa kwa zikwangwani za oyimira a Monocar. Gregory komanso mwamphamvu, sanagwiritse ntchito miyala ija, thukuta lachisanu ndi chiwiri, ndikugawana popanda denga ndi chipata.
Pakadali pano, mfumuyo idafunsidwa kwa Mpandowachifumu wa Roma, ndi chiyambi cha ulamuliro wake wa Orthodox idayamba kupondereza zambiri. Kuti mulimbikitse mphamvu, eusevia anafunsa achangu ndi anzeru mwamphamvu, ndipo Moni yemwe anali wopanda nyumbayo anapulumutsa. Kubwerera mu 365 ku Kaesara, bambo wina adayamba kuwongolera kuti tisamalowe m'manja mwake.
Kuchokera pansi pa cholembera molakwika, mabuku atatu adatuluka ndikuukira ku ampatuko a ku Arian, makamaka, bambo wina adasankha slogan ntchito - "iPostasis atatu.
Zochita zenizeni mosavuta pambuyo pa kufa kwa eusevia mu 370. Mpingo unatenga udindo wa Metrolitan Cappacacyn ndipo anayamba kuwononga mwamphamvu akatswiri a Chiria ku Malaya Asia. Zachidziwikire, wolamulira wachiroma sanadzikule ndipo adalimbikira kwambiri, kugawa Casadokia m'magawo awiri a patokha.
Anakhalabe popanda gawo la kango ndi otsatira, ndipo ulamuliro wake mu mpingo unagwa. Komabe, mtsogoleri wa chikhulupiriro chenicheni amaikabe mabishopu kumizinda yayikulu ya zigawo za anthu a anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro - wophunzitsa mabuku, Grigoria Nis ndi M'bale Peter. Ndipo tsoka linapereka Mphatso ya m'mimba: Pankhondo ya Adriapol, mfumuyi idathiridwa, zomwe zidasintha mu mphamvu mu mpingo ndi Boma lathunthu. Koma chifukwa cha mochedwa kwambiri.
Zodabwitsa ndi Zochita Zabwino
Moyo wamkati mwamphamvu kwambiri anagonjetsedwa ndi nthano. Orthodox amakhulupirira kuti mwamunayo adaziwona ndi zozizwitsa zingapo. Mwamuna akanafunsira Woyera, yemwe adamva abwana. Koma pa kalata yolembedwa moyamwitsa, wolakwayo adayankha mwamwano. Kenako pakumuganizira kwambiri kuti posachedwa adzapulumuka ku mkwiyo wa anthu apamwamba. Ndipo, patapita kanthawi, abwanawo analowa kwa mfumu.
Pankhondo ya Persia, mosadzisaka mwamphamvu chisanachitike chizindikiro cha namwali wodala Mariya, yemwe miyendo yake idawonetsera Mercury Greary Quccury - Warrior wokhala ndi mkondo. Mwamunayo anafunsa oyera kuti asalole kuti abwerere amoyo kuchokera kunkhondo Julian ampatuko. Mwadzidzidzi Mercury anasowa, ndipo powonekera, anaumitsa magazi ake kuchokera mkondo. Pambuyo pake, amithenga adabweretsa uthenga womwe Julian adavulala kwambiri pankhondo.
Ngakhale anali ndi mphatso yachilendo: mkati mwa litorgy, njiwa yopachikidwa pampando Woyera inali yodabwitsa katatu, kuchitira umboni za Mzimu Woyera. Koma mbalameyo ikangopereka chizindikiro, ndipo adaganiza movutitsa ndipo adazindikira kuti chifukwa cha Denonone, yemwe adalakalaka akuonera mkazi wokongola mu chingwe.
Wansembeyo adabzalidwa ndi dikoni pa Rigid Opetitia, ndipo guwa lansembe lisanagawire gawo kuti apange gawo kuti azimayi sakanamuyang'ana polambira. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, njiwa sinathe kulengeza za Mzimu Woyera.
