Chiphunzitso
Wolemba wachi Russia wotchuka ku Alexander Green adapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana mchipinda chowerengera. Komabe, ambiri a osungitsa omasulira dzina la munthu waluso uyu, moyo womwe umadzaza ndi zinthu zosangalatsa, ndi chikondwerero cha "ngalawa zonenepa", zomwe zimasimba za mbiri ya mtsikanayo dzina lake Asal. Ngwazi zazikulu za m'bukuli zidakumana ndi wokondedwa wake Arthur Grahaya, ndipo chiwembuchi cha ntchito yosagwedezeka komanso maloto ochokera pansi pamtima chinayamba kuukira ntchito za Cinematographic.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Alexander Grinevsky (dzina lenileni la wolemba) adabadwa 11 (23) Ogasiti 1880. Ubwana wa Sasa wachichepere unkachitikira mumzinda wa Slobodsky, womwe tsopano uli ku Kirov dera la Kirov. Green Grew ndikukulira m'banja lokhalamo ntchito, lomwe silinakhale wa dziko lolemba.
Abambo ake Stefan grinevsky, pole ndi mtundu wa dziko, yemwe anali wankhondo yankhondo. Pamene Stephana (ku Rustia, Stepan Enisevich adamutcha)) anali ndi zaka 20, adakhala membala wa kuwuka kwa Januwale, komwe kunachitika mu 1863.
Chifukwa chankhondo m'mphepete mwa anthu akale a Commonwealth, zomwe zinasamukira ku ufumu wa ku Russia, Grinevsky anali atakulungidwa mpaka kalekale ku Kolyvan wa Trince. Mu 1868, mnyamatayo adaloledwa kukhazikika ku vyata m'chigawo cha Vyatka.
Mu 1873, grinevsky adapanga lingaliro la dzanja ndi mitima yake Anna Ladkaya, yemwe amagwira ntchito ngati namwino. Woyamba kubadwa Alexander adabadwa kuchokera kwa okwatirana pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zokhala limodzi. Pambuyo pake, wotchuka adawonekeranso ana atatu: mwana wamwamuna ndi atsikana awiri. Makolo adakweza zobiriwira. Nthawi zina wolemba wamtsogolo adathiridwa, ndipo nthawi zina kumeneko adalangidwa mosamalitsa kapena adayipitsidwa konse.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chikondi cha Alexander chidawonekera ndili ndi zaka zoyambirira. Mwanayo atakwanitsa zaka 6, anaphunzira kuwerenga: mmalo mosewera ndi anzawo omwe ali mumlengalenga mwatsopano, mnyamatayo adafuula mabuku osangalatsa. Woyamba kuwerenga koyamba ntchito ya Sasha kudakhala tetralogy ya Jonathan Swift "ulendo wa Gulliera", womwe ukufotokoza momwe lemueli wina anali mdziko la Liluti.
Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani zazing'ono zobiriwira zobiriwira zokhudzana ndi anthu oyenda mwamantha omwe amayenda m'malo mwa madzi padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti munthu wocheperako adafuna kubwereza moyo wa ngwazi zolembedwa: wolota kupita kunyanja, Sasha adayesa kuthawa nyumbayo.
Mu 1889, mwana wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi adapatsidwa maphunziro a sukulu yeniyeni. Mwa njira, anzanga amsukulu adapatsa Sasha Heck "wobiriwira". Ndizofunikira kuti wolemba ntchito wa ntchito sanali mwana womvera: Grinevsky, m'malo mwake, amapereka zovuta kwa aphunzitsi omwe adazindikira kuti machitidwe ake anali "oyipa kuposa ena onse." Komabe, kubiriwira kunatha kuthamangira kalasi yokonzekera ndikupita ku gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa.
Komabe, pokhala wa grader yachiwiri, mwana wa Poland shhatach sanachotsedwe kusukulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Sasha, yemwe ankakumbukira ndi munthu wosakhazikika, adaganiza zowonetsa luso lake ndipo adalemba ndakatulo ya aphunzitsi.
Zowona, ntchitoyi sinakhale imodzi mu mawonekedwe a Lomonosov: inali itakhala ndi chitsulo ndipo idawerengedwa kuti ndi yolimba. Koma mu 1892, grinevsky adakwanitsa kuphunzira: Zikomo kwa abambo, mnyamatayo adatenga sukulu ya Vytka, zomwe zidadziwika.
Mnyamatayo atakwanitsa zaka 15, chochitika chowopsa chachitika m'moyo wake: Alexander Green atayika mayi ake omwe adamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa chachikulu.
Pambuyo pa miyezi yochepa, Stepan Grinevsky anakwatirana ndi Lidia Batttskoy, ubale womwe udalandira ndi mayi wina wa Sabata sunakhazikike, chifukwa cha zomwe mnyamatayo adakhazikika pabanja la abambo. Mbuye wa Mawu amakhala yekha, komanso kuchokera mlengalenga vyatka, momwe "mabodza, mutu ndi wabodza," mabuku oyendayenda adapulumutsidwa.
