Chiphunzitso
Raisa Maksmovna adakumbukira osati ngati mayi wachiyambipo wa dzikolo ndi mkazi wa Purezidenti yekhayo wa Soviet Union. Mayi uyu adapeza mphamvu yochita zinthu moyenera, komanso ntchito yake, ndi moyo wabanja, zomwe, chifukwa cha positi yayikulu ya mnzake, zidali m'manja mwake.Pa nthawi yonse ya Purisani, Mikhal Gogochex Ngakhale pambuyo pake, Risa gorbachesava adakambidwa ndi kutsutsidwa, koma ndiofunika kukangana kuti mzimayi uyu yemwe ali ndi vuto lochita bwino ndikuchita bwino.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mnzanu wamtsogolo wa Purezidenti adabadwa pa Januware 5 (Capricorn pa chizindikiro cha zodiac) cha 1932 mumzinda wa Rubysovsk (madera a Altai). Tate wa Raisa Maximovna ali ku Ukraine, mbadwa za Chernihiv, mayiyo ndi wa ku Siberia. Ana atatu adakula m'banjamo: Raisa pang'ono anali ndi mlongo wanga wachichepere ndi m'bale. Mlongo Locamila, muukwati yemwe adatenga dzina lomaliza AIukasov, adagwira ntchito ngati dokotala-osulisti. Mbale Evgeny Titikonko adakhala wolemba.
Chifukwa cha ntchito ya abambo (ankagwira ntchito yopanga njanji) Banja la Timenko ndi dzina lotere la Raisa Gorisa riachecacheva - nthawi zambiri limasunthidwa. Sankakhala kuti asakhale ndi moyo, motero Raisa kuyambira ali aang'ono amvetsetsa: ndikofunikira kuphunzira bwino ndikulandila ntchito kuthandiza makolo. Malingaliro awa mwa mwanayo anathandiza mayi, omwe ali mwana wake sanathe maphunziro.
Mu 1949, mtsikanayo anamaliza sukulu ndi Homent ndipo anapita ku Moscow. Tili ndi likulu la Raisa Maksimovna, ndinalembetsa mosavuta ku Moscow State University Otchedwa Mikhalophy, kusankha luso la nzeru. Ndipo mu 1955, kukhala kale mkazi wake wakale, mkazi wake atasamukira ku Stavropol.
Nchito
Ku Stavropol, Raisa Maksimovna adapeza ntchito ngati kaphunzitsidwe ka anthu ", komanso amaphunzitsanso mabungwe azaulimi komanso mabungwe azaulimi. Mofananana, mayi woyamba mtsogolo anali kuchita nawo sayansi: maphunziro a Sociology ndipo anakonza kafukufuku wake m'derali.Kugwira ntchito molimbika kumeneku sikunali pachabe: Mu 1967 gorbachev adatchinga malingaliro ake pazadziko, kutengera kafukufuku yemwe Raisa Maksavna adagwira ntchito ku Stavpol.
Mu 1978, mayiyo ndi mwamuna wake adabwerera ku likulu, komwe adakhazikitsa mphunzitsi ku Moscow State University ndikupitilizabe kunena kunthambi ya Moscow a Sosaite "chidziwitso". Ndipo patapita zaka zochepa, mu 1985, Raisa Maksimovna adayamba kutsagana ndi mnzake (nthawi imeneyo kale mlembi wa CC Alenter) m'maulendo onse a bizinesi ndi maulendo oyang'anira.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti nthawi imeneyo, mkazi wolamulira wa phwandolo anali wosavomerezeka: Anzake ovomerezeka a anthu oyamba ndi andale nthawi zonse amasunga mayina, nthawi zambiri amadziwa mayina awo , ndipo zithunzi za azimayi sizidagwerepo nthawi imeneyo. Koma sizinali choncho Raisa Maksimovna, yemwe ankaganiza kuti anali ndi udindo wothandiza mwamunayo mu chilichonse ndipo amakhala pafupi nthawi zonse.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, koma kunja, chiwerengero chake chidakumana ndi chisoni chachikulu komanso chidwi chachikulu, m'malo mokhala kudziko lakwawo. Limodzi mwa magazini a Britain ngakhale otchedwa Gorbachev "1987 Mkazi." Koma ku Soviet Union, nthawi zambiri ankaweruzidwa ndi iye. Amakhulupirira kuti mayi wofuna kutchuka komanso wokakamira "ndi wogwiritsa ntchito" kudzera mwa mwamuna wake, omwe pambuyo pake adasewera nawo ntchito ya USSR. Ambiri omwe amawona kuti ndife othandiza.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthandiza wokwatiranayo, mayiyo anali kuchita zachifundo, poganizira izi udindo wa mayi wina woyamba. Motsogozedwa ndi akazi, Mikhal Sergeevich anagwira thumba lothandizira ana a Chernoby; Kuphatikiza apo, Raisa Maksimovna anachita mwachindunji kuchitapo kanthu pazinthu za padziko lonse lapansi kuti athandizire odwala ochepa, odwala ndi leukemia.
