Chiphunzitso
Erich Somem - American psychoanaly ndi mizu ya Chijeremani, omwe adapanga lingaliro la psychoanalysis wachimwemwe. Woimira bwino pasukulu ya Frankfurt, m'modzi mwa oyambitsa Neofreedism ndi Fredomism.
Mabuku ambiri odziwika bwino asychology of the umunthu wolembedwa ndi chilankhulo cha chiwalo chinakhala bwino: "Ndege ya iye", "khalani" chikondi. "
Mutu waukulu wa chiphunzitso cha Erich Elema, pafupifupi moyo wake wonse wodzipereka phunzirolo, anali wotsutsana ndi anthu padziko lapansi.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ts Psychoanalyst idabadwira ku Frankfurt am ukulu mu 1900. Mwana wakhanda yekha m'banja la Orthodox. Namendale oyambira, mutu wa mabanja, anali ndi shopu ya vinyo. Amayi Erich, Rosa Krause, mwana wamkazi wa osamuka ku Poznan (ndiye Prussia). Banjali lathandiza miyambo yachipembedzo, ndipo makolo anali atalakalaka mwana wake wamwamuna Rabi kapena, wouma.
Erich adaphunzirira kusukulu, komwe maziko a Chiyuda komanso zinthu zambiri zophunzitsa zidaphunzitsidwa. Mu 1918, kuchokera kusukulu anamaliza sukulu ndipo anayamba kukhala wophunzira wa heraderbel. Ku yunivesite, Erich adasankha nzeru, zamakhalidwe ndi zama psychology zomwe zili ndi zofunikira.
Mu 1922, Erich Somem adateteza ma sectory, posankha mutu wa chilamulo cha Chiyuda komanso anthu achiyuda. Woyang'anira wake anali Alfred Weber - mng'ono wa wolemba mbiri yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso wachuma.
Kuyambira kudapitilira maphunziro ku Berlin, ku Institutes ya Psychoanalysts, wotchuka kwa ophunzira ake ndi aphunzitsi a Sandor rado, Max Eiseon.
Ku Berlin, Erich Somem adakumana ndi mtsogolo wamtsogolo Horeney Holney, Psyynayalyst, amaliza maphunziro a Institute komanso chithunzi chofunikira. Horney wotchuka adathandiza kuchokera ku Ofmus kuti atumize zolemba za Psychology ku Chicago.
Malingaliro
Pakati pa 1920s, Erich Somem idakhala psykhonalyst ndikutsegula chizolowezi chayekha, chomwe sichinaime ndi zaka 35. Kuyankhulana ndi odwala kunapereka zinthu zolemera pofufuza zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zachikhalidwe chifukwa cha psyche yamunthu.
Mu Frankfurt, akugwira ntchito ku Institute pa kafukufuku wa chaka cha 1929 mpaka 1932, kuyambira akumveka bwino ndipo adafotokoza zomwe adawona. Pa zaka izi, adalemba ndi kutulutsa zoyambirira za njira ndi zitsanzo za psychology.
Mu 1933, Adolf Hitler adabwera ku mphamvu, wasayansi adasamukira ku Switzerland, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi ku America. Ku New York, Enma adatengedwa kupita ku yunivesite ya Columbia, kutsimikizira kuti aphunzitse psychology ndi mafinya. Kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1940, wasayansi waku Germany adayima pa chiyambi cha Sukulu ya Washington, ndipo mu 1946 adakhala woyambitsa wa psynatry alalani a William Alalani.
Mu 1950, psychoyalyst idasamukira ku likulu la Mexico ndipo limagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi mu yunivesite yapamwamba kwambiri ku North ndi South America kwa zaka 15. Erich Somem adafufuza ma projekiti a ma ensosi osiyanasiyana ndikufalitsa ntchito "athanzi labwino", momwe adatsutsira dongosolo la capitalist.
Mu 1960, wasayansi adalowa chipani cha ku America ndipo ngakhale adalemba zitsulo kuti maphwando atangotsutsa. Erich Onm Werengani ophunzira a Erich, amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito zasayansi ndipo adatenga nawo mbali. Katswiri wina wa psychoanalyst ndipo katswiri wa zachikhalidwe adayitanidwa ku New York ndi Michigan.
Exma imagwira ntchito yotchuka kwambiri. Wopatsa bwino anakhala bukulo "kuthawa ufulu", lofalitsidwa koyambirira kwa 1940s. Wasayansi adafufuza zosintha mu psyche komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu m'mikhalidwe ya Western Chikhalidwe, amawona kuti akufuna kuti munthu akhale wosungulumwa. Makamaka pantchito yake yokonzanso nthawi yakukonzanso komanso ziphunzitso za akatswiri azaukali a Jean Calvin ndi Martin Luther.
Mu 1947, wasayansi analemba mopitirira muyeso wotchuka paulendowu wathawa kuuluka, kumutcha "menyo," yomwe inapanga lingaliro la kudzipereka kwa anthu mdziko lapansi la mfundo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Erich Somet adawona zomwe zimayambitsa neuroses pakugonjetsedwa kwa munthu mu kulimbana, ndi ntchito ya Psychoanalysis yotchedwa kuwulula zowona za iye.
