Mavuto - Nkhani Zachilengedwe, Mfundo, Zolemba Za Moyo

Mbiri Yodziwika

Nthabwala A.S. Girboedov "Tsoka a Wit" ali m'gulu la zitsanzo zongokwatirana ndi sewero la sewero lakale. Limafotokoza mafunso osatha omwe amadzuka ku m'badwo uliwonse watsopano. Kulemba kwa ntchitoyo kunasiya nthawi yayitali kuchokera kwa wolemba, monga zolemba zowerengera zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri. Kuwonetsera maluso odabwitsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, adayamba kudziwa ndipo adamvanso nthawi yatsopano.

Pulogalamu ya akatswiri, katswiri wa chikhalidwe ndi aluso adasiyira cholowa chosauka. Zolengedwa zingapo zimasiyanitsidwa pobweretsa mitheramu yosintha. "Chisoni cha m'maganizo" chinagonjera mobwerezabwereza. Mawu olemba mapiko ndi zolemba pamasewerawa amagwiritsidwabe ntchito polankhula, kusokonekera.

Mbiri Yolengedwa

Lingaliro lolemba nthabwala, momwe cholinga chake cham'masiku amakono, mfundo za mibadwo ndi mfundo za mibadwo yosiyanasiyana zidzaperekedwa, Girboedov adachokera mu 1816. Pamodzi mwa ozungulira, kazembeyo adazindikira kupembedza kotheratu kwa alendo ndi ziweto zakunja komwe kumachitika nthawi kulikonse.

Satirick adazindikira ngati chifukwa chodzichitira chidwi chapafupi ndikupanga kusewera kosaiwalika. Za iye, wolembayo adafuwula nkhani zenizeni, omwe adamva ndikuyang'anira madyerero a Sutch.

Mu 1820s, akutumikira ku Tifisis, Gicroedov adalemba machaputala asanu ndi awiriwa, koma adapitilizabe kugwira ntchito ku Moscow. Tchuthi lalifupi chinali chokwanira kuwunika momwe likulu la likulu la likulu ndikumvetsetsa mtundu wa anthu omwe adakhala prototypes kwa ngwazi zantchito. Nthawi imeneyi, titha kuphatikizira kulemba monolologie wotchuka wa Chatsky wokhala ndi mawu achinyengo:

"Kodi Oweruza ndi ndani?".

Mu 1823 wolemba amapanga nthabwala zachitatu komanso zinayi, kenako adayamba kupanga zida zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kudzaza kosangalatsa komanso mtundu wa seweroli. Wotsutsa wochokera ku Chadovsky anasanduka Chatsky, ndipo dzina la seweroli lochokera ku "phiri la Philu" linkadziwika kuti "chisoni chochokera m'maganizo." Choyamba chosinthika chidasinthidwa, ndipo zochitika zomwe zikufotokozedwa za Sophia ndi Molchalin idakhazikitsidwa komaliza pa seweroli.

Mu 1824, wolemba adatsimikizira kuti ntchitoyo idagwira ntchito. M'chaka chomwechi anakonzekera kufalitsa, koma chilolezo cholengeza sichinali chophweka. Chiuno cha almana "Chiuno cha Russia" chinali koyamba, pamasamba omwe amafotokoza za "chisoni chochokera m'maganizo," linaonekera, kukonza komanso kufupikitsidwa. Ngakhale m'malo osinthidwa, ntchitoyo idapangitsa chidwi kwambiri pagulu komanso mwachangu lidakhala m'matawuni.

Girroedove mwachangu adawulukira ku Olimpus. Seweroli linasindikizidwa koyamba mu Chijeremani mu 1831 mu kubangula, ndipo mu 1833 Genlowers adapanga buku lopeka ku Moscow. Mu 1862, anthu adapatsidwa mwayi woti adziwe kuwerenga kwa wolemba, ndipo mu mtundu wonse wa seweroli adawona kuwala kwa mawonekedwe a A.S. Girroedov mu 1913.

Ngwazi, yomwe mzere wake sunasinthe, anali Pavel Afaansastevich Fastoov. Dzina lake limadziwika kuti ndikulankhula, monga kumasulira kuchokera ku Latin "Besta" amatanthauza "Kumva, Kumva". Girroedov adamumasulira kuti "malingaliro aboma." Zochita zimachitika mnyumba ya ngwazi ndipo imatenga masana. Zochitika zamalonda zimayenda pang'onopang'ono pamavuto, zomwe zikuyamba kuyenda.