Musaiwale gorbachev komanso za chikhalidwe: Kuyimilira komwe kulengedwa kwa thumba la chikhalidwe cha Soviet, kulowa mu priiniaum ya bungwe ili, lomwe lili ndi nyumba yosungiramo banja la Roerich . Kuphatikiza apo, Raisa Maksimovna akwaniritsa kubwezeretsanso kwa zipilala zambiri ndi nyumba za tchalitchi.
Pamene Mikhail Sergeevich adasiya Purezidenti, mayi wakale yemwe adayamba adathandiza mwamuna wake kulemba mabuku poyang'ana nkhaniyo komanso mfundo zofunika. Komanso pamodzi ndi mkazi wake, Lada adatsegula gorbachev-thumba lomwe lidachita zachikhalidwe cha anthu ndi ndale. Mu 1991, mayi adalemba autobigola lomwe limatchedwa "Ndikukhulupirira ...".
Mu 1997, gorbachev adayambitsa maximovna raisa rais, yomwe imaphatikizapo nthumwi za asayansi komanso zikhalidwe za dziko. Kalabu iyi idathandiza anthu osatetezeka: amayi osungulumwa, madokotala ndi aphunzitsi, ana amasiye.
Kalembedwe ndi mafashoni
Kuchokera pamawonekedwe oyamba pamisonkhano yapagulu ndi mkazi wake Mikhalial Sergeevich adatenga malo ovomerezeka, raisa Maksimovna kukonzanso, kukongola ndikusinthana posankha zovala. Komabe, theka loyamba la 80s, mtsogolo woyamba mkazi wa Soviet Union adalola zolakwa zina posankha zoti zikondwerero zakumadzulo, zomwe zimayatsidwa ndi Masewera a Western.
Chifukwa chake, mu 1984, kwa nthawi yoyamba kukhala ndi mwamuna wake ku UK pakuyitanidwa kwa Margaret, Raisa Maksimovna adasinthanitsa malaya osiyanasiyana tsiku lililonse. Ndipo imodzi mwamasiku osangalatsa, mayiyo adabwera mu chovala chamkuwa mumkuntho ndi nsapato zagolide. Tsiku lotsatira, manyuzipepala aku Britain adagawidwa ku zolemba ndi zithunzi zopangira kuphwanya kavalidwe kameneka.
Pambuyo pake, kalembedwe ka Grabichecheva kunayamba kudziletsa, koma sanataye kuyesedwa. Wowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso wowonjezera pang'ono, zodzoladzola, makongoletsedwe omwe amasadziwika ndi Raisa Maximov kuchokera kwa anzawo a Soviet. Amadziwika kuti zovala zambiri za azimayi zimagwidwa pa mlatho wakuda. Kwa iyemwini, mkazi wa Sergeyevich kwa opanga nyumba 60 omwe adasankha Tamar Plasev, yemwe adapanga zovala zodziwika bwino za azimayi oyamba.
Posakhalitsa mwamuna wandale wodziwika kugwa kumadzulo. Makamaka Rimo, Maximovna adawonetsa couturess of the European of the Europe ya nthawi - Yves Saint-Launty ndi Pierre Cardin. M'mafayilo, omaliza adavomereza kuti, kuyamikira kukoma ndi kalembedwe kakang'ono kwa mkazi wa recectary wamkulu, amafuna kupatsanso kalata watsopano, koma mayiyo adatenga sutiyo kuchokera kwa iye.
Asanagonjetso, panali ntchito yovuta - pa phwando lovomerezeka ndi "misonkhano yopanda maubwenzi" sawoneka mzanga woyipa wa mayiko azungu. Chofunika kwambiri kudali ndi Nancy Reagan panthawi yochezera mtsogoleri wa phwando ku United States panthawi ya nkhondo yozizira. Wochita seweroli wakale wa Hollywood adachitika ku Raisa Maximov, kupeza mawonekedwe a izi ovuta, ndipo kuchuluka kwa maphunziro ndi mkulu.
