Chiphunzitso
Kira Muratova adalowa mbiri ya sinema monga wolemba "kanema wolakwika", mafilimu odabwitsa komanso odzipatula okha ndi mbiri yolepheretsa. Wotsogolera anakulira kwambiri mitu yacikhalidwe, anatembenukira kwa nkhanza, molimbika pamalire a zamakhalidwe, ndipo imodzi mwa zolinga zomwe amakonda - gehena padziko lapansi. Kiru GeorgieVevna otsutsa adaimbidwa mlandu "Chernukh", koma wopempha wokonzekeratu ndi kanema watsopanoyo adayamba kukondana ndi mkazi waluso uyu yemwe adasankha mundawo.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Kira Muratova adabadwa mu banja lovuta lomwe limakhala m'tawuni ya Soroka ku Bessarabia (Romania). Abambo Yuri Aleksandrovich Korotkov isanachitike nkhondo ndi Ajeremani anali mlembi wa Komiti Yamkulu ya Chikomyuniya, ndipo mu 1941, monga mbali ya Demosan Delekisan Deadment of Nation.
MOM Natalia Isaphovna, Myuda fuko, kuyambira 1928 anali pachipani cha chikomyunizimu cha Romania. Nkhondo itatha, mayiyo adatenga mpando wa mtumiki wachikhalidwe cha Republic, womwe udakhala gawo la USSR.
Pokambirana, Kira Georgievna anakumbukira kuti nthawi zambiri anali ndi amayi pantchito. Utumiki udapatsidwa chipinda chosiyana kuti ndikaonere mafilimu akunja, makamaka pampalika kwapadera, komwe mtsikanayo adalandira kuchokera kwa kholo akuyamba kukumbukiridwa kwambiri.
Pepala linatsegula zitseko za sinema iliyonse ya Bucharest, ndipo Koresi wachichepere nthawi zambiri atatha sukulu. Panthawiyo, mu zosokoneza zomwe mnzake wogula, anthu amasangalatsidwa ndi amatsenga ndi oimba. Kamodzi Mtsikana wina ataona "Live" Wotchuka - Peter Leshchenko ndipo adapita kukachita chidwi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nditamaliza maphunziro, achinyamata Kira adapita ku likulu la Russia, komwe adalowa ndi mafiltolo ku Moscow State University. Pambuyo pake, ndinazindikira kuti anali kulankhula sinema, ndipo anaganiza zoyesa chisangalalo ku Vgika. Mtsikanayo adabwera pa forkorial, kumenya mapiko a abwana otchuka a Sergey Grasimov ndi Tamara Makarova.
Mafilimu
Mu 1961, Kira Muratova monga wotsogolera adalowa nawo gulu la Odes Mectic Pluc filsa. Nthawi yoyamba idagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mwamuna wake Alexander Muratov, yemwe chikhumudwitse chomwe chingachitike ndi Institute. Banja limabweretsa dziko la zojambula "ku youtzizi yozizira" (1962) ndi "mkate wathu weniweni" (1964).
The Solo, chiyambi cha wotsogolera chosungidwa mu 1967. Wowonerayo adalandira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yomwe siyipikisana, "misonkhano yachilendo." Melodrama yokhudza chikondi cha chikondi cha chikondi sichinthu chofunikira pamalingaliro angapo.
Muratov yomwe inawonera idakhala ndi nyenyezi pa tepiyo, chithunzi chachikulu chachimuna chidachitidwa ndi nthano ya nthano vysotsky, ndipo Nina Ruslanova adasewera mbali yachiwiri yaikazi, akuwoneka kuti akufufuza zowonera za Soviet kwa nthawi yoyamba. Chithunzicho chinatuluka ndi buku locheperako, chiwonetsero chodzala chokwanira chachitika zaka 20 zokha pambuyo pake - ndiye kuti anayamikira chilengedwe cha mkulu wa oyang'anira anthu oposa mamiliyoni anayi.
Chithunzi chotsatira "zingwe zazitali" (1971) unali wosasangalala kwathunthu. Utsogoleri wa chipembedzo cha Master sanayamikire ntchito ya ntchito zaka ziwiri, chifukwa chake, chiwonetserocho chinasunthidwa. Kira Muratova, kuchotsedwa kwa otsogolera, silingathe kuyimirira kuponderezana ndi kumanzere kwa Odessa.
Mayiyo adakhazikika ku Leingrad, komwe "Lenfilm" kanema Studio adayamba kupanga tepi "yosintha kuwala", komwe kukondweretsedwa ndi omvera mu 1978. Woyang'anira, nkhani yokongola idasonkhanitsa Nina Ruslanov, Alexey Zharkov, Lyudmila Gurchenko pa seti. Pambuyo powonera zimamveka bwino kuchokera komwe Renata Litvinova, adakondwera kwa Kira, adapanga kudzoza njira zoyambirira za wotsogolera.
Cescesiti adangotsatira Mutone pa zidendene zake. Wosautsa adadzakhala filimuyo "pakati pa miyala yoyera" (1983), kuchokera komwe mopanda zinthu zochotsa zinthu. Inde, kotero kuti Kira Georgievna anakana kuwonetsa dzina lake mu zokambirana.
Pokhapokha dzuwa lokha la nthawi ya Soviet Union, Wotsogolera adasauka, atalandira mwayi wopanga momwe amanenera. Ndi dzanja lake lowala pa zojambulazo "kusintha kwachilendo" ndi sewero la zosindikiza ziwiri ndi chiphokoso cha TIMS "athelic syndrome" linawonekera.
