Abale Furmm - Broography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wamunthu, Mataiwo Abwino 2021

Chiphunzitso

Abale Furmm - nthano za ku Germany, akatswiri a zilankhulo, anakafika kwa abambo a mafilolo achijeremani. Mwina zingakhale zovuta kupeza munthu yemwe sanamve nthano za olemba zazikuluzi. Koma ngati sindinamve, ndidawona. Malinga ndi zomwe abale a abale amalira, kanema wathunthu wa mafilimu ndi mafilimu omwe adachotsedwa, magwiridwe ambiri amaperekedwa. Ndipo otchulidwa ena a nthano zawo zakhala ndi mayina onse osankhidwa - cinderella, Rapunzel, kukongola kwagona.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Jacob Grimm adabadwa pa Januware 4, 1785, ndipo chaka - 24 February, Wilcher Grimm adawonekera padziko lapansi. Abambo awo Philfer Grimm adagwira ntchito movomerezeka m'bwalo la Khothi Lopulumukira la mzinda wa Khanau. Mu 1791, adasankhidwa kukhala malo a Chiwerengero cha County Shyninau, komwe adasuntha banja lake lonse. Mwamunayo amagwira ntchito kwa masiku ndi usiku, chifukwa cha kutopa komanso kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, kuzizira wamba kumakhala ndi chibayo. Mu 1796, adamwalira, anali ndi zaka 44.

Inde, kwa banja loyera lidakhala tsoka. A Dorothea Grimm - Amayi a abale - adatsala okha ndi ana asanu ndi m'modzi. Pakadali pano, mlongo wake wa bambo - wa Charlotte Spemeriwa adasunthira kwa iwo, ndiye kuti ndi amene adapereka ndalama kwa ndalamazo kwa banjali ndikuwathandiza ku nyumba.

Koma mavutowo adabweranso mwachidule - chammer a azakhali osayembekezeka pang'ono ndikufa mwadzidzidzi. Jacob ndi Wilhelm anali ana okalamba, ndipo amayenera kugwira nawo ntchito za mayi ake. Koma a Dorothea adamvetsetsa kuti anyamatawa ndi anzeru komanso aluso, komanso chinthu chokhacho chomwe angawapatse ndi maphunziro.

Mlongo wake, mlongo wake amakhala - Henrietta Zimmer, mayi wina anavomera kuvomereza anjoka omwe amakonda kwambiri, kotero kuti akupitiliza maphunziro ake mu zhimpu yapamwamba kwambiri. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ophunzira adaphunzira zaka 7-8. Koma abalewo anali olimbikira ntchito kwambiri ndipo aphompho omwe adakwanitsa kudziwa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofulumira kuposa kupumula. Chifukwa chake, adamaliza lyceum patatha zaka zinayi.

Kusukulu, anyamatawa adaphunzira sayansi yachilengedwe, geography, zamakhalidwe, fiosop ndi nzeru, koma maziko a chiphunzitsochi chinali zophunzitsa zachiwerewere komanso zakale. Komabe, kuwerenga kunali kosavuta kuposa m'bale wake. Ndizotheka kuti thanzi lake labwino litakhala. Wilhelm adapezeka ndi mphumu.

Mu 1802, Jacob adalowa ku Yunivesite ya Marburg pa loya, koma Wilhelm adayenera kukhala chithandizo. Chaka chotsatira, Yakobo ananyamula m'bale kupita ku Marburg, ndipo adalowanso ku yunivesite. Zowona, ankafunikira kuwunikira kwamankhwala nthawi zonse.

Mu nthawi yake yaulere, abale ankakonda kujambula, chithunzicho chikafika mchimwene wake ludwig emil, yemwe analimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi bizinesi iyi yomwe tsogolo lake linagwirizanitsidwa ndi luso lakale la Germany ndi ojambula.

