Chiphunzitso
Ivan Shishkin "amakhala" pafupifupi kunyumba iliyonse yaku Russia kapena nyumba. Makamaka munthawi za miviet, eni ake adakonda kukongoletsa makhoma ndi zojambulajambula ndi wojambula, kuchotsedwa m'magazini. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ntchito ya wopweteka, anthu aku Russia amadziwa kuyambira paubwana - chimbalangondo mu nkhalango kukongoletsa chokoleti cha chokoleti. M'moyo wa mbuye waluso waluso, "m'nkhalango ya ku Beagatyr" ndi "mfumu ya m'nkhalango" ngati chizindikiro cha kulemekeza kukongola kwachilengedwe.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wovala zamtsogolo adabadwira m'banja la wamalonda Ivan Vasalyevich Shishkich Shishkich pa Januware 25, 1832. Ubwana wojambulayo wadutsa mu ELABAGA (m'Kachifumu, inali gawo la chigawo cha Vyka, lero ndi Republic of Tararstan). Abambo ankakonda komanso kulemekeza m'tauni yaying'ono yayikulu, Ivan Vasalyvevich ngakhale kwa zaka zingapo zidachitidwa mpando wa kukhazikika. Kuyambiranso wamalondayo komanso pa ndalama yake, Elabuga adapeza mzere wamatanda, omwe amagwirabe ntchito. Shishkin adaperekanso kwa nthawi ya nthawi ya nthawi ndi buku loyamba lonena za mbiri yadziko.
Kukhala munthu wabwino komanso wa ku Roman Vasalyvevich anayesetsa kuona kuti mwana wa ku Vanya anali ndi sayansi yazachilengedwe, kazembe, ndipo mnyamatayo atapita kukongola kwa Kazan ali ndi maphunziro abwino. Komabe, wachichepere wa Ivan Shishkine kuyambira ndili mwana amajambula zojambulajambula zambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'gawo la maphunziro anatopa msanga, ndipo iye anaponyera, nati safuna kukasandulika nduna.
Kubwerera kwawo kwa Mwana kukwiya makolo, makamaka aiblos, akangofika makoma a masewera olimbitsa thupi kumanzere, adayamba kudzijambula. Amayi Darria Alexandrovna adakwiya kwambiri ndi Ivan kuti akaphunzire, adakwiya komanso kuti wachinyamata sanasinthidwe kunyumba, amakhala ndi aliyense amene safuna mapepala "pambale." Abambo adathandizira mnzake, ngakhale mwachinsinsi anali wokondwa kufunsa kuti ndi oyera mtima. Pofuna kusasangalatsa makolo, wojambulayo adachita zojambula usiku - kotero njira zoyambirira za utoto zidasankhidwa.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Nthawi yokhala, burashi "ya Ivan". Koma akangochimbidwa mu ELAbugu, omwe adachotsedwa ku likulu la penti ya tchalitchi chisonyezo, ndipo Shishkin kwa nthawi yoyamba amaganizira mozama za ntchitoyi. Popeza anaphunzira kuchokera ku mikango zonena za sukulu ya pereseni ya penti ndi chosema, mnyamatayo anagwira ndi maloto kuti akhale wophunzira wa maphunziro abwinowa.
Abambo movutikira, komabe adavomera kuti mwana uja apite kumbali yaitali - atangopereka zomwe anawo sakuponya ndikuphunzira kumeneko, ndipo adzatembenukira ku Charles Wachiwiri BryULOV. Bizinesi ya Shishkin yayikulu idawonetsa - mawu pamaso pa kholo limawalemekeza.
Mu 1852, sukulu ya ku Moscow yopepera utoto ndi zowopsa zidalowa mu ma ranks a Ivan Shishkin, omwe adagwa pansi pa woyang'anira a Apollo mokritritky. Woyambira panja zojambula zokopeka, zojambula zomwe adachita modzipangira. Posachedwa talente yowala ya Asterisk Yatsopano Yojambula, sukulu yonse yomwe mwaphunzira: aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira anzathu adakondwerera gawo loti ajambule gawo lanthawi zonse.
Dipuloma ya sukulu ya Schishkina idakhala yaying'ono, ndipo mu 1856 adalowa mu 1856 adalowa mu 1856 adalowa mu St. Ivan Ivanovich adaphunzira mwakhama ndikudabwa kwambiri luso lopenta.