Tsitsi mtsogolo linatha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Panthawi imeneyi, adakwanitsa kugwira ntchito yopotoza mabuku, wolemera, asodzi, asodzi, wokumba, komanso wojambula zithunzi zopindika. Mu 1896, adamaliza sukulu ya Vyatka ndipo adapita ku Odessa kuti akhale woyendetsa sitima, kulandira ma ruble 25 ochokera kwa Atate. M'tawuni yatsopano yobiriwira kwakanthawi kachidutswa, analibe ndalama yodyera.
Alexander atapezeka kuti ali m'ngalawa - zoyembekezera zake sizinagwirizane ndi zenizeni: m'malo mosangalala, mnyamatayo adanyansidwa ndi oyenda paulendo woyendayenda ndipo adanyozedwa ndi wamkuluyo.
Mu 1902, chifukwa cha zosowa zowopsa mu ndalamazo, Alexander Stewanovich adalowa mu ntchito ya asirikali. Kukula kwa msirikali kunakakamiza mliri ku chipululu: Pambuyo pa kusinthana ndi matembenuzidwe, obiriwira adayamba kuchita zinthu mobisa. Mu 1903, mnyamata wina adamangidwa ndikutumizidwa zaka 10 kupita ku Siberia. Anakhalanso zaka ziwiri mu ulalo wa arkhangelk ndipo nthawi ina amakhala pansi pa intaneti ya St. Petersburg.
Malembo
Alexander Andenitovich adalemba nkhani yake yoyamba mu 1906: Kuyambira pamenepo, luso lalala wachinyamatayo kwathunthu. Ntchito yake yoyamba idatchedwa "Berimita ya pantteleva" amalankhula zakuphwanya zomwe zikugwira ntchito mu msirikali.
Chigawo chobiriwira chobiriwira chidasindikizidwa pansi pa siginecha ya A. S. G. Monga kabuku ka kampeni kwa antchito mu gulu lankhondo, asitikali odziletsa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kufalikira konse kukuchotsedwa kunyumba yosindikiza ndikuwotcha apolisi. Alexander Stewatovich, zonse zomwe anali nazo kuti nkhaniyi isatayike, koma mu 1960 CAPA imodzi ya kabukuka kanapezeka mu "dipatimenti yankhani yolingana ndi umboni wa ku Moscow Gendarmermerie".
Kenako, kuchokera pansi pa nthenga za Alexander Green, ntchito ya "njovu ya" njovu ndi Moskka "adawonekera, yomwe adakumana nayo. Ntchito yoyamba yomwe idafika polemba mabuku olemba mabuku inali nkhani yakuti "ku Italy".
Kuyambira 1908, wolembayo anayamba kufalitsa nkhani zophatikizana ndi nkhani zobiriwira "zobiriwira": Wolemba adalemba pafupifupi 25 nkhani 25 chaka chino chaka chino, ndikupeza ndalama zabwino. Mu 1913, kuwerenga kwa anthu onse kuwerengedwa zolemba za Alexander Stesatovich mu mawonekedwe a a Spomaniac.
Chaka chilichonse, grinevsky wasintha maluso ake: Mutu wa ntchito zachulukirachulukira, zizolowezi zidayamba kwambiri komanso zosatsimikizika, komanso wolemba adatsiriza mabuku ake ndi am'mutu ndi ahorisms omwe adadziwika kwambiri mwa anthu.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti Grinevsky amatenga malo apadera padziko lapansi mabuku aku Russia. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wolemba sanakhalepo odana nawo, kapena otsatira kapena kusamanja. Komabe, wolembayo adayimbidwa mlandu wobwereka kwa Edgara, Jack London, Hoffman, Stevenon ndi umunthu wina wakulengedwa. Koma popenda malembawo, zidatero kuti kufanana uko kunali kopambana komanso osati koyenera.
Komanso, dzina la Alexander Green likuyerekezeredwa ndi dziko la Greenland. Wolembayo sanagwiritse ntchito malo abodzawa m'buku lake mu ntchito zake, A Soviet Mornelius Zelensky adapangidwa, omwe adalongosola malowa omwe akutchulidwa m'mabuku a obiriwira.
Ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti chilumba, komwe dziko la wolemba lili kumbali yakumwera kwa China. Malingaliro oterewa adafotokozedwa pakutchulidwa za mipando yeniyeni: New Zealand, Pacific, ndi zina zambiri.
Mu 1916-1922, Griny adalembedwa nkhani ya "masaya ofiira", omwe amamulemekeza. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ntchitoyi waluso nthenga zidadzipereka kwa mkazi wachiwiri Nina. Lingaliro la ntchitoyi lidabadwira poyerekeza ndi wolemba moyenerera: Alexander Stewanovich adawona bwato lokhala ndi zonyansa zowonetsera.
