Chiphunzitso
Abale Lumiere - abambo "abambo" a "anali" ogulitsa mafilimu achi French, omwe adatsegula njira yopita kudziko la sinema kwa anthu. Anachotsa zopereka zoyambirira filimu ndikufalitsa pazenera. Matepi a ku France a Sinemtec pafupifupi matepi 1800 ojambulidwa ndi abale otchuka.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Louis Jean ndi Auguste Louis Marie nicolas Limiere adabadwira ku Beanone (France). Abambo Charles - Antoine a Amiere anali wojambula bwino, komanso chidwi chojambula. Mu 1870, banjali linasamukira ku London, komwe Auguste ndi Louis anamaliza maphunziro a La Martiniere Surse Sukulu. Atachoka ku Beannçon, a Jeanne Josefina KOSTEELUME LOMEER adabereka mwana wina wamwamuna Esana ndi akazi atatu.
Charles-Antoine adatsegula chomera chaching'ono ndikupanga zithunzizi. Ngakhale kuti Louis ndi mmodzi wa alongowo adagwira ntchito mu fakitale kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo, bambo wa banja lomumiere poopseza bankyprappu. Mothandizidwa ndi Auguste, yemwe adabwera kuchokera kunkhondo, adakwanitsa kukhazikitsa mapulani ndipo mu 1884 kuti alembe antchito khumi ndi awiri. Mu 1892, abambo ake adapita kwa mpumulo woyenera, ndipo mbewu yonse idataya abale ambiere.
Kanema
Mu 1892, Louis ndi Auguste Lumura adakwera kukula kwa zida za zida, zomwe zitha kubwezeretsanso zithunzi. Anakhala ndi njira zingapo zofunika kwambiri, kuphatikizapo zonunkhira zamafilimu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikusunga filimuyi, ngakhale poyamba njirayi idakhazikitsidwa ndi ma emil a Emil. M'chaka chomwecho, chida chinawonekera, cholongosoka chimatchedwa "Cinématoghur Louly". Lingaliro lopanga "sinema" ndi la Leon bali.
Kusintha kwa zida za diaratos kumalepheretsa kusowa kwa ndalama, kotero ufulu wa chipangizocho adagulitsa abale a Lumaere. Adawafotokozera mtundu wawo mu 1895. Filimu yoyamba idachotsedwa ndikuwonetsedwa mchaka chomwecho.
Chiwonetsero cha nyumbayo chidachitika mu 1895, March 22. Mu "gulu pokonzanso mafakitale a dziko lapansi" mumzinda wa Paris, anthu 200 anasonkhana pa mwambowu. Mutu waukulu wa msonkhano waukulu unali chithunzi chojambulidwa, koma chidwi cha owonera chidakhazikitsidwa ku chithunzi choyenda ndi choyera.
Ogwira ntchito yodziwika bwino "Kutuluka kwa Ogwira Ntchito kuchokera ku fakitale" adalowa nkhaniyo ngati filimu yoyamba yomwe omvera akuwonetsedwa pazenera lalikulu. Bungwelo lidachitika pa Marichi 22, 1895 pamsonkhanowu pakupanga mapangidwe ojambula ku France.
Mwa njira, inali "kutuluka kwa ogwira ntchito kuchokera ku fakitaleyo kuti" Unali ulemu potsegula gulu lolipira lolipira, lomwe lidachitika ku Papachin pa Disembala 28, 1895 ku Papuchin Boulevard Pansi "Grand Cafe" Wodzikuza pang'ono alibe chiwembu chovuta: pamafelemu, ogwira ntchito omwe akuwagwira kuchokera ku nyumbayo akuwonetsedwa. Ntchito za Abale a Lumuère zinali zochepa kuchokera ku moyo weniweni.
Kanemayo "kupulumutsa" amakamba za phunziroli kwa wokwera wa Calwerry yemwe akufuna kukwera pa kavalo.
Chithunzi chotchuka kwambiri cha Louis ndi Augushte ma ngulus amadziwika kuti "kufika kwa sitima pa lasik tating'ono." Ngakhale pali chiwembu chophweka, kanemayo ndi wotchuka kwambiri. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha mbiri ya omvera omwe adachita pa gawoli. Muvidiyo imodzi kwa nthawi yoyamba, mapulani wamba, apakati ndi akulu okhala ndi chipinda chokhazikika chidawonekera.
Zojambula zowoneka bwino komanso kusuntha "mu holo" sitimayo idawopa kuti alendo akhale alendo. Kufika pa sitimayo kwa sitima yokongola ya Lang "ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapangidwa koyamba. Abale azomwe ali mbadwa zachibadwa nawo adajambula. Kanemayo anawonetsedwa mu 1896.
Kupanga kunagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1895 m'chithunzithunzi cha mawu akuti "polyffeal polyluler". Malinga ndi lingaliro lakuthirira mbewu, wolima dimbayo sazindikira anyamata-hooligan, omwe adalowa payipi. Madzi anasiya kugwira ntchito, ndipo wolima amayang'ana pakhosi. Mnyamatayo amachotsa mwendo wake ndi iye, ndipo madzi okhala ndi zovuta zimasokoneza dimbayo kumaso. Amakwiya pambuyo pake kuthamanga hooligan.