Kanema wotsiriza adatulutsa ma gerles a otsutsa ndi owonerera - ndi zomwe zili, ndi zakudya zapadera, zomwe zimachotsedwa filimu yakuda ndi yoyera, inayo pamtundu wina). Kuphatikiza apo, kwa nthawi yoyamba mu kanema waku Russia, wotsogolera adalola kuti awoneke pazenera la mawu otukwana. Komabe, kuukira kwawo kudziko lakwawo kunachitika maziko, chifukwa chinthu chachikulu chomwe Mulatov adafika - kuzindikira kunja: Ntchitoyi idalandira mphotho yapadera ya Phwando la filimu ya Berlin.
Ntchito yotsatirayi idabadwa kale mkati mwa kubwezeretsa. Mu 1994, Kira Muratova adayamba kusefukira mofulumira khwinkinov ya netivinov mu "zosangalatsa", zomwe zidakhala ndunalu ya wotsogolera. Ndipo ana akewo poyambirira, analibe, Kira anabwera ndi chithunzi. Muratoova adanena za kuwonetsa koyambirira kwa ochita sewero:
"Tinakumana pa chikondwerero cha Arsenal ku Riga. Nthawi yomweyo ndimaganiza kuti ziyenera kuchotsedwa, anali ndi zodabwitsa komanso mawonekedwe, ndi momwe amalankhulira. "Chithunzichi ndi chodekha, opepuka, koma otchuka, odziwika ndi mphotho ya Nika. Wosewera yemwe ali ndi tsitsi lamtsogolo Kira adzachotsa kangapo: Renata amawalira pa mbiri yakale itatu, yomwe idasankhidwa ku Berlin "Bear Bear", Trawady "Awiri mu Imodzi" Za ana okalamba mbamports "nyimbo zonyansa". Mafilimu onse adazimiririka mphotho ndi ndalama zina.
Mu 2012, a Kira Muratov adapereka mafani kwa "kubwerera kwamuyaya", momwe Oleg Demidov, Alla Demidov, Servinova, ndi Litvinova. Ntchitoyi Kira Georgieté adayikapo zonenepa pantchito ya woyang'anira, ndikunena za chisamaliro cha onse.
Kira Muratova adagwiranso ntchito ngati wochita sewero. Mayiyu adatuluka muzochita zosintha "paulendo wowopsa" wa wotsogolera Geangdald-Hilkevich. Mu 1986, adayitanidwa ku sewero la sewero la sewero la DIMA "Ali Khamraev, komwe kira adabadwanso mwa mfiti.
Moyo Wanu
Kira Georgievna anali atakwatirana kawiri. Ndi mwamuna woyamba, wotsogolera ndi wojambula a Alexander Muratov, anakumana ndi zaka za ophunzira, koma mu ma 70s adayamba. Banjali linaukitsa mwana wamkazi wa Marianna, yemwe anamwalira. Wofalitsayo asudzulidwa pambuyo pa filimu ya Karati ya Kira.
Mwamuna wachiwiri, yemwe Muratov adakhala mpaka masiku otsiriza, nawonso kuchokera kudera lolenga - St. Petersburg ndi wolemba zeze Eugene Golibneko.
Osasunthika komanso osagwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa, KIR Georgieevna m'moyo wake unali wodekha, wokhoza kuyanjana ndi wina aliyense. Mayiyu ankakonda kudya chokoma, koma chakudyacho chinasankha zosavuta. Kwa zaka zambiri, Muratov adayamba kuyang'ana kulowera kwa masamba, koma sizinaganizidwe kuti zigwirizane ndi mikwingwirima ya vegans.
Imfa
Zaka zaposachedwa, Kira Georgievna adakhala ku Odessa ndipo pafupifupi sanapewe kuwala.
"Ndakhala nthawi yayitali pomwe ndinali, ndipo tsopano sindikufuna kulikonse. Sindikufuna kuwuluka ndi ndege, komanso sitimayo, nayenso, "anaulula.Atolankhani omwe anachezera wotsogolera, akuwona kuti nyumba yake ndi yodabwitsa - imakumbutsa Museum yomwe msonkhano wa ojambula udapezeka. Muratora nthawi zambiri agwirizane ndi kuyankhulanako, momwemo za mayiyo akulembanso.
M'chilimwe cha 2017, filimuyo idawulukira kuti Kira Georgievna idakhala membala wa ku American Academy, adalandira ufulu wosankha yemwe ali wotchuka "Oscar-2018".
JUNE 6, 2018 Kira Muratova sanatero. Izi zidanenedwa mu malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi ober yuri mintovanov.
Kafukufuku
- 1967 - "Misonkhano Yaikulu"
- 1971 - "mawaya otalika"
- 1979 - "Kudziwa Kuwala Woyera"
- 1983 - "pakati pa miyala imvi"
- 1987 - "Kusintha Kwa Nkhani"
- 1989 - "ashelic syndrome"
- 1992 - "Wapolisi Woganizira"
- 1994 - "Zosangalatsa"
- 1997 - "Nkhani zitatu"
- 2001 - "Anthu Awiri"
- 2002 - "Zolinga za Chekhov"
- 2004 - "Wovomereza"
- 2007 - "awiri m'modzi"
- 2009 - "Nyimbo yopendekera"
- 2012 - "Kubwerera Kwamuyaya"