"Chidole ichi chidandiuza kanthu, koma sindinadziwe chomwe, kenako ndidazindikira ngati bwato lofiira lidzanena zambiri, ndipo bwino kuposa mtundu wofiira, chifukwa poyera pamakhala ofiira. Chilolezo chimatanthawuza kudziwa, chifukwa chiyani mukusangalala. Ndipo kotero, kulowerera kuchokera pamenepa, natenga mafunde ndi sitima ndi ma sitima a Alay, ndinawona cholinga chofuna kulongosoka, kufufuma ".Mu 1928, Alexander Alesanovich imatulutsa ntchito yake yofunika, yomwe imapereka dzinalo "kuthamanga pamafunde".
Mtunduwu wonena kuti wosamasuka, otsutsa amakono adatenga mtundu wamba. Komanso Alexander Green amadziwa bwino owerenga pantchito ya Atate (1929), "msewu kulikonse" (1929) ndi "mdierekezi wa madzi a lalanje" (1913).
Katswiri womaliza wa wolemba amatchedwa "Ladut", ntchito iyi Alexander sinakhale ndi nthawi yotsiriza.
Moyo Wanu
Kungoyambira mbiri yobiriwira, akuti adabatizidwa ndi miyambo ya Orthodox, ngakhale abambo ake anali Katolika wokhulupirira. Ngakhale kuti olemba amayamba kusintha patapita nthawi, mkazi wake anakondwerera: Ndili ku Crimea, Grinevsky anachezera tchalitchiko ndipo ankakonda kwambiri chikondwerero cha Isitara.
Ponena za moyo waumwini, wolemba wa Romanov anali atakwatirana kawiri. Mkazi woyambirirawo anakhala Vera Pavlovna Abramov, mwana wamkazi wa mkulu wina wolemera. Ndizachilendo kuti m'nkhaniyo "zinyalala zana limodzi pamtsinje", inali Vera yomwe inakhala prototype wa ngwazi zazikulu za gelley.
Ukwati wawo, womwe unayamba mu 1908, unathetsa banja loti Abramova: mkazi, malinga ndi iye, anatopa ndi kusakhazikika kwa mwamuna wake. Sanawonjezere kumvetsetsa kwanu komanso kubiriwira pafupipafupi. Alexander Andenitovich yekha adayesanso kulembetsanso. Anadzipereka ku chikhulupiriro mabuku angapo, adalemba m'modzi wa iwo: "Mnzanga yekhayo." Komanso, mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo, wobiriwira sanalinso mbali ndi chithunzi cha Vera Pavlovna.
Komabe, mu 1921, mnyamata wina adakwatira Nina Mironova, yemwe adakhala moyo wake wonse. Okwatirana ankakhala mosangalala ndipo amadziona kuti ndi mphatso yopita.
Alexander Stepatovich atamwalira, Nina zobiriwira atagwira ntchito ya Crimea ndi Ajeremani adathamangitsidwa ku Germany kukagwira ntchito. Pobwerera ku Ussr, mayiyo adaimbidwa mlandu wakuipa kwawo, kotero zaka 10 zotsatira zinali m'misasa. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti onse obiriwira amadziwika kuti onse obiriwira sanali achizolowezi, komanso ochezeka, ngati nkotheka, amathandizirana mu ntchito yovuta komanso kampu.
Imfa
Alexander Stewanovich Green adamwalira m'chilimwe cha 1932. Choyambitsa chaimfa ndi khansa ya m'mimba. Wosuta waikidwa m'manda ku Crimea wakale, ndipo chipilala chimakhazikitsidwa pamanda ake chifukwa cha ntchito "kuthamanga pamafunde".
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mukapambana chigonjetso cha Soviet Union pa Nkhondo Yadziko II, mabuku obiriwira adadziwika ndi malingaliro a anti-Soviet ndi Zotsutsana za Proletiariat. Pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Joseph Stalin, dzina la wobiriwira lidakonzedwanso.
Pokumbukira bukuli, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale idatsegulidwa ku Feodosia, misewu, malaibulali, malaibulali, mabuku ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi adatchedwa, zopangidwa ndi zolengedwa zopangidwa ndi zina zambiri.
M'bali
- 1906 - "ku Italy"
- 1907 - "malalanje"
- 1907 - "Wokondedwa"
- 1908 - "Termp"
- 1908 - "Amuna Awiri"
- 1909 - "sitima yapamwamba"
- 1909 - "Maniac"
- 1909 - "Zochitika ku PSA Street"
- 1910 - "M'nkhalango"
- 1910 - "bokosi ndi sopo"
- 1911 - "Kuwala kwa mwezi"
- 1912 - "nthano yachisanu"
- 1914 - "Opanda pagulu"
- 1915 - "Aviator-Dunatic"
- 1916 - "Chinsinsi cha Nyumba 41"
- 1917 - "MZIMU WOurgetois"
- 1918 - "Ng'ombe ku Tomat"
- 1922 - "Moto Woyera"
- 1923 - "amayenda ofiira"
- 1924 - "Kuyenda Merry"
- 1925 - "machesi asanu ndi limodzi"
- 1927 - "nthano ya Ferguson"
- 1928 - "Kuthamanga pamafunde"
- 1933 - "Velvet Porver"
- 1960 - "Tinakhala pagombe"
- 1961 - "Stampps Stampps"