Chiphunzitso
Kuwala kwa maluwa, kuphweka kwa ukadaulo, kufotokoza - zithunzi za wojambula wa France Henri Matrisse zimakhudza chiyambi. Mtsogoleri wa fovima anayesa gulu la luso lowoneka lisanapezekeko, lomwe limadziwika ndi "kuthengo".Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Amayi a wojambula wamkulu ndi mzinda wa kumpoto kwa Le Cato-Camtay ku France. Pano mu 1869, mwana woyamba, amene Heremi Emil Benua Indiss adabadwa m'banja la njere yabwino. Chikondwerero cha mwana chidanenedweratu - nthawi imeneyo cholowa m'banjamo adakakamizidwa kuti agwire ntchito ya Atate. Koma, mwachiwonekere, mnyamatayo adalandira mayi wa amayi omwe amakonda nthawi yaulere yopenda maluso a ceramic.
Henri adakonzekera mtsogolomo, adaphunzira kusukulu, ndiye kuti ali m'mbuyomu. Komanso, mawonekedwewo, motsutsana ndi chifuniro cha mutu wa banja, adapita ku Paris kuti amvetsetse zalamulo. Ndi diploma, kutali ndi zojambula, kubwerera kunyumba, komwe amagwira ntchito miyezi ingapo ndi alembi.
Fate idathetsa matendawa. Mbiri yolenga ya wojambulayo idayamba mu 1889, pomwe Henri utri utrisse adagwera mpeni wa dokotala wa opaleshoni ndi appendicitis.
Kubwezeretsedwanso pambuyo pa opareshoni miyezi iwiri. Kuti mwana asaphonye, amayi adabweretsa zida za chipatala chojambula, ndipo Matsisse adayamba mwadzidzidzi. Pakadali pano, mnyamatayo pomaliza pake, mnyamatayo pamapeto pake adazindikira zomwe akufuna kuwononga moyo.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Maloto a kukhala wophunzira wa sukulu ya metropolitan ya aluso okongola sanapatsidwe. Kufika kwa Henri kwalephera, motero ndimayenera kukhala pamalo a mabungwe ena ophunzitsira, komwe ndidadziwiratu zojambula za Aza. Ndipo komabe mu 1895, "linga" lodzipereka - limodzi ndi wojambula wakale Albert Martis Sitesse adalemba zojambulajambula, mu Moro Gustas.
Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zokonda zaluso, luso lamakono linaphatikizidwa, Henri Matrisse analinso malangizo achi Japan. Wosunga ku ubongo wa Kosya moro adatumiza ophunzira kuti aphunzire "kusewera" ku Louvre, komwe Henri adayesetsa kutsanzira zojambula zapamwamba, kukopera zojambula zapamwamba. Mbuyeyo adaphunzitsa "kulota utoto", womwe ndi wochokera ku Uttist Stists, panali chidwi chofuna kupeza mitundu yoyenera yofalitsa zinthu.
Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito, osakaniza a ziphunzitso za moro ndi zinthu zobwereketsa kuchokera kwa ambuye a burashi omwe awonetsedwa kale. Mwachitsanzo, moyo wa "Schidama Botolo" limadziwika ndi malingaliro anzeru: Mkono umodzi, mitundu yamdima imatsanzira kuthamangitsa, ndipo kusakaniza kwamdima - mana. Pambuyo pake, Henri adazindikira:
"Ndikuwona mbali yowoneka bwino ya utoto. Podutsa mawonekedwe ophukira, sindingakumbukire mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera nthawi ino ya chaka, ndidzandilimbikitsira chabe momwe nthawi yophukira ... ndimasankha utoto osati lingaliro lililonse la sayansi, koma mwa kumverera, kuwona ndi kuona. "Kuwerenga kwa kalasiyo mwachangu kunabweretsa wojambulayo mwachangu, ndipo adatembenukira ku malingaliro achipongwe, makamaka, atawerama ku Vincentn Canvas. Van Gogh. Mtundu woyambirira uja udakalipo, koma pang'onopang'ono adapeza chimbudzi, chinyengo chinayamba kusintha kukhala kalembedwe kake. Kale mu 1896, zolengedwa zoyambirira za chopondera choyambirira chinayamba kuwonekera mu utoto waluso.
