Chiphunzitso
Filosofi wamkulu ndi woganiza zomwe malingaliro awo amakhala ofunikira pakulingalira bwino. Bizinesi ya George Hegel imadzaza ndi malingaliro asayansi omwe adabweretsa wasayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Kukonzekera Hegel ndi pamwamba pa malingaliro a filosofia ndipo amaphunziridwa mayunivesite amakono ngati maziko a sayansi.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mu Ogasiti 1770, Georrig Hegel adabadwira ku Stuttgart, yemwe adakhazikitsidwa kuti alowetse nkhani ya sayansi ya filosofical. Abambo adagwira ntchito yodziwika bwino ku Kürtingmumber Szuke. Kukhala ndi chiyambi chotere, mnyamatayo adalandira maphunziro apasukulu. Abambo, omwe amayang'anira maphunziro okwanira kusukulu, amawononga mphamvu ndi ndalama, kuitanira aphunzitsi ena ku nyumbayo.
Filosofi wamtsogolo ndiye anasankha maphunziro ake, ndipo kulakalaka kunali kuwerenga. Ngakhale ndalama m'thumba zidagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuku atsopano. Mnyamatayo adakhala relamu aibulale mumzinda. Zokonda m'mabuku adaperekedwa kwa sayansi ndi malingaliro, komanso olemba olemba zakale. Koma zojambulajambula, gulu lotchuka la ku Germany, silinaphatikizidwe m'mitundu yambiri yomwe amakonda. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mnyamatayo adalandira mphotho za magwiridwe antchito komanso kulimbikira.
Pambuyo pa kumaliza kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi mu 1788, hegel amatenga maphunziro azachipembedzo ndi afilosofi mu seminale ku Yunivesite ya tubingham. Pamenepo, wachinyamata amateteza dissestation. Panthawi yophunzirayo, imayandikira chipolopolo komanso ndakatulo ya Staerlin. Kukhala wamng'ono komanso wambiri, komanso oganiza bwino nthawi imeneyo, amakonda kuitana kuti atembenukire ku France, koma salowa m'magulu awo.
Yunivesite imapitiriza kuwerenga ndi mabuku, zomwe zimakondweretsa ophunzira anzanga, koma osati kusokoneza mnyamatayo. Chimwemwe choopsa cha unyamata kulinso kwa wophunzirayo. Monga abwenzi, woganiza mtsogolo anagwiritsa ntchito vinyo, Nyukal fodya ndipo nthawi zina amakhala madzulo.
Mlingo wa master unalandiridwa ndi hegeli ku filosopa, koma zaka zitatu zapitazi amaphunzira zamulungu, ngakhale wophunzirayo amatchula tchalitchi ndi kupembedza. Mwina, chifukwa chake, ngakhale pali mayeso abwino kwambiri, wansembeyo sanakhale wansembe.
Atamasulidwa, mnyamatayo adapeza kuti amagwiritsa ntchito kwa ana a Gramani wokongola. Ntchito ngati imeneyi siiwo wafilosofi kwambiri wamtsogolo, adapereka mwayi wogwira ntchito pa ntchito zawo ndikuchita kusaka kwa sayansi. Komabe, atamwalira bamboyo mu 1799, bambo wina wachinyamata adapeza cholowa cholowa mu 1799, iye amaletsa ntchito yapanyumba ya mphunzitsiyo ndikumira pamutu wake kuti akhale paukadaulo komanso sayansi, komanso kuphunzitsidwa bwino.
Mafilosofi ndi sayansi
Kuyamba kwa malingaliro ofunikira a hegeli kunandi mu ntchito za Kant, omwe amawerengedwa kuti ndiye woyambitsa malingaliro. Komabe, nzeru za Hereeli mu chitukuko zidachoka ku Kant, wopangidwa kulowa chiphunzitso chokha.
Njira yanzeru ya woganiza ku Germany adalandira dzina la machezale. Chofunikira cha lingaliro Labwino la malingaliro ndikuti zenizeni zaphunziridwa bwino, chifukwa chilengedwe chonsecho chimakhala chopatsa chidwi. Ndipo zenizeni mu mtherawu ndi malingaliro chabe omwe amadzinyezimiritsa okha padziko lapansi.
Nkhaniyi ili mu kusintha kopanda tanthauzo kwa lingaliro losiyanitsa. Afilosofi, akufotokozera kuti lingaliro lililonse pamapeto pake limabweretsa chiwerewere, koma izi siziletsa njirayi, ndipo chotsatiracho ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kaphatikizidwe ka anthu awiri otsutsana.
Dongosolo la Gegel lili ndi masitepe atatu - kukhala lokha monga kudzipangira Yekha ndi kukhala mwa iye yekha. Lingaliro lofananalo limagwiranso ntchito pa lingaliro la mzimu ndi malingaliro. Monga mzimuwo pakokha, kufalikira mumlengalenga, kumakhala kubadwa paokha - chilengedwe. Ndipo chilengedwe chikuyamba kuzindikira, zomwe zimachitikanso zitatu.
Mfundo yofananira yogawa magawo atatu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi hegel ndi dongosolo la filosofi. Mfundo - sayansi ya mzimu pa iyo yokha yokha; Chizindikiro cha fuko - sayansi ya Mzimu yanu; komanso nzeru za Mzimu.
