Chiphunzitso
Kuzindikira komwe kuli boma kugwedeza kwa Jalill akamwalira. Wolemba ndakatulo akuimbidwa mlandu wokhudza ndakatulo ndibwino chifukwa cha mafani osayanjanitsira a mawu ake. Popita nthawi, kutembenuka ndi mphotho kunabwera, ndi mutu wa ngwazi ya Soviet Union. Koma chipilala chenicheni kwa pompoot wokupatsani, kuwonjezera pa kubwerera kwa dzina loona mtima, kwakhala chidwi choletsa cholowa. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri, timasunga chachangu mawu okhudza amayi, za abwenzi, za chikondi.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Kunyada kwa anthu a Chitata Musa Jalil adabadwa mu February 1906. Rahima ndi Foofafa wa chigwa adaleredwa ana 6. Banjali limakhala m'mudzi wa Oreleburg, pofufuza gawo labwino kwambiri lomwe limasamukira kudera lamilandu. Mayi ake anali atakhala mwana wake wamkazi, adapita ndi Msilamu yemwe anali m'ndende ya Asilamu Sukulu ya Msilamu - Madrasa "Husani". Pansi pa boma la Soviet, dzina la Tatiar Institute of National Maphunzirowa lidachuluka kuchokera ku chipembedzo.
Kukonda ndakatulo, kulakalaka kwa malingaliro a Boma kunaperekedwa kwa Jaril ku nyimbo za anthu, kuchitidwa ndi amayi, komanso nthano zachikhalidwe zomwe zimawerenga agogo ake usiku. Kusukulu, kuwonjezera pazachipembedzo, mabuku akunja, kuyimba ndi kujambula zidayenda bwino. Komabe, chipembedzo sichinali ndi chidwi ndi mnyamatayo - Musa pambuyo pake Musa adalandira umboni wa ukadaulo pa slapak pa progogical Institute.
Wachinyamatayo asa adakonza magulu okhala m'mizinda ya Komesol, ana osokoneza mwachangu kuti alowe mu bungwe la upainiya. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimakhulupirira chinali ndakatulo yoyamba yokonda dziko. Mudzi wandale, Wolemba ndakatulo wa ku ADAFINO adalenga khungu la Komsorol, lomwe mamembala ake adalimbana ndi adani a kusinthika. Chiwonetsero cha Zalilov adasankhidwa ku Bureau la Kobiri la Komiti Yapakati ya Vlkkym, nthumwi ya onse Pomsolol Congress Congress.
Mu 1927, Musa adalowa ku Moscow State University, pa nthambi ya nthambi ya ethnological Russity (a Philfach). Malinga ndi zikumbutso za mnansi wa hostel varlam shalamov, Jalil ku University adalandira zomwe amakonda komanso kukonda ena mwa dziko lawo. Sikuti Musa - ngwazi komsomolets, motero ndiye tatirar, omwe amaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Russian, amalemba ndakatulo zabwino, kuziwerenga bwino m'chinenedwe chawo.
Ku Moscow, Jalil anagwira ntchito kwa ochiritsa a manyuzipepala ndi magazini, ndipo mu 1935 anavomera kuti atayitanidwa kumene ku Karan Potayika Increary. Ku Kazan, wolemba ndakatuloyo adagwira ntchito, adanyamula ochita sewero, adalemba zolemba, Librettto, ndemanga. Kuphatikiza apo, adamasulira mu Chitata ntchito yazakale za ku Russia. Musa akhale nduna ya mzinda khonsolo ndi tcheyamani wa olemba tatia.
Malembo
Ma ndakatulo oyamba a achinyamatawo adayamba kufalitsa nyuzipepala ya komweko. Kuyamba koyambirira kwa nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko lapansi lisanatuluke. Woyamba "Tikupita" - mu 1925 ku Kazan, zaka 4 - zina, "machemwa". Musa sanangotsogozedwa, monga momwe akananenera, ntchito yapa phwando, komanso yomwenso idatha kulemba manyuzipepala, nyimbo, ndakatulo, ndakatulo, zida zautona.