Prototype wa ngwaziyo anali amalume Gibroedov. Kazembeyo adafotokoza za munthu yemwe chikhalidwe chake chinali chosowa m'makono ndipo chimawerengedwa mzaka zingapo zapitazo, pomwe kulera kunali kosiyana, ndipo moyo wake unali kuyenda m'njira zina. Khalidwe lomwe GusOedove anapatsa wachibale, anakumbutsa malingaliro ndi maso a catsky. Ma Smpamabotat anali ochereza, koma amakonda kuphunzitsa mnyamatayo.

HALALAVV idakhala pabanja komanso mikhalidwe yamalingaliro yomwe idawonetsa olemekezeka ambiri nthawi imeneyo. Chithunzi cha ngwazi chinali chodziwika. Monga momwe amathera nawo nkhondo zakupha, kenako ndikulemba kutsogolo kwa munthu wamkulu wozungulira.

Chithunzi ndi chilengedwe

HALALAV idakhala kukhazikika kwa boma ndi akuluakulu akusewera. Mtundu wotere unagawidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, ndipo anthu a Warehoise yosungiramo zinthu zinafotokozedwa ndi onyenga komanso anthu, m bwalo wa Girboedov anali. Mwanjira ya ngwazi iyi idamveka ngati gulu la anthu ophunzitsidwa bwino osagwirizana ndi mabuku ndi kupeza chidziwitso. M'mutu "wochokera m'maganizo" wa njala ndi malo olemera komanso mkulu wa omwe ulamuliro wamphamvu ndalama ndi wokwera kwambiri. Kulemekeza kwambiri anthu, kuganizira za maphunziro ake ndi maphunziro okwanira.

Maluso akupezeka m'nyumba ya Helsov amacheza anthu ambiri ofuula. Mwiniwake wa nyumbayo, wotsatira amawoneka ngati m'gulu lankhondo, ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhudza lingalira, chimathandiza malingaliro a ulemuwo ndikuchita zinthu zambiri mwanzeru m'nkhani zabwino. Chochitika chake cha tsiku ndi tsiku chimapangitsa chithunzi cha munthu wopatsa chidwi, ndipo zofananira zokongola za munthu zolemekezeka zomwe Atate wolemekezeka a banjali amamvetsetsa zomwe akunena.

Khalidwe lolankhula lomwe Gistoedov limapereka, limafotokoza bwino kwambiri zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa wolodov. Alendo amalemekeza m'badwo wake, momwe timakondera mwana wake wamkazi wokondedwa, kuphedwa komwe kumawonekera m'munsi mwa wamkulu. Nthawi yomweyo, kukamenya ndi kutsanzira chifukwa chosazindikira komwe kumawonetsa boma, komanso ngati munthu wosavuta. Amakhala kuti adalemba tsiku lobadwa lomwe silichita chilichonse. M'mawu omwe ali mawu owala kwambiri, tsindikani mfundo yoti mankhwala akuimira zaka zakale.

Pankhope ya Faltoov, wolemba amafalitsa owerenga ndi eni malo onse aku Russia omwe afotokozedwa. Wamphamvu ndi zankhanza, azolowera kuchititsa ma serfs, kusekeratu mitu ndi mphamvu yake pamalo otentha, kufuna kudziwa zabwino ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito bwino. Ndi akuluakulu a ndulu ndi odzikuza kwambiri ndi a Kvanieli, ndipo pamaso pa magiya, ngwazi imalimbikitsa gitala.

Girroedov, pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake, kuwulula gulu lomwe linali lothandiza pa serfs. Anthu a m'nthawi yomwe a Girboedoedov adaphunzirapo nkhaniyi, motero panali mphamvu ya bomba losweka pagulu. Ngwachikulu komanso monga momwe amatsutsira kukula kwa sayansi ndi chikhalidwe, anachepetsa kupita patsogolo ndipo sanakangana kukula kwa uzimu ndi chikhalidwe.

"Tsoka kuchokera"

Mzinda wa Moscow ndi malo ochereza kumene moyo wachikale masiku ano umalamulira. Zojambula zapadziko lonse zimalumikizidwa pano ndi zikondwerero za chikondwerero, zomwe Godgeress Catherine II. Nyengo ya ulamuliro wake, malinga ndi kukamenya nkhondo, inali m'badwo wagolide.

