Gi de maopassan - biogyography, chithunzi, moyo wamunthu, mafano, imfa

Chiphunzitso

Gi de Mapussan ndi wolemba waku French, omwe timadzipadera adakumana ndi chilengedwe. Mwamuna amatha kupeza zonse m'mabuku. Mwachikondi, adasandutsa azimayi ambiri m'mawu a m'zaka, nkhani ndi mabuku. Ndipo ndi woyenda wachikondi yemwe amabwera ku Europe ndipo amayang'ana ngodya zakutali za dziko lapansi.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Dzinalo lonse la wolemba ndi Henri Rene-aller-guy de Mapasano. Wobadwira m'malo osungiramo malo okhala pafupi ndi tawuni ya Diepe m'banja la anthu olemekezeka. Agogo aamuna anayamba, bambo wa Gustuuu de Mapasna sanasiyirenso momwe angagwirire ntchito. Anatumikira ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi wogula pazamwanja, anali a Spettrett, omwe adakonda luso, utoto wamadzi. Ndidamva sikelo komanso moyo.

Koma ndi wokwatiwa ndi iye yekha - mnzake wa Laura Leatven anali wodziwika ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu komanso choganiza bwino. Komabe, awiriwo sanayende pansi pa denga limodzi. Kufuna wolowa m'malo mwake, mkazi yemwe ali ndi ana ake aamuna akupita ku mzinda wa Etreta, komwe villa iye anali.

Ubwana wa Mopasna udapukusa kusasamala komanso kuperewera. Mnyamatayo adadziulula Yekha, motero adakhala nthawi yayitali pamsewu. Kuyambira ali aang'ono anaphunzira kugwira nsomba, anali kukhala paubwenzi ndi alimi, oyendetsa sitima, asodzi.

Ali ndi zaka 13, ufulu unathera. Amayi anakonza za GI ku seminare ya uzimu. Kukula kwa kafukufukuyu sanakonde mwana wachinyamata wokonda: Ndinatha kangapo, kumatchulidwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa cha seminarist omwe si onyoza.

Kholo linaganiza kuti zisayese chisangalalo chake mu Like la Relium, komwe mwana wake wamwamuna ndi wophatikizidwa. Apa wachinyamatayo wabereka mizu, anayamba kulakwitsa ku sayansi ndi luso, ndipo koposa zonse, zopezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Wolemba ndakatulo Louis Bui ndi wolemba Gundave Fuswave adasanduka aphunzitsi oyamba. Pambuyo pa Lukemu, mnyamatayo adapita ku likulu la France, komwe adalowa mwa lamulo. Koma phunzirolo linasokoneza nkhondo ndi Prussia.

Supant adapita kunkhondo wamba, panthawiyo adapambana chikondi cha sayansi ya zakuthambo ndi zachilengedwe. Pobwerera kunyumba, sindinathe kupitiriza kuphunzira - mavuto azachuma adabuka, makolowo sanathe kulipira ku yunivesite. Ndinayenera kupita ku ntchito. Gi kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi adapereka utumiki wa Chinyanja, kuchepetsa malekezerowo ndi malekezero pa malipiro ochepa. Ntchito, yomwe idagwidwa kwambiri, inali mabuku.

Chilengedwa

Kugwira ntchito mu utumiki, gi de maopassan yoyambirira ya flabert idayamba kupanga njira zoyambirira pa gawo lolemba. Zaka zingapo zidangochita zomwe ndidalemba, zidawononga zolemba pamanja ndikukhalanso pansi. Flaber adanenanso kuti mnyamatayo atenga nthawi "pa Muse" tsiku lililonse, m'malingaliro ake, njira iyi ingapambane. Ndipo poyamba, analetsa wophunzirayo kuti asindikizidwe. Mothandizidwa ndi aphunzitsiwo, Mawassan adachoka ku Utumiki wa kupezeka pa dipatimenti yomwe idathandizira.

Buku Loyamba pantchito yolenga yakulemba Novice idachitika mu 1875. Buku la "Mtewa Wamphawu" udatuluka mu nyuzipepala pansi pa nkhani ya pseudom, monga ndakatulo "m'mphepete mwa nyanja" zomwe zaka zinayi pambuyo pake, zidapangitsa kuti wolemba akonzedwenso. Ntchito yomwe idalandira dzina latsopano ndi "mtsikana", nthumwi za oyang'anira oyang'anira zidafotokoza zolaula. Filubert adapulumutsa, kupanga kalata yovomerezeka.