Udindo wa filimuyo adasankha wolima dimbais Clain Claire, yemwe adagwira ntchito ku malo a Lumen, ndi Mwana wa m'modzi wa antchito. Mnyamatayo adatchedwa Duwava wa Benoa. Chiwembu cha filimuyo chinali maziko a ntchito zina zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pake, mapulani a "wopukutidwa" adagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati "munthu wochokera ku Kapuchin Boulevard".
Kanema wachisanu ndi chiwiri pa kanema wolipiridwa mu Grand Cattle adayamba kujambula "chakudya cham'mawa" cha Augustertea, okwatirana ndi ana ake aakazi. Mu chimango cha awiriwo amadya mwana kuchokera pa supuni. Filimuyi idawonekera mu 1895. Mwana wamkazi wa Eriera anawonekera m'chithunzichi "chofanizira nsomba zofiira".
Kutalika kwa filimu ya filimu iliyonse yocheperako inali pafupifupi metres, ndipo nthawi yowonetsera inali itangokhala ndi masekondi 50: ndi zochuluka kuti mafilimu oyamba apitiliza.
Mbiri yakale, abale a Lumaere mu 1896 adawonetsa ku London, New York, Bombay. Mu 1898, Louis Lumiere adapitilizabe kukonzanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamafilimu. Zokumana nazo zokumana nazo m'munda wa zithunzi ndi sinema mu utoto.
Mu 1903, Louis lousiem adalamulidwa ndi arathrom - njira yomwe imatengera utoto. Polemekeza Louis loumira mu 1914, asteroid adatchulidwa. Polemekeza mayiyu, pali ndalama zambiri zolembedwa bwino kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa kupanga kwa "sinema" komweko, kumakhulupirira kuti abale ake ndi malingaliro a mafilimu nthawi zonse. Kanema wa mafilimu a sinema amaphatikizapo ntchito yochepa makumi asanu a mitu yosiyanasiyana. Mukukonzekera kujambula, maluso ndi njira zatsopano zidawonekera. Magawo, nyimbo (Saxopthone kapena piyano) nthawi zonse imamveka mu holo.
Amadziwika kuti Louis ndi Auguste Lumiera ndipo sakanatha kuganiza za masikelo omwe angatenge "sinema" wawo. Amakhulupirira kuti kunali kosangalatsa kwambiri ndi zomwe mungapange phindu.
Mu 1919, Louis Limisere adakhala membala wa ku France Academy of Sayansi. Kwa nthawi yonseyi pogwira ntchito ndi abale a Cinema achoka pa 1800 ntchito.
Moyo Wanu
Dzina la mkazi wa Auguster Lyur - Margaret Warn. Ukwati ukwati udalembetsedwa mu 1893. Ana awiri adabadwa muukwati: Mwana wamkazi Andre ndi mwana wa Henri.
Mtsikanayo adapita m'mbiri yanthawi zonse, monga kuwonekera m'matumbo a mafilimu oyamba. Mu 1914, adamwalira ndi fufufuta. Henry asanayambe kuyamba nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse isanapitilize kukhala abale ambiere. Louis adakwatirana ndi mlongo wake wa mkazi wa Auguste, adauka.
Imfa ya Abale a Lumiere
Mu 1948, Juis Luoniere anamwalira, pa Epulo 10, 1954 - Auguste. Lyon ndi amaikidwa pabanja pa manda atsopano a Guillaty.
Imfa ya anthu omwe akuwakonda a ku Fregenda adalemba mwatsatanetsatane mu magwero. Pambuyo pa imfa, abale ambiere adasiya cholowa chachikulu.
Mu 1960, nyenyezi yomwe ili "ya alley yaulemelero" Hollywood idawonekera polemekeza opanga. Kuphatikiza apo, zipilala zimakhazikitsidwa ku Lyon ndi La Sicho, komanso ku Yekinateinburg.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, "Bank of France" adatulutsa mabanki ndi chithunzi cha abale a Lumaere, mu 1995, chifukwa cha mbiri yakale kwambiri, mabuku ami miliyoni 17, adayimitsidwa. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha zomwe mwakumana nazo mwadzidzidzi pa mgwirizano wa "makolo" a sinema ndi boma la mgwirizano wa VIchy panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.
Kafukufuku
- 1895 - "Wodzitukumula"
- 1895 - "Purshop ku Larite"
- 1895 - "OGWIRA NTCHITO YOPHUNZITSA"
- 1895 - "Chakudya Cham'mawa"
- 1895 - "Kugwira Golfish"
- 1895 - "A Blacksmiths"
- 1895 - "Kusamba Nyanja"
- 1895 - "Sitima kufika ku La Laute"
- 1896 - "Masewera a Snowball"