Khalidwe lomwe limangowopa nthawi zonse "Sakanachitika bwanji," limadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo limalemekeza ena. Iye ndiye munthu wamkulu wa ndalama zakumaku, momwemonso anali wolemba kuti amatsutsa mwana wosamveka bwino. Ngwazi ya Dracip siyana yomvera miseche, imasunga malamulo olemekezeka, amathandizira miyambo ya makolo ndi ulemu. Kugundana kwake ndi wotsutsako ndikosatheka, chifukwa kuvuta kwake, komwe amazolowera, ndiye maziko a moyo wake. Zosintha pangozi za pa nthawi zonse za mavuto amakamba za bayonets.

Kufika kwa Chatsky kumaphatikizapo mavuto kwa mwini nyumbayo. Akuwayembekezera, osazindikira kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu bwanji m'malingaliro awo. Unyamatayo, kupsa mtima komanso malingaliro a mlendo kumayambitsidwa ndi madonavov kuti asokonezedwe, ndipo maweruzo olimba mtima amamalizidwa ndi chithunzi.

Mil Faltov abodza ndi achinyengo. Izi zimawonekera mu ubale wachikondi ndi Sophia ndipo kunamizira kukhala chete. Ngakhale owoneka owoneka, alendo a ku Balov Soltatov amadana wina ndi mnzake. M'malo olakwika, chazki ochita chidwi, ndipo ngakhale chikondi sichimupulumutsa.

Akusiya dziko lakwawo, amapeza mphamvu. Kuyambira lero, cholinga chake ndi chikhumbo cholenga gulu latsopano. Koma, pobwerera kunyumba, iye akumvetsa kuti palibe chomwe chasintha apa. Anthu sanakonzekere kusintha. Chikondi chimasungidwa mokhulupirika pansi pa mapulani a Faltoov kuti apereke Shishos atakwatirana ndi scalosis. Chatsky amakhumudwitsidwa mwa mwini nyumbayo, banja ndi chilengedwe. Kwa Starlavesky Society Society Socient Socient Societ Factic Fact Fallostevich Faltoov, Chatsky - Ittator of the Omwe sakonda kusintha - idakhala yovuta.

Kutchinga

"Tsoka a malingaliro" ndichitsanzo chabwino cha sewero lakale. Seweroli limayikidwa muzosangalatsa ndipo silinagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu za sinema. Anthu amangokhalira kungochitika TV pa ntchito ya Alexander Sergeevich Griboelimev.

Mtundu woyamba umayimiriridwa ndi anthu mu 1952. Uku ndikuchita kwa zisudzo zazing'ono za Ussr mu kapangidwe ka Sergey Alekseeva ndi Vitaly Vitathky. Udindo wa Falsatov m'mbuyomo adapita ku Paul zuben.

Wachiwiri wa Telepstatovka adawonetsedwa ndi omvera mu 1977 ndi boma lamakono lakale. Wotsogozedwa ndi Vladimir Ivanov ndi Mikhal Tsarev. Mu mawonekedwe a Soltoov, Mikhal Tsarev yemweyo adawonekera pazenera.

Mawu

Ntchito za seweroli ndi mawonekedwe akuti ngwazi ndizomveka pa zojambula zawo. Mawu achisoni amadziwika ndi malingaliro ake ndi zamadziko. Ngwazi yotsutsana ndi mkhalidwe wachilendo ndi akunja, koma kutsatira miyambo, kumaganizira kufunika kophunzitsa ana kuchokera kudziko lina. Ngakhale adamuyitanitsa "kubweretsa" ku French, koma, kuona mayanjano, otsimikizika:

"Amayi Anamwalira: Ndinkadziwa kuyendetsa

Ku Madana Rosier mayi wachiwiri. "

Kudzimva - Chofunika Kwambiri kwa Ngwazi. Iye si lingaliro labwino la chikondi, ndipo izi zitha kuwoneka m'mawu omwe wolemba adalemba mwa mawonekedwe. Kutola chidwi cha mwana wamkazi, amatsogozedwa ndi phindu:

"Talawani, Atate, moyenera;

Pali malamulo ake onse:

Mwachitsanzo, apa, takhala tikukumana nawo,

Kuti ndi Atate ndi dzina;

Khalani oyipa, inde ngati mukufuna

Sambani masauzande awiri mwa awiri -

Uyo ndi Mkwati. "

Poyesa kukopa mwana wamkazi kuti amvere Mkwati wina wopindulitsa, amatsimikizira mwana wawo wamkazi:

"Ah! Amayi, osamaliza kuwomba!

Ndani ndi wosauka, simuli banja. "

Kulongosola kokwanira kwa ubale wa Inlov ndi maphunziro, komwe kumatanthauza kuti kuwunikira kumagona m'mawu:

"Kapena ngati choyipa chimasiya kuteteza:

Sungani mabuku onse adzadwala. "