Cha m'ma 1950s, woyambitsa wachizolowezi wa Sosychoanalysis adafalitsa buku "lathanzi labwino", momwe adafotokozera mutu wa ubale pakati pa anthu ndi anthu. Mu ntchitoyi, Erich Somem anayesa 'kuyanjanitsa "malingaliro otsatizana a Sigmund Freud ndi Karl Marx. Woyambayo amakhulupirira kuti munthu mwachilengedwe ndi Antntntocial, wachiwiri - yemweyo ndi "nyama yakunja". Bukuli lidayamba kugulitsa, lomwe lidasakazidwa. Mmodzi wa iwo:
"Mu zaka za XIX. Vuto linali loti Mulungu ali wakufa; Mu xx - munthu wakufa. "Kufufuza zama psychology ndi machitidwe amitundu ndi mayiko, psychoyalyst idazindikira kuti kudzipha kocheperako kumachitika m'maiko osauka kwambiri. Cinema, wailesi, wailesi yakanema, Fekodomu Maukulu otchedwa "njira zoti adzipulumutseko chifukwa cha chitukuko cha azungu kwa milungu 4, ndiye kuti masauzande ambiri amapezeka ndi neurosis.
Pakati pa 1960s, anyani adapatsa ntchito yatsopano, dzina lake "munthu dzina lake". M'bukuli, katswiri wazamisala wa ku Germany adayang'ana kwambiri tanthauzo la zoyipa. Mwanjira ina, ntchitoyi yakhala yopitilira pa "zotchedwa" Luso ". Kukangana za zoyipa, Erich4 ya Erich inamaliza kuti chiwawa chimapanga chikhumbo chofuna kulamulira, osati achisoni owopsa ndi zilombo, ndi anthu angati omwe amaganiza mwa m'manja.
Mu 1970s, kuyambiranso, akupitiliza kupenda mavuto azachipatala a nthawi, kunapangitsa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke ndi moyo wathu "zisalimbikitse.
Moyo Wanu
Kukonda kwambiri okalamba mu zaka azimayi Erich adalongosola kuti kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa amayi ali mwana. Mkazi woyamba wa wasayansi wazaka 26 anakhala mnzake wamkulu wa Frida Reichmann, yemwe ali ndi njira yophunzitsira ya psychoanalysis.
Ndi Frieda Emem anakhala zaka 4 zokha, koma mayiyo adakhudza ukadaulo wa mwamuna wake. Pambuyo polekanira, adakhalabe abwenzi, ndipo adasudzulidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1940, pomwe Erich adakumana ndi Karen Horni.
Achikazi achikazi komanso psyyyayalyst horney nthawi zambiri amalowa chibwenzi ndi anzawo, mosalekeza kukhumudwitsidwa mwa osankhidwa. Nthawi zina, Karen anali ndi okonda angapo nthawi imodzi, aliyense wa iwo adakwaniritsa mikhalidwe yosowa.
Karen ndi Erich adadziwa ku Berlin. Bukulo lidawonekera ku America, komwe adasamukira. Technology yophunzitsidwa bwino ya Horchoayalysis, ndiye Asias ya Sociology. Bukulo silinavekedwe ndi ukwati, koma asayansi akhala atamaliza kudziwana wina ndi mnzake ndikusinthananso akatswiri.
Kwa nthawi yachiwiri, kwa okwatirana zaka 40. Mkazi wake anakhala ndi zaka 10 aku Henney Gourland, wojambula komanso mtolankhani. Henny anali ndi matenda oopsa. Kuwongolera zowawa za wokwatirana, kuyambira pa upangiri wa asing'anga adasamukira ku Mexico City. Imfa ya wokondedwa wake mu 1952 zidadabwitsa wasayansi. Kukhala ndi Gourland, psymany ku Germany inali ndi chidwi ndi abodza abodza ndi zn Buddha.
Ndinatha kupirira nkhawa za kuvutika maganizo, popeza ndakumana ndi Annimen. Anakhala wamkazi wamkazi yekhayo amene anali wachichepere.
Onse pamodzi, okwatirana adakhala ndi zaka 27, mpaka wasayansi wamwalira. Annice aku America adauza mwamuna wake kuti alembe chikondi cha sayansi. "
Imfa
Pansi pa nsalu yotchinga ya 1960s, Erich Onma adazindikira kuukira kwa mtima woyamba. Cha m'ma 1970, wasayansi anasamukira ku Switzer Facto, komwe anamaliza maphunziro a bukulo 'ndi kukhala ". Mu 1977 ndi 1978, kuchokera kucomrom unali ndi vuto lachiwiri ndi lachitatu.
Mtima wa psychoanalyt yotchuka ya psychoalyt yoyimilira mu 1980. Kufikira chikumbutso cha 80 kwa Erich4 cha Erich sichinapulumuke masiku 5.
M'bali
- 1922 - "lamulo lachiyuda. Kwa anthu achikhalidwe cha Diaspora Chiyuda "
- 1941 - "ufulu wa ndege"
- 1947 - "Men]"
- 1949 - "Mwamuna ndi Mkazi"
- 1950 - "Psy Psychoyalysis ndi Chipembedzo"
- 1951 - "chilankhulo choyiwalika. Mawu oyambira sayansi yomvetsetsa maloto, nthano ndi nthano chabe "
- 1955 - "Anthu athanzi labwino"
- 1956 - "Art chikondi"
- 1962 - "Kumbali ina za zonunkhira zisamachitike. Ndikakumana ndi Marx ndi Freud "
- 1968 - "chilengedwe"
- 1970 - "Vuto la Psychoanalysis"
- 1973 - "Kuwonongedwa kwa anthu"
- 1976 - "kukhala ndi kapena kukhala"
- 1979 - "Wamkulu ndi malire a fakitale ya Freud"
- 1981 - "Chifukwa cha kusamvera ndi nkhani zina"