Chiphunzitso
Jan Vermeer ndi wojambula ku Netherlands, yemwe moyo wake, monga momwe timakhalira, umazunguliridwa ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi ya moyo wa Vermeer, komanso nthawi yayitali atamwalira, ambuye sanandipangitse chidwi, ngakhale atagula motero. Malingaliro ambiri anali otayika. Komabe, patapita nthawi, chidwi cha olemba mbiri olemba aluso amakopa cholengedwa cha luso loiwalika, ndipo tsopano dzina la Jana Rememer Limodzi ndi mayina a Genina, Peter Bonggel.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ma Ridedles amawonekera mwachindunji kuyambira pachiyambi cha mbiri ya Jan Vermeer. Dzinalo lomaliza, wojambulayo adalandira malo omwe adabadwa - mzinda wa Delfet. Kodi Vermeir adabadwa kuti (ndipo wojambulayo adabadwa pa Okutobala 31, 1632), sizikudziwika kuti makolo ake amasungidwa kuti makolowo amasudzulidwa kuti makolowa abatiza pang'ono yanya. Mbuyawo adakonda mzindawu, m'modzi wa zojambula zake amatchedwa - "mtundu wa DElfet." Pa Canvas, wojambulayo adatha kusamutsa kukongola ndi mtendere wamalo ano.
![Chithunzi chojambulidwa cha Yana Vermeer Chithunzi chojambulidwa cha Yana Vermeer](/userfiles/126/15024_1.webp)
Bambo wa anitoni wamtsogolo anali ndi bwalo latsopanoli ndi malo odyera, komanso anali kugwira ntchito ngati mbuye wa kuluka pansanja za silika. Kuphatikiza apo, bambo uyu amadziwa kwambiri zambiri mu ntchito zaluso ndipo ngakhale zimangochotsa ena mwa omwe amagulitsa ndi otola. Mwina chifukwa chiyani Yang Vermer nthawi inayake ndipo anayamba kukonda utoto.
Amadziwika kuti mu 1653, mnyamata wina adatenga zojambulajambula za St. Luka. Komabe, malinga ndi umembala mu gululi, asanaphatikize gululi, wojambulayo ayenera kuphunzira pa wolangizidwayo wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Yemwe adadzipangira Jan Vermer, sadziwika.
![Kuyerekezera chithunzithunzi Yana Vermeer Kuyerekezera chithunzithunzi Yana Vermeer](/userfiles/126/15024_2.webp)
Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana: Malinga ndi mmodzi wa iwo, qudi ya "quad" yolumikizira dzanja lake "motsogozedwa ndi a Leonart Bramra, chifukwa china - Mphunzitsi wa wachinyamata anali Gerard Trurd. Ngakhale zili choncho, Vermeir anali abwenzi apamtima ndi ambuye onse.
Lingaliro linanso lomwe lili ndi zifukwa zomveka, ndiye mtundu womwe Karel karasichius adakhala mphunzitsi ndi mlangizi Ja Janmer. Pali zambiri zomwe wojambulawu adafika mumzinda wa delft panthawi yomwe wopweteka wachinyamata akamaphunzitsa. Komanso pa kalembedwe ka zojambulazo (makamaka koyambirira), chilengedwe cha Peter De Hoha, chomwe ntchito yake imayerekezedwa ku Janu.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Bambo wa ku Yana atamwalira, mnyamatayo anayenera kuchita zochitika za Taverpental, yemwe adakhalabe gwero lalikulu la zopeza zabanja. Ngakhale lenger pofika nthawiyo anali atakhala kale ndi udindo wotchulidwa mu gulu la St. Luka (komanso pazomwe adazitsogolera), sizimabweretsa ndalama.
![Jan Vermeer - Biography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wawo, Zojambula, Imfa 15024_3](/userfiles/126/15024_3.webp)
Nthawi yomweyo, zojambulajambula za wojambula zimakondedwa ndi akatswiri a zaluso komanso ogula mwachangu. Posakhalitsa, a Hendrik Wang adatenga ndalama, Pecary yakwanuko, ndipo Yakobo akasungunuka, mwini wa zokambirana.
Pazosonkhanitsidwa za anthu awa, mu chidziwitso chosiyana, zopitilira zojambula 12 zomwe zidasungidwa. Komabe, sizidakhale zopanda ulemu, ngakhale Vermeder adalemba pamitu yomwe idalamulidwa, kapena kungopereka ma van buuytin ndi dyssyus ufulu wokhala ndi zolengedwa zatsopano.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti Janmer anali wotchuka osati wojambula, komanso monga katswiri komanso katswiri wa zinthu zaluso. Anamuchitira kuti apeze kapena kutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwa nsalu zina. Komabe, talente yakeyo, wojambulayo sanasunthire aliyense - olemba mbiri ndi olemba mbiri komanso olemba mbiri amalumikizana ndi matembenuzidwe omwe wophunzirayo sanakhalepo.
Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha ntchito za Yana Vermer amalembetsa mosamala ma intersion ndi tsatanetsatane wamatawuni. Koma zithunzi za anthu zomwe zimakonda kunena zojambula zokha, ngati munthu wawonekera pamalopo, nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa.
![Jan Vermeer - Biography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wawo, Zojambula, Imfa 15024_4](/userfiles/126/15024_4.webp)
Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zowoneka bwino za "mkati" yopaka utoto umawonedwa kuti ndi chithunzi cha msonkhano wojambula wolembedwa ndi Mbuye mu 1666. Ichi ndi ntchito mochedwa, pomwe Vermera idatha kusamutsa malo omwe ali ndi mfiti. Amakhulupirira kuti chithunzi cha wojambulajambula Jan Vermer adalemba kuchokera kwa iye. Komanso, chitsanzo cha mkhalidwe wamkati wofala, zojambula "kuwerengera kalata pazenera" ndi "thrush".