M'chaka choyamba, wojambulayo adapita kuchilimwe pachilumba cha Valaamu, chifukwa mtundu wake mtsogolo udalandira mendulo yayikulu yagolide ku Academy. Pamaphunziro ake, kanema wa pigyback adasungidwa ndi mendulo ziwiri zasiliva ndi zagolide zojambulidwa ndi mawonekedwe a St.
Pambuyo pa kutha kwa Academy, Ivaan Ivanovich adakwanitsa kukonza luso lakunja. Maphunziro aluso pamaphunziro aluso adaikapo pantchito yapadera, ndipo Shishkin, osalemedwa ndi chisamaliro kupanga chidutswa cha mkate, kupita ku Munich, ndiye Durich, Dusfadorf.
Apa ojambula adayesedwa chifukwa chojambulidwa "Tsaristist vodika", ambiri adalemba zambiri, pomwe chithunzi chofewa chimasindikizidwa "kuwonekera m'munsi mwa Düsstdorf". Ntchito yowala, ya ndege idapita kudziko lakwawo - chifukwa Shishn wake adalandira ulemu wa Engiminian.
Kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, adadziwana ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko lachilendo, koma Tosca ku dziko lakwawo adakwera pamwamba, Ivaan Shishkin adabwerera kudziko lakwawo. Kumayambiriro, wojambulayo adatsutsa zotopa za Russia posaka malo osangalatsa, zachilendo. Tikaonekera ku St. Petersburg, ojambula omwe adachita nawo zaluso amachita nawo. Wopweteka paubwenzi ndi Konstantin Savotsky, The Archkantin wa Mfumukazi ya Mfumukazi ndi Ivan Kramsky.
Mu ma 70s, makalasi adawonjezeredwa. Ivan Ivanovich okhazikitsidwa pamodzi ndi ogwira nawo ntchito omwe amagwirizana ndi zowonetsera zojambulajambula, mofananamo kuti agwirizane ndi mayanjano a aquatiortnatity. Chinali kuyembekezera bambo ndi mutu watsopano - chifukwa cha chipululu "cha" maphunziro "a Sukuluyi adamponya ngati akatswiri angapo.
Mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 1870, Ivan Shishkin pafupifupi adataya malo omwe adakwanitsa kukhala m'mabwalo a ankhazi. Atakumana ndi tsoka (kumwalira kwa mkazi wake), bambo wina anali kumwa ndi kusokoneza abwenzi ndi okondedwa. Sanadzitengere iye m'manja mwake, namufunatu mutu wake. Panthawiyo, Mbambande ya "Rye", "chipale chofewa", "pambela choyambirira", "pambe pambenji" chinachokera pansi pa nthenga. Dziko la Ivan Ivanovich lomwe lafotokozedwa motere: "Kodi ine ndikhala ndi chidwi ndi chiyani? Moyo ndi mawonetseredwe ake, tsopano, monga nthawi zonse. "
Isafikire kuti Ivan Shishkin adapemphedwa kuti aphunzitse mu sukulu yapamwamba kwambiri ku sukulu yapamwamba. Mapeto a zaka za zana la XIX adadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa sukulu yakale ya akatswiri, wachinyamata adakonda kutsatira mfundo zina zachikhalidwe, komabe
Ivan Ivanovich ankakonda kulankhulana ndi achichepere olemba komanso ngakhale kuyesera kupanga zolinga zatsopano pantchito yake. Pakuphunzitsa, wojambulayo adamuwona ngati ojambula kwambiri a Valentina Serov.
Kuwunika talente ya wojambulayo, ojambula bwino ndi mafani a Shishkin kumayerekezera ndi dokotala wa zinthu zachilengedwe - pofuna kuwonetsera kukongola kwachilengedwe ku Ivan Ivanovich mosamala ndi mbewu. Musanapite kuntchito, kugwa moss, masamba ang'onoang'ono, udzu.
Pang'onopang'ono, mawonekedwe ake apadera adapangidwa, momwe mayeserowo adayang'aniridwa ndi mabulashi osiyanasiyana, amangofuna kusintha mitundu ndi mithunzi. Anthu a nthawi imeneyo amatchedwa Ivan Shishkin ndi wolemba zachilengedwe, amatha kuwona mawonekedwe a ngodya iliyonse.