Chiwonetsero choyambacho sichinatulutse nkhunda m'mabwalo a maluso aluso. Henri unisse adaganiza zochoka ku likulu la France kupita kumpoto, komwe adayesera mphamvu munjira ya Snoms. Pakadali pano, mbambande yoyamba - "zapamwamba, mtendere ndi chisangalalo" zidatuluka pansi pa nthenga zake. Koma mwamunayo sanapeze nkhani iyi "mbadwa".
Kusintha kwa ntchito ya ojambula kunabwera ku 1905. Matchest, limodzi ndi gulu la anthu okonda anthu ngati afano, adapanga mawonekedwe atsopano popaka utoto, wotchedwa Fovism. Mphamvu ya utoto, woperekedwa pachionetsero, adawadabwitsa omvera. Henri adadziwitsa ntchito ziwiri - chithunzi cha mkazi mu chipewa ndi chithunzithunzi "chotseguka".
Ojambulawo adagunda mkwiyo, alendowo sanamvetsetse momwe anganyalanyaze miyambo yonse ya maluso abwino. Oyambitsa mawonekedwe anali opaka ndi zoponda, ndiye kuti, amasunga ndalama.
Komabe, chidwi chotere, ngakhale choyipa, chimadzetsa ku USSS kutchuka ndi magawo abwino: mafani adawoneka pajambula, omwe adawagulira mosangalala. Mwachitsanzo, "mkazi yemwe anali m'chiwonetserochi nthawi yomweyo pachiwonetserocho adatenga Wolemba waku America Sterrud Stein, ndipo chinsalu cha Canvas" Chikondwerero cha Moyo "
Pambuyo pake, chochitika chofunikira chinachitika - wojambulayo adakumana ndi Pablo Picasso Komabe, kulankhulana kunayamba zaka zambiri paubwenzi, pomwe mabwanawa amasamba akupikisana wina ndi mnzake. Picasso ananena kuti imfa ya aliyense wa iwo idzakhala yotayika mosazindikira, chifukwa kuti tikambirane mafunso ena opanga mofulumira osagwirizana ndi wina aliyense.
Zingwe ziwiri zodziwika bwino kwambiri - "kuvina" ndi "Nyimbo" - Matisse adalemba za woyang'anira Sergei Schikin. Zojambula zaku Russia zoyitanitsa kunyumba ku Moscow. Wojambulayo, akugwira ntchito zojambula, ikani cholinga choti apange china chake chomwe chili pafupi ndi nyumbayo adamva mpumulo ndi mtendere. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kukhazikitsa zithunzi za Henri Kuwongolera payekha - Mfalemani adafika ku likulu la Russia, komwe adatengedwa ndi chisangalalo. Wojambulayo adatsimikiza zotolera zifanizo zakale za mwini nyumbayo ndi kuphweka kwa Russia.
Zikuwoneka kuti, chindapusa chajambulacho chili ndi chabwino, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo anapita paulendo. Adapita ku Algeria MINaury ya Eastern, ndikubwerera kunyumba, nthawi yomweyo adakhala kuntchito - kuwala kunawona chithunzicho "Blue Maude". Ulendowu unangoganiza za uttisse, zinthu zatsopano zikuwoneka muukadaulo, munthu amapanga mabodza, zolemba pa ceramic ndi mtengo.
Chithumwa cham'mawa sanalole kupita, M Frenchman anapitilizabe kudziwana ndi Africa, kusamukira ku Morocco. Ndipo kenako anapita paulendo wopita ku Europe ndi America. Pakadali pano, ntchito yake idayamba kuchepa, lomba ndi zobisika komanso zozama kwambiri, pamakhala kulumikizana ndi chilengedwe.
Pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, wojambulayo adapeza Ofclogy, opaleshoniyo atatha kuyenda. Panthawiyo, Matisse adawulula mbali yatsopano m'munda wa detoloupage, yomwe imakhazikika pamtundu wa zojambula kuchokera papepala.