Malembo

Abale, makamaka ali ndi chidwi ndi mabuku. Ndi nonse, ngakhale kuti adamaliza maphunziro a malamulo a malamulo, ndakatulo yaku Germany idamangidwa, yomwe Pulofesa Safey adatsegulidwa. Jacob ndi Wilhelm anali kukhala wokamba nkhani ya nthenga zakale kunyumba kwake.

Zochita zina zonse za abale a Grimm zidalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi mabuku aku Germany, mavuto a chisochirochikulu, akuchititsa kafukufuku. Nthano - gawo limodzi lokha la ntchito yodabwitsa, yomwe idachitidwa ndi abale m'munda waofalitsa mabuku ndi zilankhulo.

Mu 1808, Yakobo anapita ku Paris kudzathandiza plussor fanorse kuti atole zinthu za sayansi. Wilhelm adakhala ku yunivesite. Kuyambira ndili mwana, anali oyandikirana wina ndi mnzake kuti ngakhale pazaka izi adayesedwa ndi kulephera komwe sanathe kudzipatula polekanitsa, monga umboni ndi makalata awo.

Mu 1808 amayi awo anamwalira, ndipo nkhawa zonse zokhudza banja lake, zimagwera pamapewa a Yakobo. Kubwerera ku France, adayang'ana nthawi yayitali ndi ntchito yabwino ndipo kenako adakhazikika mu Chinyumba cha Kassel, laibulale yanyumba. Wilhelm adayipitsa dziko lathanzi, ndipo m'baleyo adamtumiza ku malonjezowo. Sanali ndi ntchito yokhazikika nthawi imeneyo.

Pobwerera ku Wilhelm kuchokera ku chithandizo, abalewo adabwera kudzagwira ntchito - mabuku akale ku Germanda adayamba kufufuza. Anakwanitsa kutolera, kubwezeretsanso komanso kulemba nthano zambiri za anthu ambiri, zomwe zidaperekedwa kuchokera mkamwa pa mazana azaka zambiri.

Akazi ambiri a Kasel adachita nawo chilengedwe choyamba cha nthano. Mwachitsanzo. A Frau akudziwa nkhani yosawerengeka omwe adauza Wilhelm. Nthawi zina mwana wawo wamkazi adagwirizana nawo - Gretchen ndi Dortsen. Zaka zambiri zidzadutsa, kapena Dortqun adzakhala mkazi wa Wilhelm.

Chuma amakhala m'nyumba mwawo - Maria Muller. Mayi wina wachikulire anali ndi kukumbukira zinthu zakale, ndipo amadziwa zambiri zazifupi. Maria adauza abale za kukongola kokongola komanso chipewa chofiira cholimba. Koma, kukumbukira nthano izi, Charles Perra amabwera nthawi yomweyo. Zotsatira zake, wolemba weniweni ndi wovuta kwambiri kupeza nthano. Mwakutero, awa ndi nthano yamunthu waku Ikulu.

Chovala chilichonse, kuphatikizapo mantha, kutanthauzira nkhanizi ku njira yake. Apa mwachitsanzo, nthano ya Cinderella. Mu mtundu wa Perra zozizwitsa za mtsikanayo zimamupha. Ndipo abale ake, ndi mtengo wa hazeweni pamanda a amace. Pambuyo pake, sinema "atatu mtedza wa Cinderella" udzapangidwa.

Mu 1812, m'moyo wa Yakobo ndi Wilhelm Crimm, Kupambana koyamba kunachitika - adasindikiza "ana ndi mabanja a nthano". Olemba nthawi yomweyo anayamba kukonzekera nkhani za buku lachiwiri. Zinaphatikizapo nthano zambiri za nthano, kumva osati abale awo, komanso anzawo. Monga kale, olemba adasiya ufulu wopatsa zida zawo zomwe zilankhulo. Buku lawo lachiwiri linawona Kuwala mu 1815. Zowona, mabuku adawonetsedwa.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthano zina zachabe zimawonedwa osayenera kwa ana. Mwachitsanzo, chidutswa chinachotsedwa, pomwe Runzel amasangalala ndi Bambo, chifukwa chake kavalidwewo unakutidwa ndi mimba yake yozungulira. Zinali za kutenga pakati, kubwera pambuyo pa kalonga ndi Kalonga.