Poyamba, m'mabuku, kampeni kapena maximyity inalumikizidwa ndi mawu ndi pathodi, fanizo ndi misonkhano yachikhalidwe cha mabuku akummawa. Pambuyo pake, Jalil adalongosola zomwe zimadziwika ndi chidziwitso cha nthano.
Kutchuka kwakukulu kwa Jalil kunalandiridwa ndikuphunzira ku Moscow. Khalidwe la Musa limakonda kwambiri ophunzira anzake, werengani ndakatuloyo kwa anthu omwe amaphunzira. Talente yacinyamata ndi chisangalalo cholandiridwa mu Metropolitan Association of Olemba Prolecatian. Jalil adadziwana ndi Alexander Zharov ndi Mikhal Svetlov, adapeza machenjezo a Vladimir Mayovsky.
Mu 1934, adawona kuunika kwa chopereka pa mitu ya komsomol "Kukhazikitsa mamiliyoni", ndipo pambuyo pake, ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo. " Ntchito za 1930s zidawonetsa ndakatulo yozama, osati njira yachilendo ndipo imatha kugwiritsa ntchito chikhomo chonse cha chinenerocho.
Kwa opera "Zolotovolspar", akunena za ngwazi ya fuko la Chibugariya, lomwe silinagonjetsedwe mu akhungu a Libreto Spic Epic ", nthano ndi nthano za anthu. Premiere adachitika milungu iwiri isanayambike nkhondoyo, ndipo mu 2011, tatir Thehita Opera ndi Ballet, mwa njira, yemwe adabweretsa dzina la wolemba kalatayo, adabwereranso kudera la wolemba.
Monga Wopanga Nazi zhiganov adauza wolembayo, adafunsa Jalil kuti achepetse ndakatuloyi, monga malamulo a Shamautgy adafuna. Musa mwamphamvu anakana, nati, safuna kucotsa zingwe zolembedwa ndi "magazi a mtima." Mutu wa gawo lomwe ndimakumbukira kuti ndimakumbukira mnzanga ngati munthu alibe chidwi, wokonda komanso kuda nkhawa ndi chikhalidwe cha Chitar.
Anzanu apamtima adauza momwe chilankhulo cholembera cholokerachi chidafotokozera mitundu yoseketsa yomwe idamuchitikira, kenako kuwerenganso kampaniyo. Jalamul adatsogolera mbiriyo m'chinenerochi, koma atamwalira, bukulo lidasowa popanda kufufuza.
M'magulu a Hitler, Musa Jalil adalemba ma ndakatulo mazana ambiri, 115 a iwo adafika mbadwa zake. Wolemba ndakatulo wa ndakatulo ndi njira yozungulira "Moabita".
Izi ndi zolembedwa ziwiri mozizwitsa zomwe zasungidwa mozizwitsa zoyang'anira ndakatulo za wolemba ndakatulo "Moabit" ndi "Setsenza". Malinga ndi zidziwitso zosagwirizana, ziwiri zina, m'njira yosadziwika m'manja mwa nzika yaku Turkey, anali ku NkVD ndipo kunasowa.
Kutsogolo ndi m'misasa, a Sosa analemba za nkhondoyi, za m'bale wake, yemwe mboni yake idakhala, yokhudza kutanthauza za nkhondoyi komanso nkhondo yachitsulo. Izi zinakhala ndakatulo ya "chisoti", "duwa", "azimuth". Fotokozani mwachidule mizere yobowosera yomwe idaswa woganiza bwino "Amayendetsa azimayi ndi ana ..." Kuchokera "ku" Kubuma ".
Yopezeka mu mzimu wa Jalil Malo ndi mawu, achikondi komanso nthabwala "chikondi komanso" mlongo wake "," kasupe "ndi wodzipereka.
Moyo Wanu
Musa Jalil sanakwatire kamodzi. Mkazi woyamba wa Rauza adapereka mwana wa wolemba ndakatulo wa Albert. Anakhala mkulu wa munthu, akutumikira ku Germany, moyo wake wonse ankasunga buku loyamba la abambo ake ndi autograph wake. Albert anabweretsa ana amuna awiri, koma palibe chomwe chimadziwika za tsogolo lawo.
