Chiphunzitso
Paul Verlin ndi ndakatulo ya ku France, woimira ku France, woimira wa ku France wazaka zoterezi zimayenda, monga chizindikiritso ndi kutchuka, malinga ndi maxim Gorky - khumi. Ma ndakatulo ake ndi aluso, oyimba, adapanga gulu lapadera - ndi predom ya nyimbo yachikazi, nthawi yobwereza chabe. Muyeso umatha kutchedwa ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo zadziko lonse lapansi.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wobadwa Paul-Marie Velen mumzinda wa Metz. Zinachitika pa Marichi 30, 1844. Makolo a mnyamatayo - Nicolas-Auguste Verlin, woyang'anira wankhondo, ndipo Eliza-Julite Joseph-Stephanie Dee. Abambo - ankhondo, ndipo izi zimatanthawuza kusuntha kwa banja. Ufulu ungakhale ku Metz, Montpellier, Nimea, Khazikitsani. Anakhazikika pamalo amodzi, ku Batinale, dera lankhondo la Paris, pokhapokha kholo labanjali.
Kulemba ndakatulo polemba Paulo kunayamba ali ndi zaka 14, mu 1858. Kenako mnyamatayo adakumana ndi Hugo, Barville, Gautier, Bermar, Lekonta de Lily, akwe. Ophunzira achicheperewo ngakhale atalemba Hugo ndikutumiza kalata yake ya "Imfa" yake.
Verlene akuphunzira koyamba ku Guecethouse, kenako mu lyceum bona pocc. Mu 1860, mnyamatayo akumana ndi Edemoni Lepalet, yomwe mtsogolo idzakhala mnzake, wolemba mbiri yakale komanso ndakatulo. Mu 1862, ndalama za banja lam'mlinevova lidavutika, ndipo Paul, atakhala kale bachelor wa mabuku, adalowa kale sukulu, ndikuyembekeza kuti afike ku Unduna wa Zachuma.
Ngakhale kuti zoyesayesa zokakamira zokhala ndi banja, dzina la Paulo linayamba kukhala ndi moyo wa Bohemina. Mnyamatayo amamwa, amayenda pa nyumba zapagulu, amawerenga Buchner ("mphamvu ndi zinthu"), amayendera Marchquise de Ron, yemwe ali ndi ma Republican. Mu salon, dziko la Theodore de Banville, Augsk Viel de Lill-Asan, Alely Ruddy, José Mara Edana, asakhale olumikiza.
Mu Ogasiti 1863, mu mtolankhani "Sungani Chitukuko chake", kulenga kwa wolemba ndakatulo amaperekedwa ku Khothi la Owerenga kwa nthawi yoyamba - Sol. Nthawi yomweyo, ndakatuloyi, kulumikizana mwachangu ndi mkwati wamtsogolo, kuyamba mu inshuwaransi ya inshuwaransi, ndiye ku Paris City Hall.
Pa fumbi la 1865, bambo wa kuthengo akumwalira. Mu Epulo 1866, mavesi asanu ndi atatu a villine amakhala malo awo mu mayina wachisanu ndi chinayi wa Parnas, womwe umapatsa thanzi la Alphang. Ndipo mu Novembala chaka chomwecho, zoyesayesa za Lemer ndi Kuzina Verline, Eliza Motomben (muukwati woyamba), Saturn Poims "ikuwonekera. Mu 1867, kufa kwa Elise mu 1867, Paulo anali ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kufunafuna chipulumutso pansi pa glade.
Malembo
Pambuyo pa "matumbo", omwe adalowa komanso odabwitsa m'machalitchi awo "Nyimbo ya Autumn", The Cretom ", Biography ya Vilaography ya Vilano ikupeza. Mu 1867, wolemba ndakatulo amagwirizana ndi magazini ya saiti "Meyi Zhuk". Mu 1868, omangidwa ndi pseudonymm, amapanga buku la "atsikana", omwe amalawa ndi kuwononga khothi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndakatulozo mu "atsikana" zidaperekedwa kwa a Lesbian.
Buku lachiwiri la ndakatulo yowala kwambiri ku Chifalansa lotchedwa "chikondwerero cha galanya" chikubwera mu 1869. Chaka chotsatira, choyimira chotsatira chikuwonekera - "wokoma", woperekedwa kwa mkazi wamtsogolo wa matilde.
M'masiku a Paris Diition, makina amagwira ntchito muofesi ya meya, mu Dipatimenti Yosindikiza. Amalemba buku lachinayi lomwe likuyenda ku England ndi Belgium mu 1872-1873, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi "chikondi chopanda mawu" mu 1874.