Makhalidwe abwino, malingaliro a boma komanso nzeru za mbiri yakale zikhala yofunika kwa anthu ndi zigawo zanzeru. Malinga ndi ziphunzitso za Gegel, dzikolo ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri a Mzimu, lingaliro laumulungu lomwe limalandira chibadwa padziko lapansi, chomwe Mzimu unadzipangira yekha. Zowona, wafilosofi akunena kuti boma ili ndi langwiro. Zenizeni ndi yodzaza ndi zabwino komanso zoipa.
Nkhaniyi, imafotokozedwanso ngati sayansi yoganiza bwino, pomwe zochitika zimachitika malinga ndi malamulo a malingaliro. Malamulo akuwoneka ngati mwankhanza komanso osalungama, koma sangathe kuweruzidwa ndi miyezo yokhazikika. Iwo amatsatira cholinga cha mzimu wapadziko lonse womwe supezeka nthawi yomweyo kuti uzimvetsetsa anthu.
Inde, malingaliro ngati amenewa achidwi omvera ndi anthu komanso mphamvu. Pang'onopang'ono, chiphunzitsocho chimakhala chotsimikizira za boma, ngakhale kuti Hegili mwini sanagawane ndi wandale wa Prussia. Mabuku a Hegel amapangidwa ndi mapiri osindikizidwa ndipo amaphunziridwa m'mayunivesite ndi oyambitsa.
Choyamba pamndandanda wazomwe zimawonedwa komanso zomwe zili mkhalidwe zinali "chodabwitsa cha Mzimu", chomwe chidawona Kuwala mu 1807, pomwe malingaliro ofunikira, malingaliro a machezake amapangidwa.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Hegeli sanapereke tanthauzo nthawi zonse matanthauzidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malingalirowo. Pankhani imeneyi, mayendedwe omwe amagwirizanitsa otsatira aphunzitsi akuwonekera. Anzeru amatanthauzira oyambitsa omwe adayambitsa macheza munjira m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndikupanga malamulo awo okukula.
Nthawi zingapo, ziphunzitso za Gegel zidatsutsidwa molimba. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yofanana ndi wafilosofi arthur Schopernauer adaimbidwa mlandu mu kagayikiti, ndipo chiphunzitsocho m'chinsinsi chathunthu, chomwe chimaperekedwa mwachidziwikire.
Moyo Wanu
Malingaliro a buku la Nuremberg Coragesalium, lolandidwa mu 1808, sanabweretse malipiro akulu. Poyamba, Hegel ndi malingaliro ake sanasangalale ndi ophunzira. Komabe, monga momwe gawoli limathandizira ziphunzitsozo, kumasulidwa kwa mabuku omwe amavomerezedwa m'mabwalo apamwamba kwambiri, zojambulajambula za wafilosofiri zimatenga omvera onse.
Mu 1811, hegeli asankha kukhala ndi banja lake ndipo amakwatira mwana wamkazi wa makolo omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi Mary Von Tukher. Mtsikanayo akukhala naye kawiri, koma mwamunayo, yemwe ndi wochita bwino kwambiri komanso zomwe akuchita.
Famu Hegel adanyamuka payokha, kuwongolera mtengo ndi ndalama za banja. Mkazi adazolowera mdzakazi m'modzi. Okwatirana adayamba kuwoneka ana. Mwana wamkazi woyambayo anamwalira atabadwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitikira amayi achichepere a nthawi imeneyo. Ndipo kubadwa kwa ana amuna awiri kunatsatiridwa ndi Karl ndi Emanueli.
Mabanja ndi mabanja sizinatilepheretse zafilosolofi kudzipereka ku sayansi ndikulemba mabuku atsopano. Mu 1816, wasayansi amalandila pentipo ngati pulofesa wamba ku University wa Heidelberg. Ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi, mwa lamulo, mfumuyo imalandira malo a profesa a The Berlin University. Panthawiyo, Berlin anali likulu la lingaliro laluntha, zonona za anthu owunikiridwa komanso zapamwamba zimakhala ku likulu.
Asayansiyo mwachangu malowa, anakulitsa gulu la chibwenzi. Mwa abwenzi atsopanowa adawoneka a Atumiki, ojambula, malingaliro a sayansi. Monga a nthawi ya anthu a nthawi ya anthawiyo amawuzidwa m'mafanizo, hegeli ankakonda gulu lake, amadziwa kuti mphekesera za matauni. Anawasankha kucheza ndi akazi, azimayi achichepere. Philosofi awokha adadziwika chifukwa cha Fran weniweni. Pazinthu za iye ndi okwatirana zimayenda gawo lalikulu la bajeti.
Mu 1830, hegeli anasankhidwa kukhala buku la Universin ku Berlin, ndipo mu 1831 adalandira dongosolo la chiwombankhanga chofiira cha gawo la boma.
Imfa
Mu 1830, kolera anakantha Berlin. Wafilosofi ndi banja lake mwachangu adachoka mumzinda. Komabe, mu Okutobala, poganizira kuti ngoziyo idachitika, yomwe idabwezeranso kumayambiriro kwa semesita. Pa Novembala 14 a chaka chomwecho, wasayansi wamkulu adamwalira.Malinga ndi madotolo, woganiza bwino kwambiri adasiya moyo chifukwa cha kukwera masauzande a mliri wa mliri, koma matenda am'mimba amakhala ngati kusiya moyo. Maliro a asayansi odziwika bwino adachitika pa Novembara 16.
M'bali
- 1807 - "Zowonjezera za Mzimu"
- 1812-1816 - Science of Pulogalamu "
- 1817 - "Encyclopedia of Filosofical Sayansi"
- 1821 - "malingaliro a Lamulo"