Komabe, malinga ndi kalembedwe, mayi wa Soviet ankawoneka woyenera, kusankha zovala, zowonjezera, nsapato zinakhala zosasangalatsa. Pambuyo pake, osindikizira omwe anali ndi zitsanzo kuchokera pamsonkhano wapamtunda ku Vietna mu 1961 atsogoleri a mphamvu ziwirizi ndi akazi a "Nina" ndi "chovala chomwe chimatchedwa" chovala chodziwika duwa ". Zinkawoneka kuti Raisa Maksimovna, wokondedwa ndi mawonekedwe ake mu zovala, zobwezeretsani "kukhazikitsidwa" kwa anzawo a zikuluzikulu za Soviet m'maso a Weviet.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wa mkazi wa mkazi wa Purezidenti woyamba wa USSR yayamba mwanzeru komanso mosangalala. Ndi mnzathu wamtsogolo wa Raisa (ndiye Tiarennko) adakumana ku Yunivesite - adaphunzira pa luso la malamulo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Mikhal Sergeevich ndi Raisa Maksimovna sanachite. Ukwati wa thefulu unadutsa modzichepetsa: Ophunzira analibe ndalama pachikondwerero chachikulu.Mu 1957, mwana wamkazi wa Horbacheche adabadwa (muukwati - vitaganskaya). Mtsikanayo adalandira maphunziro azachipatala ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala Purezidenti wa Gorbachev-thumba, wokhazikitsidwa ndi makolo ake.
Imfa
Kumayambiriro kwa 1999, thanzi la Raisa Maximovna linayamba kulephera. Mu Julayi, akatswiri a Ramna hemitology Institute adapezeka ku Gorbacheva leukemia. Zomwe zimamera kale mlembi wamkulu wakale wa matenda a magazi, madokotala amatchedwa kupsinjika kosalekeza, zovuta kuchokera ku matenda ena osachiritsika. Komanso mwa iwo munaganiziridwa zotsatira za kuwonekera kwa dona nthawi yomwe mayi woyamba panthawi yaulendo atapita kunkhalango yamagetsi ku Chernobyl atangochitika ngozi yoopsa.
Madokotala abwino kwambiri a Russia ndi Germany yolumikizidwa ndi chithandizo cha mkazi. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, chilengezo cha zidziwitso, gorbachev adatengedwa kupita ku Münster, kupita ku chipatala cha Germany. Kumeneko, kwa miyezi iwiri, madotolo achijeremani adamenyera nkhondo za moyo wa Rizo Maximovna, kupulumutsa ku khansa. Idakonzekera kupanga fupa la mafupa, Woperekayo amakhala mlongo Loy Haudmila Titainndo.
Komabe, dziko la gorbacheva mwadzidzidzi lidawonongeka kwambiri, ndipo opaleshoniyo idasiyidwa. Ndipo pa Seputembara 20, 1999, Risa Maximovna sanatero. Choyambitsa imfa, madokotala adatcha oganiza za matenda, omwe sakanachiritsidwa. Mkazi woyamba woyamba anali ndi zaka 67.
Maliro a gorbacheva, omwe adachitika pa Seputembara 23, adasonkhana anthu masauzande ambiri omwe adadzauza mkazi wamphamvuyo. Ena mwa iwo anali Vladimir Peinnin, Nauna Yeltsin, Helmut Kohl ndi andale ena ndi ziwerengero za anthu. Manda a Raisa Maximovna ali pa Moscow Nofichtembere. Chaka chotsatira, chipilala chidakhazikitsidwa m'malo ano. Mpaka pano, anthu amabweretsa maluwa kumandamu.
Kukumbuka
- Mu 2006, Eisa gorbacheche International Maziko adapangidwa ku London, zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire ndalama zomwe akufuna kupanga leukemia ya ana ndi khansa.
- Dzina la R. M. Gorbachecalo limatchedwa Institute of Hmatology ya Ana ndi Transplantlogy ku St. Petersburg.
- Pa Juni 16, 2009, mikhail gorbachev adatulutsa disk "nyimbo za Raisa", odzipereka ku 10 chikondwerero cha imfa ya Rimovna.
- Mu 2012, zolemba zolembedwa "chikondi ndi mphamvu za Raisa Gorbacheche" idamasulidwa pamawonekedwe, akunena za moyo wakale wa mayi woyamba wa Union.