Chiphunzitso
Henrik Ibsen ndi dzina loyamba lomwe munthu aliyense amene amadzikumbutsa msanga ndi mabuku a Norway. Koma ntchito ya Ibsen sinafananenso, koma dziko lapansi. Kupikisana ndi zikhalidwe za zikhalidwe za ku Norwagan, pochita zinthu zachilengedwe kuchitira chuma, osewererawo adachoka kwawo kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Masewera, pomwe Ibsen adalandiridwa padziko lonse lapansi, adapangidwa ku Germany ndi Italy. Ndipo otchulidwa a Ibsen, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi wolemba m'mawu olimba a chiwembucho, adakhala moyo nthawi zonse.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
M'banja lolemera la Ibsenov pa Marichi 20, 1828, mnyamatayo adabadwa kwa omwe makolo adatchula dzina lake Herrik. Mu 1836, banja la Ibsenov linayamba kuwonongeka, linayenera kuyala malo onse kuti alipire ndi ngongole.
Kusintha kwa malo owopsa kugunda mwapakati. Ndipo m'mbuyomu sanasiyanitsidwe ndi chikhalidwe, mnyamatayo adatsekedwa kwathunthu m'minda yake. Kuwala kwa talente kuwonetsedwa - mu masewera olimbitsa thupi, Ibsen adayamba kusangalatsa malingaliro, nthawi zina aluso, m'mawu.
Ku Norway, lolani kuti akhale wazaka 400 ndi Colony Colony, amathanso kuphunzira osauka. Koma Henry amayenera kupeza ndalama m'malo mowerengera. Makolo a anyamata a zaka khumi mu 1843 adatumizidwa ku tawuni yoyandikana ya Grimstad, komwe adakhala wophunzira wa pharmacist.
Ntchito yomwe ili mu pharmacy sizinasokoneze ntchitoyi, m'malo mwake, mzimu umafunikira kudziona kuti ukudziwa. Chifukwa cha mavesiwo, epigram ndi zovala za nzika ku 1847th wa Herrik adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha achinyamata a grimstad.
Zosintha zochitika ku Europe, 1848, Ibsen adatenga mawu andale ndikulemba sewero loyambirira "Catina", lomwe silinali lotchuka.
Malembo
Mu 1850, mnyamata wina adapita ku Chikristu (monga Oslo amatchedwa Oslo mpaka 1924) kulowa ku yunivesite, koma pophunzira ku Sukulu Yogwira Ntchito Yangozi, mgwirizano ndi nyuzipepala yantchito ndi buku la ophunzira.
Kwa zaka zitatu, masewero atatu adalembedwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kudziwidwa ndi BJornistne Björn - payekha, Chithunzithunzi. Ibsen adabwera naye, chifukwa onse amakhulupirira kufunika kwa kudzifufuza kwa dziko la anthu wamba.
Mu 1852, zonse zidasandulika nkhope yachinyamata - Ibsen adayitanidwa ku Bergen, kwa bwalo la National National, komwe adatumikira monga mwaluso mpaka 1857. Masewera atsopano a Ibsen adapeza gawo la siteji, ndipo padaliponso pali mwayi wophunzirira zakudya zamanyazi, zomwe zimaloledwa kuti zikule luso.
Kuyambira pa 1857 mpaka 1862, Ibsen adatsogozedwa ndi zisudzo za ku Norway ku Christia ndikumenya nkhondo ndi zisudzo zachikristu, zomwe akuchita zikondwererozo zidavala bwino. Inde, sikuti, sanasiye kupanga, polemba sewero, kutenga Saogas ya Norway. Mu 1863, pomwe Herrik Ibsen anali atasiyira kale positi yamutu, bwalo laziawiri lomwe limakhalapo, ndipo zikondwererozo tsopano zidayenda ku Norway.
Ntchito yamkuntho yamkunthoyi inali ndi chidwi chofuna kukhala bwino, kukhala ndi gawo loyenera, kuphatikizapo kuzindikira pagulu. Apa, mosakaikira, ubwana wolemera amakhudzidwa. Zaka chimodzi ndi theka, Ibsen adafuna ophunzira maphunziro kuchokera kuthyorera (nyumba yamalamulo ya Norway).
Pomaliza, adalandira zomwe akufuna mu 1864, mothandizidwa ndi abwenzi, Ibsen ndi banja lake adachoka kwawo ndikukhala ku Italy. Kumeneko zaka ziwiri zidapanga maseweredwe awiri, "mtundu" ndi "chimfine pa iwo moyo wonse, zonse zomwe zidakwanitsidwa, ndizofunikira komanso zolemba.