Mu 1880, kuwalako kunawona nkhaniyo "PYSHK", yomwe inalowa mutoto. Mu buku ili, pamodzi ndi kubukizana ndi ntchitoyi, yoyandikana nayo nkhani ya Emil Zol, Zhoris-arles Gysusians ndi French Grobaciov.

Nkhaniyo idapanga njira yovuta m'miyeso ndi owerenga mwachinyengo komanso kunyezimira kwa otchulidwa. Kuntchito, adapatsanso tchuthi kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kutsatira "PYSHki", kolemba ndakatulo kwa "ndakatulo" kudasindikizidwa, pambuyo pake adasiya mkuluyo ndikugwira ntchito kunyuzipepala.

Mu 1980s, a Mapussan adayenda kwambiri. Ziwonetsero zochokera ku Corsica, Algeria ndi Brittany adathira m'mabuku, zolemba ndi nkhani. Mwachitsanzo, Corsicans, adauzira kuti apange buku "moyo". Kwa zaka khumi zapitazi, zomwe adalemba, wolembayo adakwanitsa kupanga ntchito ya axibolic.

Zowunikira zolemba zimagawa "Pierre ndi Jean", "pamadzi", "pansi pa dzuwa", "," zachidziwikire, "bwenzi" lokongola. " Gi de Mapussan adakwezedwa kumadera oyamba mu nyenyezi za m'magazi a ku Franch.

Wowerenga Wokonda Mwachionesana, adakwanitsa kulemba ndalamazo. M'chaka chimodzi, wolemba adapeza ma arter 60,000 ndipo adakhala pamapazi, osayiwala ndalama kuti azithandiza mayi ndi abale a mchimwene wake. Dziko labwino lidapangidwa mpaka dzuwa litalowa, malo ambiri enieni adapeza, chinali ndi maacht angapo.

Zinsinsi zotchuka kwa olemba zamakono zinali zodziwikiratu. Zola adazindikira kuti GI mwaluso amamva mwaluso, amalankhula zabwino ndi owerenga, ndipo ngati akugwiritsa ntchito SATIR, kenako popanda mthunzi wa zoyipa komanso zakuthwa. Mkango Tolstoy adalongosola zodabwitsa za kutchuka moopasana chifukwa chakuti Franman adawona "tanthauzo la moyo mwa mkazi, mchikondi."

Wolemba amayendetsa ubale ndi anzawo otchuka mabuku. Mosamala kwambiri ndi Ivan Turgenev, Alexis, Leon Dierks ndi umunthu wina wotchuka. Ndidamva mnzanga wabwino komanso wina wotsimikiza.

Gawo la ntchito za GI de Maopsant idakhala maziko a mafilimu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ntchito yake idakhala pa filimuyi ku Soviet Union. Mu 1934, wamkulu wa Mikail Romm adachotsa chithunzi cholunjika "kukankha". Willy Forst (1936), Pierre Cardinal (1983) ndi alengeleni a Dunenlan (2012) oyimiridwa. Mu tepi yomaliza, nyenyezi Hollywood nyenyezi Robert pattinson, malingaliro Alendo, Christina Ricci.

Moyo Wanu

Gi de Mapussan adakonda akazi, adamva kukondweretsedwa, kuyambiranso mbiri yakale komanso kulumikizana mwachisawawa. Chikondi chamoyo chinakhala maziko a mkango wa Mkango. Ngakhale kukhumudwa sikunaletse mwamunayo. Tsiku lina, mwana wazaka 18 anali wachikondi ndi Parissia dzina lake fanny ndipo adadzipereka. Kugwedeza pansi pa mawindo kwa okondedwa, atamva msungwanayo atangoseka molakwika chifukwa cha chikondi cha abwenzi.

Pali mayina ena azokhumba ali kale ndi moyo wachikulire wa Frenman: Contental Emmanuel Pototskaya, Ermina, Marienes. Komabe, wolembayo anayesa kuti asamatsatire maubale a atolankhani. Mwinanso zinapangitsa kuti anakonza zoumba ndi mtolankhani amene anatchula mayi wina dzina lake.

