Chiphunzitso
Wolemba waku America ndi Sewero la Irwin Shaw ali ndi kuthekera kopambana kulumikiza kuya ndi chidwi chachikulu pantchito. Mwaluso adamanga chiwembucho, kupukutidwa ku ungwiro wa zokambirana, utoto wowoneka bwino wa zilembo. Chiwonetserochi ndi chimodzi mwa olemba ochepa omwe amatha kukwera tanthauzo lalikulu komanso losangalatsa. Pa moyo wake, adalemba nkhani zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zolemba zomwe sizinatayike mpaka pano.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Dzina lenileni la Irwin Show - Irwin Gilbert Shamforoff, adabadwira ku New York, ku South Bronx. Adakulira m'banja la osamukira ku Russia. Pakapita kanthawi kochepa pambuyo pakubadwa kwa Irvina, banja limasunthira ku Brooklyn. Ndili mumzinda uno kuti ubwana ndi zaka zaunyamata za wolemba zamtsogolo zidadutsa.
Makolo amayang'ana miyambo yachiyuda, koma amafuna kuti akhalebe. Chifukwa chake, adasintha dzina lake ku chiwonetserochi pomwe Irwin anali ndi zaka 10. Mnyamatayo anali wonyadira ndi mizu yachiyuda, choncho anakana kusintha dzina lake mpaka atamaliza maphunziro. Komanso, Irwin adalimbikira kugwira miyambo ya Bar Mitzvah, ngakhale siyosiyana kuposa kukhulupirira mwapadera.
Kodi abambo ndi anakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kusweka. Atafika zaka 14, mnyamatayo adagwira ntchito mu fakitale ndipo m'masitolo, Irwin ndi amayi ake adakakamizidwa kuti akhale ndi banja. Mnyamatayo adamaliza maphunziro aku Brooklyn koleji ndipo adalandira digiri ya Bachelor. Ali ndi zaka 21, chiwonetserochi chimayamba kulemba zolemba za radiosou wotchuka, mwachitsanzo, "tracy tracy". Umu ndi momwe ntchito yake yowerengera adayambira.
Malembo
Mu 1936, kusewera koyamba kwa Irvina ku IRVIIN kunaperekedwa - "kuperekera dziko lapansi lakufa", lingaliro lidachitika ku New York. Ntchitoyi ikufotokoza za gulu la asirikali omwe adagwera kunkhondo, kuteteza dziko lakwawo. Kuchita bwino kwa magwiridwe antchito kunabweretsa Irvina kuthekera kusaina mgwirizano wopindulitsa.
Chifukwa cha chiwonetserochi, kanthawi kochepa kagwira ntchito ngati chojambula ku Hollywood. Anapitiliza kulemba zochitika, koma womukopa mtima. Wolembayo adazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti cinema a malonda amatsutsana ndi zofuna zake. Komabe, anapitiliza kulemba zochitika za kanema woti mugwire ntchito yolemba.
Pambuyo pake, ntchito ya chiwonetserochi idawerengedwa kuti ndi yopanda pake komanso yamphatist, koma lingaliro loti zoyipazo ziyenera kusagwirizana ndi mabuku ake ndi nkhani zake.
Wolemba atabwerera ku New York, nkhani zake pankhani zachikhalidwe zofalitsidwa m'mabuku otchuka: "New Yerquins" ndi "Esququins". Mu 1940, malo owonetserawo analemba mafilimu angapo, nthabwala zodziwika bwino anakhala "mzinda". Ntchitoyi ndi yodzipereka pamutu wa boma lokhomera.
Pazigawo za nkhani "zapamwamba kwa ogwirira ntchito" ndipo "talandila mzinda wathu", mikangano ya anthu komanso mitundu ya mafuko a New York ya New York. Achiyuda achiyuda amafotokozedwa chifukwa chowonera komanso nthabwala. Mabukuwa akuwonetsa mutu wa anti-Semitism omwe akuwonetsedwa ngati choyipa kwambiri komanso chosalungama.
Ponena za nkhaniyo "okhala m'mizinda ina", mmenemo, machitidwe omwe achitika mu 1918 mumzinda wa Kiev. Ntchitoyi yalembedwa pamaso pa wojambula wachiyuda. Pogram, amamvetsetsa kuti luso si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo. Wojambulayo amakana kudzichepetsa kwa Atate ndipo amayamba kubwezera mokakamira.
Otsutsa omwe adagawidwa mu gulu loyamba la Irwin onetsani chiwembu chowoneka bwino komanso chosalala cha stylipy. Wolemba adatchedwa wolemba waluso wa mbanja.
Chikano Choyamba cha Irwin "Mikango Achinyamata" idasindikizidwa mu 1949. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zochitika zenizeni zomwe zidachitikira wolemba zaka zankhondo. Ntchitoyi idakhala yopambana komanso mtsogolo idagundika. Chiwembu cha zomwe zimachitika chinali chosiyana kwambiri ndi choyambirira, kotero sindinakonde ntchito ya chiwonetserochi.
Wachiwiri Wachiwiri Isvine amatchedwa "ethern ether", yomwe imalongosola kukula kwa McCarthyism, yofalitsidwa mu 1951.