"A Feathea Gunta" Danes ndi Anthu wamba amazindikira molakwika. Hans Christian AnderENS adayankha pa masewerawa ngati ntchito yoyipitsitsa, yomwe idawerengera. Adasunga zinthuzo. Komanso - Edward Grieg, yemwe adalemba nyimboyo pamasewera "kapena chimfine" pofunsira kwa wosewerera.
Ntchito inanso ya Ibsen idagwa kuchokera ku Ma Netwegy Saga. Mbambande ya Serama "House House", "mizukwa", "omanga matumbo", "omanga mileya" ndi masewera ena amati pamavuto.
Mwachitsanzo, sewero la "Zidole" linali losavuta pa zochitika zenizeni. Mutu waukulu wa ntchitoyi ndi "funso lachikazi", koma osati amayi a akazi omwe amayankhidwa. Tikulankhula za ufulu wa munthu wathunthu. Prototype wa munthu wamkulu anali Laura Kieler - wolemba yemwe anali mnzake ndi Ibsen, yemwe, kwenikweni, adalangiza mtsikana wazaka 19 kuti achite mabuku.
Mu Bayibulo la Henrick Ibsen, wowerenga sangapeze zolemba kapena nkhani - ndakatulo zokhazokha, ndakatulo ndi zamasewera. Sanachoke pamasewera osewerera. Koma masewerawa adalowa mu thumba lagolide la World Dumaturgy. Mabuku omwe ali ndi ntchito za Ibsen amafalitsidwa m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, ndipo azorissi wake wadutsa kale mwa anthu.
Moyo Wanu
Wachichepere Ibsen anali nthawi ndi akazi. Komabe, a Henry anali mwayi kukumana ndi Suuena Tauresen. Mwana wamkazi wamphamvu kwambiri wa wansembe anayamba mkazi wosewerera mu 1858, ndipo mu 1859th adabereka mwana yekhayo wa Ibsen - SIGRARD.
Herrik Ibsen sanakhalepo pachiwopsezo chokhudzana ndi moyo wamunthu. Chikhalidwe cha Kupanga - Anthu omwe amakonda komanso achikondi, ndipo Ibsen ndiosiyana. Koma ngakhale zinali izi, Susanna adakhalabe mkazi wake yekhayo.
Imfa
Mu 1891, kukhala wotchuka ku Europe, Ibsen adabwera kuchokera kumisonkhano yodzifunira yomwe idakhala nayo zaka 27. Kukristu, Herrik adakhala zaka 15, kukhala ndi nthawi yolemba madole anayi omaliza. Pa Meyi 23, 1906, nditadwala kwambiri, mbiri ya ku Norway ya ku Norway yakwaniritsidwa.
Chosangalatsa chidandiuza Dr. Edward ng'ombe. Ibsen asanamwalire, abale adasonkhana m'chipinda chake, ndipo namwino adazindikira kuti lero wodwalayo akuwoneka bwino. Wosewera momveka bwino:
"Ayi!", - namwalira.Mawu
"Anthu ambiri amafa, motero osatinso moyo. Mwamwayi kwa iwo, sazindikira. "Kuchimwira kwenikweni, n'zovuta kwambiri." "" Anthu ena amakonda kwambiri dziko lomwe ena ena angafune kukhala. " . "M'bali
- 1850 - "Catina"
- 1850 - "Bogatrr Kurgan"
- 1852 - "Chikhalidwe, kapena Kukonda Ndale"
- 1853 - Ivanov usiku
- 1855 - "Purse inron kuchokera ku Esro
- 1856 - "Pier ku Sulhauga"
- 1856 - "Asitikali ku Helgelda"
- 1857 - "Ulaf Lilyekrans"
- 1862 - "nthabwala za chikondi"
- 1863 - "Menyerani mpando wachifumu"
- 1866 - "Brand"
- 1867 - "Mtsogoleri wa"
- 1869 - "Mgwirizano Waunyamata"
- 1873 - Dongosolo "Kaisara ndi Galileini"
- 1877 - "zipilala za kampani"
- 1879 - "Zidole"
- 1881 - "mizukwa"
- 1882 - "Mdani Wa Anthu"
- 1884 - "Duck Wakuthengo"
- 1886 - Rosmergolm
- 1888 - "Mkazi Wochokera kunyanja"
- 1890 - "Gdda Gistr"
- 1892 - "Salnes Omanga"
- 1894 - "Wamng'ono Aolfe"
- 1896 - "Yun Gabriel Brorman"
- 1899 - "Pamene ife, akufa, adzudzudwe"