Kuphatikiza apo, Vermer anali bwana wa "chikondi" chojambulidwa. Kumverera kumeneku kwakhala cholinga chachikulu cha zojambulajambula zaluso. Zithunzi zosavuta zapabanja zimapereka mtendere komanso mgwirizano wa anthu ndi makonda. Nthawi zambiri zitsanzo ndi zosungira zakale za Jan ymemeter idakhala mnzake, chitsanzo ichi ndi "mkulu" wa msungwana wogona ".
![Jan Vermeer - Biography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wawo, Zojambula, Imfa 15024_5](/userfiles/126/15024_5.webp)
Anakopa ojambula ndi ana awo: mwina chithunzithunzi "msungwana wokhala ndi ndolo" ndi chithunzi cha mwana wamkazi wa wojambula. Komanso ntchito yotchedwa "Jambulani ya mtsikana wina" amaonedwa ngati chithunzi china cha mwana wamkazi wa woteroyo. Ndizofunikira kuti ziwone zonse ziwiri (komanso zokhazokha za asayansi wamba) ojambula adalemba mothandizidwa ndi vuto la mtima.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wabanja Yana Vermeer anali wokondwa. M'ndimba 2653 wa kukwatiwa ndi mtsikana wotchedwa Catarina Bnean. Zinthu sizinkasokoneza kukana kwa mayi wa mkwatibwi wa mwana wake wokondedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti banja la Catarina lidagwirizana ndi Chikatolika, Vermeri anali Chipulotesitanti.
![Jan Vermeer - Biography, Chithunzi, Moyo Wawo, Zojambula, Imfa 15024_6](/userfiles/126/15024_6.webp)
Koma posakhalitsa, kuwona malingaliro a Yana Revier kwa mwana wake wamkazi, mayiyo adapereka ndikugwirizana ku ukwati. Komabe, mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo, Maria akuyamwa, mayi wa Vermeri, sanavomereze mwana wake wamkazi, kuwerengera yana kofewa komanso osakhala ochepa. Catarina idapereka ndi wokondedwa wa ana 15. Tsoka ilo, anayi adamwalira kuyambira ali wakhanda.
Imfa
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa Yana Vermear idaphimba ndi kusowa. Wojambulayo, mpaka nthawi imeneyo, yemwe sanadziwe mavuto azachuma, anakumana ndi kufunika kotenga ngongole, amapempha ngongole ndikuchepetsa malekezerowo. Sizinachepetse kusokoneza chikhalidwe: mbuyeyo anayamba kuzika mizu, thanzi la Vermer linanenedwa mwamphamvu. Palinso mtundu womwe unali gawo lofunika ndi chisudzulo cha Jan Vermer ndi mkazi wake wokondedwa, koma palibe chitsimikiziro cha malingaliro awa.
![Togil Jan Vermeer Togil Jan Vermeer](/userfiles/126/15024_7.webp)
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu aphedweyo akutsutsana: kuzindikira koyenera kapena zochitika sizingadziwe. Mwinanso, Jan Vermeer adasiya moyo chifukwa cha kutopa kwambiri, kenako adachepetsa thanzi la wopweteka. Zinachitika pa Disembala 15, 1675. Wojambulayo anali ndi zaka 43 zokha. Vermeriers abwerera m'banja lopsinjika ku Demoft.
Zaka 20 pambuyo pa kufa kwa Jan, mu 1696th, msika udachitika, pomwe ntchito 21 idawululidwa. Ena mwa iwo adatayika pakapita nthawi, ndipo tsopano asayansi ndi olemba mbiri aluso amalankhula za zojambula zodziwika bwino za Vermer. Zina zokhuza zitha kukhalabe nkhani ya mikangano ndipo sizivomerezedwa ndi ntchito za mbuye.
Alkasiers, kutsanzira ntchito ya Yana Vermeer, ankakondanso chimodzimodzi. "Womata" wotchedwa Khan Wang Megerene, yemwe adalandira dzina pachakudya.
Ntchito ya Vermeer idapereka kudzoza ndi anthu ena aluso. Chifukwa chake, makanema angapo olemba ndi luso lajambulidwa pa zojambula zake, zilembo za opera kupita ku Vermeler "wa Worser Louis Andrissen, komanso buku loti" mtsikana wokhala ndi wotsogolera ", pambuyo pake wotsogolera Petro Web Werber. Pachithunzi ichi, ponena za moyo wa Yana Vermeer, Colin Firth Stard, ofiira Johanson, Tom Wilkinson, Murphy Murphy.
Zojambula
- Pafupifupi 1653-1655555 - "Diana Codeants"
- Pafupifupi 1654-1655 - "Kristu m'nyumba ya Marita ndi Mariya"
- 1656 - "
- Pafupifupi 1656-1657 - "mtsikana wogona"
- Pafupifupi 1657-1659 - "mtsikana akuwerenga kalata ndi zenera"
- Pafupifupi 1657 - "Officer ndi mtsikana wosenda"
- Pafupifupi 1660 - "thrush"
- Pafupifupi 1663-1664 - "mkazi atanyamula masikelo"
- Pafupifupi 1665-1667 - "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale"
- 1668 - "Wasayansiorter"