Nthano inanso imati mwamtendere kupewa kukhumudwa kuchokera ku chotsimikizira cha Mulungu. Pa tsiku la Epishany wa Ambuye kwa mpingo, komwe adatumikira, mfumu ya kudali. Kuwona kukongola kwa zokongoletsera ndi kuyitanitsa m'Kachisi, adasilira kwambiri kotero kuti adakudalitsani kumalo a herden Woyera.
Komabe, atachoka kunyumba, adani a mtima anaweramitsa wolamulira kuti atulutse wolimbana ndi Ariana. Panthawi yosainira lamulo lomwe lili pansi pa Valente, mpando unali wodzaza ndi nzimbe udasweka, zomwe zimayika siginecha. Chitsamba chachitatu chitasweka, mfumu idachita mantha ndikuwononga chilangocho.
Mwachita bwino mwapamwamba wa munthu wokoma mtima, okonzeka kupulumutsa, ngakhale atamva chiganizo. Nkhani imadziwika za kupulumutsidwa kwa mwana wamwamuna wachichepere komanso wolemera nkhani, zomwe EpirI Essvie adayesa kukwatiwa ndi ulemu. Mtsikanayo sanafune kutaya choyera mkazi wake ndipo anathamangira ndi thandizo lambiri kusokonekera.
Bishop adatha kutumiza munthu wosauka kulowa utoto wa amonken, pomwe amithenga a Eusevia adatuluka nthawi yomweyo ndikufufuza zabodza. Kenako monyinyirika anagwidwa mochita chigololo ndipo anafufuza. Mapeyala okwiyawo adalonjeza Woyera kuti atumize chizunzo chachikulu. Kuletsa kumwa mwamthera, anthu omwe ali ndi chida chinathamangira kunyumba yachifumu ya eusevia. Zotsatira zake, woyera wobwerera kumayiko ake osavala bwino.
Imfa
Pofika mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwandale ku Boma, moyo wazosasangalatsa unatopa ndi thupi laukali. Mwamuna wina adamwalira patsiku loyamba la 379, ndikupereka utumiki m'Kakachi la 8.5.
Malinga ndi nthano chabe, asanamwalire, chaka chatsopano, adabatizidwa ophunzira, kenako adatembenukira kwa ophunzirawo ndi gululi ndi mawu omwe ali ndi mawu oti ubwerere dzulo. Anapemphera kwa Mulungu, matamando chifukwa cha moyo wolemera komanso wolungama, komanso anapatsa mzimu. Oimira mavomerezo osiyanasiyana - Akhristu ndi Ayuda, ngakhale achikunja amadziwika pamaliro. Mozama adatsala pang'ono kumwalira.
Kukumbuka
Tsiku lachikumbutso lalikulu kwambiri mu mpingo wa Orthodox Orthodox - Januware 14. Kutamandidwa kopatulidwa pa Januware 30, patsikuli phwando la tchalitchi zitatuchi - katswiri wazachipembedzo wazachipatala ndi John wa Zlatist adaikidwa.
Woyera ali ndi zithunzi zingapo. Anakhala wotsogolera amonke, oimba komanso olima wamaluwa. Chithunzicho chimathandizidwa kuti chithandizire pa chiphunzitsocho, maphunziro, chiyambi cha mlandu watsopano ndi khomo lanyumba yatsopano.
Nthawi 10 pachaka m'matchalitchi amachitidwa ndi itorgy ya bwino kwambiri. Chinochachesi ichi chinali bibishopu wa Kaisareya.
Mu 1999, kwa mdalitso wa kholo la Moscow ndi Russia zonse, Alexy II, mwala woyamba wa Kachisi wa TS. Basil Wamkulu adayikidwa ku Mos. Basel the Great ku Moscow. M'dzinja la 2001, kapemba wokonzeka anadzipereka.