Mu 1882, Mapussan mwadzidzidzi adakwatirana, koma sanafike ukwati. Mwamuna asanathe moyo usanakhale wa bachelor. Mwina simunapeze imodzi yokhayo. Guy ndi wolemba mabuku ambiri onena za atsikana omwe asintha. Mmodzi wa iwo:

"Ndimakonda mkazi m'modzi yekha - mlendo, yemwe alibe zenizeni."

Chikondi chadvent chinatembenuka mozungulira matendawa: Wolemba amatenga kachilombo ka Syphilis. Ndipo mnzake adalemba za kuzindikira ndi chisangalalo:

"Ndili wonyadira, ndili ndi syphilis weniweni, ndipo sindikuopa kunyamula!"

Pambuyo pazaka khumi pambuyo pa imfa ya GI Deupesant mu ECLO, nkhani yosangalatsa "ndi bambo a ana atatu: Atsikana awiri ndi mnyamata. Olowa m'malo mwapachilengedwe, malinga ndi miyambo ya nthawi, adadzitcha dzina la amayi a Josephinetse a Josephine.

Wolemba nayenso sanalankhule za ana, ndipo achibale ankakana kuti alipo. GI idachoka ku Chipangano, momwe boma lonse lidadutsa mchimwene. Kotala chabe ya cholowa chomwe chasinthira kwa makolo.

Imfa

Gi de Mapussan anali ndi chida choyipa. Amayi anali ndi vuto la psychosis, ndipo mchimweneyo adamwaliranso mu chipatala cha amisala. Wolemba amawopa kumira moyo wake wonse, koma tsoka silinachitike. Kuphatikiza apo, thanzi lasokoneza kusokonezeka kwambiri m'maganizo, chifukwa adalemba popanda kuyima.

Gintha yogonjetsera mutu, kukoma kwamanjenje pambuyo pake. Mu 1891, bambo adayesa kudzipha, adadula khosi lake. Adagwera kuchipatala cha amisala, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri adamwalira. Choyambitsa imfa ndi ziwalo za ubongo. Wolemba amene angayankhe moona mtima ndi kukhudza chikondi cha chikondi, sanapulumuke mpaka zaka 43.

Zosangalatsa

• Moopasan, limodzi ndi zikhalidwe zina, kutsutsa ntchito yomanga nsanja, kuyitanitsa mafupa a "mafupa oyipa". Nthawi zambiri amadya padenga la nsanja, chifukwa pokhapokha kuchokera pamenepa pano akuwoneka.
• Wolemba ankakonda kuyenda, ankapita kumayiko ambiri. Anayenda ku Brittany ndipo ngakhale adakwera ndege ku France kupita ku Belgium.

• Mfalansan adapanga mtsinjewo, amakonda masewera oyenda. Mu 1885 adagula Yacht yotchedwa "bwenzi lokongola." Patatha zaka zitatu, Yacht yachiwiri idawonekera kale, yochulukirapo, koma ndi dzina lomweli.
• Za chikondi cha wolemba za wolemba mtumiki wake Francois Tassar adapanga buku "likumbukiro la Guy de Moopasan", atawona Kuwala mu 1911. Wolembayo amasungidwa poyera kuti atsegule chotchinga cha zinsinsi za moyo wa mwini wake.

Mawu

"Ndimasonkhanitsa akazi. Ndi mmodzi, ndimakumana kamodzi pachaka, ndi ena - kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo chachitatu - kamodzi kotala. Ndi ena - akafuna. Sindinakonde aliyense "" Mawu achikondi nthawi zonse amakhala ofanana, - zonsezi zimadalira zomwe zimachitika "" Inde ndiye chisangalalo m'moyo, koma timafuna kwambiri " Kupsompsona pang'ono sikungafanane ndi kumpsompsona "" azimayi ndi owona kapena, moyenerera, mpaka infanzi ya "" Mwamuna nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa. Komanso, moyo ndi chabe kungochita zolakwitsa "" Aliyense atalakwitsa mphamvu yaboma amakakamizidwa kuti apewe nkhondo yomweyo pamene woyendetsa sitimayo amaletsa zimbudzi "

M'bali

• 1883 - "Moyo"
• 1885 - "mzanga wokongola"
• 1887 - Mont-Oriool
• 1888 - "Pierre ndi Jean"
• 1889 - "Amphamvu Monga Imfa"
• 1890 - Mtima Wathu
• "Cholinga cha Moto" (chosatsimikizika)
• "Maumoyo" (osakhala)
• "Angelo" (osatsimikizika)