Zojambula za kupenta kwa utoto: Ivaan Ivanovich idauziridwa ndi malo owoneka bwino a Utatu - Sergius Lavra, nkhalangoyi pachilumbachi, kutha kwa Spolnikov ndi Serstroresk. Ojambula opakidwa ku Belovezhskaya Pushka ndipo, zoona, ku Elamuug, komwe adabwera kudzacheza.
Ndimafunitsitsa kuti Shishkin sanagwire ntchito yekha. Mwachitsanzo, kulembera nyama ndi comrade Konterontin ku Savatsky's Hotrade Konsterontin Savotaky adathandiza chithunzi cha "m'mawa mu khola la paini" Chithunzichi chili ndi zikwangwani ziwiri.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wa munthu wanzeru unali womvetsa chisoni. Ivan Shishkin adayamba pansi korona mochedwa - wazaka 36 zokha. Mu 1868, adakwatirana ndi chikondi chachikulu ndi mlongo wojambula wa FYodor Vasalyeva Evgenia. Mu ukwatiwu, Ivan Ivanovich anali wokondwa kwambiri, sanalole kupatukana kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zonse kumafulumira kubwerera ku maulendo aku Russia.
Evgenia Aleksandrovna adabereka ana amuna ndi wamkazi, ndipo Shishkin anamwa ukwati. Komanso panthawiyo anali atamva mwini wake mwiniwake, yemwe anali wokondwa kutenga alendo m'nyumba. Koma mu 1874, mnzakeyo adamwalira, ndipo atangomutsata.
Movutikira kukonza chisoni, Shishkin adakwatira wophunzira wake yemwe, wojambula wa Olga Ladoga. Patatha chaka chimodzi pambuyo paukwati, mayiyo adamwalira, akusiya Ivan Ivanovich ndi mwana wake wamkazi m'manja.
Biograpars Onani chinthu chimodzi chamunthu wa Ivan Shishkin. Pazaka zambiri zophunzirira kusukuluyi, amavala monks dzina - lotchedwa kunyansidwa ndi kutsekedwa. Komabe, iwo omwe adakwanitsa kukhala bwenzi lake, kenako adafunsa kuti munthuyu amalankhula ndi nthabwalale za okondedwa athu.
Imfa
Ivan Ivanovich adasiya dziko lapansi, monga masters amadalire, kuntchito patembero wotsatira. Kudzunda kwamadzulo kwa dzuwa la 1898, wojambula m'mawa wa m'mawa kutakhala pansi kwa Easel. M'mabuku ena, kupatula Iye, wothandizira amagwira ntchito, yemwe adauza tsatanetsatane wa imfa ya mphunzitsi.
Shishkin adawonetsa china chake ngati Zovka, ndiye kuti mutu wake umangolowa pachifuwa. Dokotalayo ndi kusiyana kwa mtima. "Ufumu wa zoweta" unakhala wopanda chiyembekezo, ndipo ntchito yomaliza ya wojambulayo ndi "nkhonya", lero zikukondweretsa alendo a Museum ya Russia.
Ivan Shishkin adayamba kuyikidwa m'manda a Ortonsk Orthodox (St. Petersburg), ndipo mkati mwa zaka za zana la 20, wojambulayo adatengedwa kupita ku Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
Zojambula
- 1870 - "Kuyenda M'nkhalango"
- 1871 - "nkhalango ya Birch"
- 1878 - "Birch Grove"
- 1878 - "rye"
- 1882 - "M'mphepete mwa nkhalango ya paini"
- 1882 - "munda wa nkhalango"
- 1882 - "Madzulo"
- 1883 - "Creek ku Birch Forest"
- 1884 - "Dati Rost Dali"
- 1884 - "Pine pamchenga"
- 1884 - "Polesie"
- 1885 - "Misana Mmawa"
- 1887 - "Oak Grove"
- 1889 - "M'mawa mu nkhalango ya paini"
- 1891 - "Mvula mu nkhalango ya DuboV"
- 1891 - "kumpoto kwa kuthengo ..."
- 1891 - "Pambuyo pa namondwe mu Mary Hovi"
- 1895 - "nkhalango"
- 1898 - "Siyani Grove"