Muukwati waboma wokhala ndi Zakuyui Sadykova, Musa adabadwa ndi Lucius. Mwana wamkazi adamaliza maphunziro awo ku dipatimenti ya nyimbo ya nyimbo ndi ku Moscow Institute of Cinematographtographtographtographchume, amakhala ndi wophunzitsidwa ku Kazan.
Mkazi wachitatu wa wolemba ndakatulo adatchedwa Amina. Ngakhale maukondewo amafotokoza zidziwitso zomwe, malinga ndi zikalata, mayiyo anali ndi Anna Petrovna, kaya ndi Nina Konstantinovna. Mwana wamkazi wa Amina ndi Mutuus Chulp Valov amakhala ku Moscow, adagwira ntchito ngati mkonzi mu wofalitsa walembayu. Mdzukulu wake Mikhal, Wilinist Wiliolist, ali ndi dzina la Mitrofanov-Jalil.
Imfa
Pakudziwika bwino za Jalil, sipakanakhala masamba am'mbuyo komanso msasa ngati wolemba ndakatulo sakanakana zida zopangira zida zankhondo. Musa adafika ku board tsiku lachiwirili atayamba nkhondo, adalandira malangizowo ku chalulu, adagwira ntchito ngati gulu lankhondo. Mu 1942, kusiya malo okhala ndi gulu lankhondo, Jalil adavulala ndikugwidwa.
M'ndende yandende pansi pa mzinda wa Poland, Raddom Musa adalowa nawo Legion "Idel-Ural". A Nazi adasonkhanitsidwa pamalingaliro a mayiko ophunzira kwambiri a mayiko omwe si a Slavic kuti akulimbikitse othandizira ndi ogawana azogulitsa zamalingaliro a Chissist.
Jalamulil, pogwiritsa ntchito ufulu woyendayenda, ntchito zosokoneza mumsasa. Ogwira ntchito pansi pa pansi pa nthawi yayitali anali kukonzekera kuthawa, koma m'magulu awo anapeza wopanduka. Wolemba ndakatulo komanso anzanga ogwira ntchito kwambiri adaphedwa pa guiltine.
Kutenga nawo mbali mu vermhtack magawano adapereka chifukwa choganizira a Musalal ya Jalil, tenduna la anthu a Soviet. Pambuyo poti wamwalira mwala, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za konsterontin Simonov ndi wasayansi wa Chitata ndi munthu wapagulu, zaka zomwezo zaka za ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya ndakatulo ya ndakatulo yaposachedwa.
M'bali
- 1925 - "Timapita"
- 1929 - "Comrades"
- 1934 - "Mlonda Miliyoni"
- 1955 - "Nyimbo Zaukali"
- 1957 - "Chizindikiro cha Moabita"
- 1964 - "Musa jalil. Zosangalatsa »
- 1979 - "Musa jalil. Ntchito zosankhidwa »
- 1981 - "Chofiira Chamomile"
- 1985 - "Usiku ndi Spring"
- 2014 - "Musa jalil. Zosangalatsa "
Mawu
Ndikudziwa: Ndi moyo ndi maloto adzachoka.
Koma ndi chigonjetso ndi chisangalalo
Amayendayenda mdziko langa,
Kusunga zero. Palibe amene amalamulidwa!
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Tidzalemekezanso mkazi amene dzina lake ndi mayi.
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Ndife achinyamata kuti tikulamulira kuti: "Tayang'anani!"
Ndipo timanyamula zikhumbo za mkuntho wa ife.
Palibe miyendo ya anthu opindika,
Ndi malingaliro ndi zikhumbo za anthu.
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Kodi pali chiyani chomwe chingadabwe, adokotala amakhala okongola?
Zimathandizira Thanzi Lathu
Mankhwala okhwima bwino,
Chomwe chimatchedwa chikondi.