Wotchuka ndi owerenga amakondabe ndakatulo yochokera ku "mtima wosakhazikika ukufuula." Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti kusungidwa kwapadera kwa ndakatulo ya vilton ndizovuta kwambiri kufotokoza mukamapitirira chilankhulo china chilichonse, ngakhale ku Russia lolemera.
M'zaka 1874, Paulon analemba zaluso "za ndakatulo" - mtundu wa zolemba zatsopano za ku France. DZINA LAKOZonlemba za chilengedwe, ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe amagwirizana ndi zowoneka bwino, zomwe zikuwoneka makamaka mkhalidwe wa mzimu. Uwu ndiye ntchito ya "mpanda wa mzere wosatha", wogwira ntchito kale kuti kumasulira kwa Russia ndi "wokoka" wopanda tanthauzo limodzi.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1870, ulemumbo umadzala ndi moyo, kuphatikizapo chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu. Zotsatira zakusandutsidwa zofunika kuzisintha zimakhala buku "nzeru", lofalitsidwa mu 1881. Mu 1885, zopereka za ndakatulo "nthawi ina ndipo posachedwa" zidatsatiridwa ndi "nzeru" mu 1885, zomwe zinaphatikizapo zolemba ndakatulo zodziwika bwino. "Ndalemba ndakatulo". "Otsutsika", malinga ndi wolemba bukulo, adalowa m'malonda, Arthur rambo ndi vesi lina.
Zipatso zotsatirazi zazachilengedwe zimatha kudzitamandira chifukwa cha zinthu zapadera, zokopa zabwino: "chikondi" cha 1888, "chisangalalo" ndi "nyimbo za 1891. Mwa njira, "nzeru", "chikondi" ndi "chisangalalo" chili ngati ndakatulo yachilendo.
Moyo Wanu
Kwa zaka khumi, mnzake, chidwi chake, zowawa zake - arrir rambo anali vilan. Mu 1871 adapeza kulimba mtima ndipo adalemba kalata yosangalatsa kwa wolemba ndakatulo yemwe akudziwika kale nthawi imeneyo, ndikumupanga mayi akemu. Ndipo modzidzimutsa adalandiridwa ku Paris, ndipo chinthu chomwe chili ndi chidwi cha Amenizant adalipira mnyamatayo.
Luso la Nugget ya Enginkinic wodziwika, koma ulemu wake unasiyidwa kwambiri kuti ufuna. Zosasangalatsa kwambiri, wamwano, wopanda pake, reverbo adagonja ndipo amakhoza kuutsogolera kuchokera ku banja, kulekanitsa ndi mkazi wake Matilda, omwe panthawiyo ali pachibwenzi ndi ndakatulo yamulungu yomwe idabala mwana wake.
Zotsatira za Ulendo wolumikizana ndi Roman ndi Refo adayamba "zachikondi popanda mawu", komanso - ziganizo za ndende komanso njira yotsatila kwa Mulungu. Kumasulidwa, Verlene mu 1875 kunali komaliza kukumana ndi Rambo. Tsiku la Stuttgart lidatha ndi kukangana, ndikuyika mfundo mu ubale wa abwenzi awiri ndipo, mwa mphekesera, okonda.
Imfa
Mkaziyo anafuna kuti athetse banja, mawu onse otsatirawa adalephera - ndiye ndi hule, kenako ndi wovina wakale. Verlene adamwa kwambiri, thanzi lake lidasiyidwa kwambiri.
Pamapeto pa moyo, pafupifupi nthawi yonse ya nthawi yomwe Paulo adatha ku zipatala. Pa Januware 8, 1896, wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu wa France adamwalira kuchokera ku magazi am'mapapu.
M'bali
Zonyamula ndakatulo
- 1866 - "Tambo ndi Matumbo"
- 1869 - "Chikondwerero cha Galantal"
- 1870 - "Nyimbo Yopanda"
- 1874 - "Kukondana ndi Mawu"
- 1881 - "Nzeru"
- 1885 - "Nthawi yomweyo komanso posachedwa"
- 1888 - "Chikondi"
- 1889 - "Mofananamo"
- 1891 - "Chimwemwe"
- 1891 - "Nyimbo Kwa Iye"
- 1892 - "chakudya chamadzulo"
- 1894 - "Epigram" (zokolola zomaliza za Prelene).
Pnya
- 1884 - "Olemba ndakatulo"
- 1886 - "Zolemba Zamasiye"
- 1891 - "Zipatala Zanga"
- 1893 - "Ndende Yanga"