Pambuyo pa milandu yaumulungu yomwe imayang'aniridwa mu buku la anti-chikominisi ", chiwonetserochi chimalembedwa ndi mutu wa makampani a mafilimu omwe ali pamndandanda wakuda wa Hollywood. Mu 1951, wolemba adachoka ku United States ndikusamukira ku Europe, komwe adakhala zaka 25. Kusaka kwa chiwonetserochi kunapangitsa zochitika zingapo za cinema ndi zolemba, iwo nthawi yomweyo anasandutsa ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwa iwo:
"Lucy Kraun" ndi buku kwa nthawi yoyamba yomwe yafalitsidwa mu 1956. Ntchitoyi ikufotokoza mkazi ndi mayi yemweyo. M'chilimwe cha 1937, mayiyo anali ndi buku la munthu yemwe anali mnzake wogwirizana ndi mwana wosabereka.
"Masabata awiri mu mzinda wina", ntchitoyi idalembedwa mu 1960. Bukulo limakupangitsani kuganiza komanso kufotokozeranso moyo. Wolemba akuwonetsa kuti nthawi yakwana yoti isinthe kena kake ndikuyesera kukonza zolephera zakale, koma nthawi yomweyo kukayikira kumasintha.
"Bogach, osauka", adalengedwa mu 1970, pomwe omwe sanalembetsedwe, malinga ndi otsutsa, kupitiliza kwa otsutsa, opemphetsa, "wopemphetsa." Malinga ndi izi, bukuli mu 1976 linachotsedwa, lomwe linali labwino kwambiri. Mu 1982, studio filimu ya Lithuanian ya Ussr imatchinga "wolemera, wosauka."
Chiwonetsero cha Irwin - mwini mndandanda wa mphoto yayikulu. Wolemba adalandira mphoto ziwiri o. Henry, omwe amaperekedwa pa nkhani yabwino kwambiri. Chiwonetserocho chinapatsidwa mphotho ya American Academy of Artary ndi mabuku. Adalandiranso ma bonasi atatu a Playboy. Mu 1943, Oscar sanasankhidwa chifukwa cha zomwe zidasinthidwa.
Moyo Wanu
Pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, mu 1942, wolemba adapita kutsogolo ndikugwira ntchito yankhondo ya America, anali wogwira ntchito yanga. Anagwira ntchito yogawana zapadera, zomwe zinali ndi umunthu wakupanga zomwe akunena za zochitika kutsogolo. Chiwonetsero chomwe chikumenyedwa ku North Africa ndi Europe ndi m'modzi mwa paris paris.
Irwin anakwatirana ndi amene amaphunzitsa zachikondi. Mkazi wake Marja ana kubala mwana wake wamwamuna mu 1950, adatchedwa Adamu. Mnyamatayo ndi mwana yekhayo m'banjamo, kunalibe ana ena kuchokera ku chiwonetserochi. Pambuyo pake, mwana wa Irwin adakhala mtolankhani ndi wolemba.
Imfa
Kumayambiriro kwa 80s, chiwonetserochi chinapezeka ndi khansa ya prostate, yomwe inali yoyambitsa kufa. Pa Meyi 16, 1984, adamwalira kuchipatala cha Davis, atatha chithandizo chopanda ntchito. Imfa ya wolemba ali ndi zaka 71.
Chiwonetserochi chinali chotchuka kwambiri: Buku la mabuku la wolemba anthu linali loposa miliyoni 14. Ntchito zake zimamasuliridwa m'zilankhulo 25, ambiri aiwo ndi aluso. Komabe, popeza ma 50s, kutsutsidwa kunachitidwa ndi Iirnin kusokonekera. Mwachitsanzo, L. Makonda adatcha mabuku ake "Hafu yowoneka." Ndipo atamwalira wolemba, kuti malonda ndi luso la chiwonetserozi adayamba kuphunzira kwambiri.
M'bali
- 1936 - "Kupereka Nice Yakufa" (Sewerani)
- 1937 - OSADA (chidutswa)
- 1937 - Brooklyn Idyll (chidutswa)
- 1939 - "Wamtunda wa Imsur wa ku Bremen" (zopereka nkhani)
- 1941 - "Takulandirani ku mzinda wathu" (zopereka nkhani)
- 1944 - Opha "(Sewerani)
- 1946 - "Kuchitira Chikhulupiriro" (Zotolera Nkhani)
- 1949 - "Mikango Yang'ono Yang'ono"
- 1950 - "KHALANI, koma onani" (zopereka nkhani)
- 1951 - "Kusambira ether" / "Kusambira Kwapakati" (Wachiroma)
- 1956 - Lucy Korona (Wachiroma)
- 1957 - "Gawo la Jockey Wakufa" (Wotolera Nkhani)
- 1960 - "Masabata awiri mu mzinda wina" (Wachiroma)
- 1965 - "Mawu a tsiku lachilimwe" (Wachiroma)
- 1965 - "Chikondi pamsewu wakuda" (chotengera nkhani)
- 1970 - "Wolemera, Pozhnyak" (Wachiroma)
- 1973 - "Madzulo ku Byzantium" (Wachiroma)
- 1973 - "Mulungu anali pano, koma atapita kale" (zopereka nkhani)
- 1975 - "Usiku Worter" (Wachiroma)
- 1977 - "Wopemphetsa, wakuba" (Wachiroma)
- 1978 - "Zaka makumi asanu" (osonkhanitsa nkhani)
- 1979 - "Hill pamwamba" (Wachiroma)
- 1981 - "Mkate pamadzi" (Roman)
- 1982 - "Zotayika" (Wachiroma)