Mfundo yomwe ntchito ya Henri Matsister inaika ntchito yayikulu yopanga mapangidwe a amonke a ku Vann. Amanenedwa kuti wojambulayo adafunsidwa kuti asinthe zojambulajambula, koma amapukuta manja ake ndikupanga ntchito yonse. Mwa njira, wogwira ntchito uyu adawona chizindikiro china cha moyo wa Dzuwa komanso zabwino kwambiri m'mphepete mwake.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wamunthu wa Henri Matrisse adakongoletsedwa azimayi atatu. Mu 1984, wojambulayo adayamba kukhala bambo - Model Carolina Zoblo adapereka utoto waluso ndi mwana wamkazi Margarita. Komabe, Henri adakwatirana ndi mtsikana uyu.
Amelie pareri anakhala wokwatirana naye, yemwe woimira dziko lapansi la utoto unakumana paukwati wa Comrade. Mtsikanayo adachita ngati bwenzi la Mkwatibwi, ndipo Henri adabzala mwachisawawa pafupi ndi tebulo. Amelie anayamba kukondana koyamba, mnyamatayo nawonso anayambanso kuyika zizindikiro. Mtsikanayo adakhala munthu woyamba yemwe adakhulupirira talente yake mopanda malire.
Ukwati wa mkwati asanacheze mkwatibwi kuti malo akulu m'moyo adzagwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Ngakhale paukwati, banja latsopanoli linapita ku London kuti lizidziwa ntchito ya William Turner.
Mu ukwati, ana a Jean-gerard ndi kubadwa. Okwatirana nawonso adapitanso m'banjamo kuti alere Margarita. Kwa zaka zambiri, mwana wamkazi ndi mkaziyo adakhala m'malo mwa mitundu yayikulu ndi nyimbo za wojambula. Chimodzi mwa zojambula zotchuka zoperekedwa kwa mkazi wake ndi "Mzere wobiriwira", wolembedwa mu 1905.
Chithunzichi cha mzimayi wokondedwa adagwa kenako motsutsana ndi zojambula "zoyipa". Omvera adakhulupirira kuti nthumwi ya Fovisma idatalika mtima kwambiri ndikuwala kwa utoto ndi kunena moona.
Pafupifupi kutchuka, komwe kunabwera pa 30s, wojambulayo amafunikira wothandizira. Matsasse nthawi imeneyo ndi banja lake adasamukira ku zabwino. Nthawi ina panali kuwonongeka kwa ku Russian ku Rusdian, komwe kunadzakhala mlembi wa wopwetekayo. Mnzakeyo sanawone zoopsa za mtsikanayo - mwamuna wake sanakonde blonde. Koma zinthu zasintha pomwepo: Mwangozi a Lidiya m'chipinda cha mkazi wake, Henri anathamangira kumukoka.
Pambuyo pake, amelie anasudzulana ndi mkazi wotchuka, ndipo diektoman adakhala wa Museum wa Staissa. Ndi ubale wamtundu wanji womwe unalamulira mu mgwirizano uno, unali chikondi, kapena banja linangogwira ntchito limodzi, silikudziwikabe. Mwa zojambula ndi zojambula zomwe Lidiya zikuwonetsedwa, nyumbayo ndi ma canvas "Odewask. Chiyanjano cha Blue. "
Imfa
Pa Novembala 1, 1954, Henri Mathissea adakantha microinvation. Patatha masiku awiri, wojambula wamkulu adamwalira. Nthano ikunena kuti ogulitsa kutsogolo kwaimfa adachezera wojambula m'chipinda, komwe adati:"Pa tsiku lina munganene kuti: Tipereke pensulo ndi pepala."Henri ndi kumwetulira kuyankhidwa:
"Tiyeni tipereke pensulo ndi pepala."Nchito
- 1896 - "Botolo la Schidam"
- 1905 - "Chimwemwe cha Moyo"
- 1905 - "mkazi mu chipewa"
- 1905 - "Nyenyezi Yobiriwira"
- 1905 - "Tsinzi Lotseguka M'mbuyo"
- 1907 - "manenenu abuluu"
- 1908 - "chipinda chofiira"
- 1910 - "Nyimbo"
- 1916 - "Wosambira pa mtsinje"
- 1935 - "Pink Many"
- 1937 - "Mkazi ku Volelet Coat"
- 1940 - "bulawu la Chiromanian"
- 1952 - "Chisoni Cha Mfumu"