Vasily Andreevich zhukovsky adamasulira woyamba wa nthano za abale okonda ku Russia kwa owerenga Russia.

Mu 1819, abalewo anapereka gulu la "galamala ya Germany" la "Germany". Ntchitoyi yakhala yomverera mu gulu lasayansi, adalemba zaka pafupifupi 20 - zinali maziko a maphunziro onse a ziyankhulo za ku Germany.

Komabe, ntchito yayikulu ya abale inali "Germany Dictionary". Anayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1838. Zinali ntchito yovuta komanso yayitali. Pambuyo pazaka zana, a Thomas Mann amatchedwa "Diction" "ngwazi", "chipilala chobisalira." Mosiyana ndi dzinalo, moyenera anali mtanthauzira mawu wotanthauzira chilankhulo za Chijeremani. Popeza olembawo sanakhale ndi nthawi yomaliza kumaliza ntchitoyo, bizinesi yawo idapitilirabe mibadwo yotsatira ya mafashoni. Chifukwa chake, zinali zotheka kumaliza ntchitoyo pofika zaka za 1960 - 120 zitayamba.

Moyo Wanu

Nyumba za ku Rulde Vilda Vilda m'nyumba yam'madzi vilde adadziwana ndi mwana wake wamkazi. Pa nthawiyo anali atatsala pang'ono kukwiya kwambiri. Kusiyana pakati pawo ndi wazaka 10. Koma, okhwima, achinyamata nthawi yomweyo anapeza chilankhulo wamba. Anamuthandiza pa zabwino zonse, kuti azikhala makamaka ndi bwenzi. Mu 1825, awiriwo adakwatirana.

Posakhalitsa mtsikanayo anatenga pakati. Mu 1826, a Dorthen adabereka mwana wamwamuna, yemwe adatchedwa Yakobo, ndipo Yakobo Sr. adakhala bambo ake. Koma patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mwana anamwalira ndi jaundice. Mu Januware 1828, okwatirana adabadwa mwana wamwamuna wachiwiri - Herman. Pambuyo pake adasankha ntchito ya wolemba mbiri yakale.

Koma Yakobo Grim adakhalabe bachelor, bambo wina adadzipereka kuntchito ndi banja la mchimwene wake.

Imfa

Pa Disembala 16, 1859, Wilhelm Grimm adamwalira. Matendawa akufa adayambanso kuchitapo kanthu kumbuyo kwake. Sanali ndi thanzi lovuta posachedwa, koma palibe amene amayembekeza zoterezi nthawi ino. Tsiku lililonse, Wilhelm anali woipa. Opaleshoniyo sinathandizire. Munthuyo adadzuka kutentha. Mavuto ake adayima kuchoka m'mapapu m'masabata awiri. Yakobo anapitilizabe kukhala ndi Wilhelm ndi adzuwa.

Mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake, wolemba adagwira ntchito yotanthauzira. Mawu omaliza omwe adalemba anali mawu oti "frucht" (chipatso). Munthuyo adayamba kuyipa pa desiki. Yakobo anamwalira ndi sitiroko pa Seputembara 20, 1863.

Makonda otchuka padziko lonse lapansi adayikidwa m'manda a St. Mateyu ku Berlin.

M'bali

• "Mmbulu ndi Mbuzi Zisanu ndi ziwiri"
• "Hansel ndi Gretel"
• "Kakachipewa kofiyira kakang'ono kokwera"
• "Cinderella"
• "Chipale choyera ndi matalala asanu ndi awiriwo"
• "Akazi a Meltelitsta"
• "Smart Elsa"
• "Rapunzel"
• "King Drozdoodorodod"
• "Purridge"
• "OGWIRA BWANJI AMENE AMAKHALA"
• "Khama Lolimba Mtima"
• "Hare ndi Hedge"
• "Gogogoge"
• "Chiphadzuwa chogona"