Chiphunzitso
Wolemba mabuku osangalatsa a Reed adalephera kusangalala ndi moyo wonse. Buku limodzi lokha lochokera ku 60 lokha wokondedwa ndi anthu - "wamahatchi opanda mutu." Nkhani ya wolembayo ili ndi zochitika zambiri, zomwe pambuyo pake zidawonetsera pa masamba a ntchito. Komabe, ngakhale kuti amatha kuwonetsa zinthu zenizeni papepala, nakwe lalikulu kumwalira ndi munthu wosowa, wodwala ndi wosauka.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Thomas mainwa adabadwa pa Epulo 4, 1818 mudzi kakang'ono ka Irish waku Ballironi. Ataleredwa m'banja lachipembedzo: Abambo a Tomasi chachikulu chotsika kwambiri cha mpingo wa Presbyterian ndi m'busa, ndipo mayi a ku Aenne a Adde, onsewa anali mwana wamkazi.
Dzinalo la Tomasi Mnyamata wamkulu adalandira atabatizidwa, polemekeza agogo-a agogo. Popeza bambo ake amatchedwanso Thomas Meani, wolemba wamtsogolo "adataya" dzina loyamba - kuti usasokonezeke. Kuyambira ndili mwana, ma bango wokulirapo amadziwa umphawi wake. Makolo amayenera kugwira ntchito kwambiri kuti asade ndi njala. Mnyamatayo nawonso sanathetse ntchito yonyansa. Pambuyo pake zidamuthandiza kuzolowera mikhalidwe yankhanza ndikupanga ntchito yabwino yankhondo.
Atate amafuna langa kuti apite kumapazi ake ndikukhala wansembe. Chifukwa chake, mu Seputembara 1834, mnyamatayo adalowa ku Royal Acalminic Institute of Belfast. Kumeneko anaphunzira zaka zinayi, koma sanapeze mphamvu kuti amalize maphunziro. Reed anabwerera kumudzi kwawo ndipo anayamba kuphunzitsa kusukulu.
Mu Disembala 1839, ukulu ukulu unkangokhala ngalawa ku Damfris, ndipo miyezi iwiri pambuyo pake imasuta ku New Orleans, Louisiana. Apa, wolemba wamtsogolo adalandira wotumiza fakitale ya chimanga, nthawi zina amagulitsa nkhanza pamsika. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, adachoka mumzinda chifukwa cha nkhanza za akapolo: iwo, monga nyama, adamenya chikwapu chawo, oletsedwa kuchapa. Zochitika izi zidawonekera mu Roma "Quorronka", lolemba mu 1856.
Kuchokera kwa New Orleans, bango anasamukira ku Tennessee, komwe amagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi. Kumapeto kwa 1840, adatsegula sukulu yasekondale ku Nashville.
Mabuku ndi Ntchito Yankhondo
Kumapeto kwa 1842, kwakukulu anasamukira ku Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, ndipo adayamba ntchito yolemba. Mnyamatayo analemba nkhani zokhudza maulendo ake ku America, adasindikizidwa mu "Pittsburgh Mawa Chrocle" pansi pa SPUDSI WAKUKHUDZA. Komanso pamasamba a nyuzipepala ya ndakatulo ya "zochokera ku West Indies" zidawonekera.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1843, wolemba adasamukira ku Philadelphia. Anapitilizabe kufalitsa m'magazini ("nduna ya Dady", "Graham Magazini ya Nadina", "landa Magazini National National"), kubisa kumbuyo komwe komweko ngati Pittsburgh. Inali pano, ku Philadelphia, bango lalikulu lidakumana ndi edgar Allan. Wotsirizayo adatchulapo kuti ndi "kudzikonda kwake, koma wabodza kwambiri, koma wabodza kwambiri", posonyeza kuti amatha kufotokoza zinthu zodalirika kwambiri.
M'chaka cha 1846, nkhondo itayamba pakati pa Mexico ndi United States, kweh amagwira ntchito monga kulembedwa kolemba kwa New York ndikusindikizidwa pansi pa malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pa Novembala 23 wa chaka chomwecho, adalowa m'magulu oyamba a New York m'manja mwa mfumu yonama. Kwa miyezi ingapo, ankhondo amakhala pachilumba cha Lobosi, kenako nkuchita nawo za mzinda waku Mexico ku Meracrus. M'nyuzipepala ya nyuzipepala "nthawi zambiri" nthawi zambiri inkawoneka ngati zolaula zokhudza zochitika zomwe zikuchitika. Adapeza dzinalo "Nkhani Zoyimba".
Pa Seputembara 13, 1847, kunkhondo ya Chapuleti, bango lalikulu lidalandira bala lovuta pa ntchafu. Anzake a Comboded adaganiza kuti wolemba adaphedwa. Pafupifupi tsiku lomwe adakhala m'munda pakati pa mitemboyo, adapulumuka achifwamba aja asanapezeke ndi kutumizidwa kuchipatala. Chifukwa cha kulimba mtima, kuwonetsedwa kunkhondo, mwamunayo anauka kwa woyang'anira. Pa Meyi 5, 1848, Reed adasiya kubwereketsa ku New York.
Zolemba zimatsatiridwa koyamba. Mu Okutobala chaka chomwecho, paphiri la Walnat Street kwa 5 Madzulo adakumana ndi tsoka la "ofewetsa chikondi", omwe adalemba nkhondo isanachitike. Pa June 27, kuunikako kunawona nkhani yankhondo "yankhondo, kapena msilikali wopatsa mwayi wonena za moyo wa" za moyo wa moyo pankhondo. Bwenzi la Reed, Donn Piatt, adamzindikira kuti ndi wolemba wopanda pake, akuzindikira zoopsa:
"New The bango adalemba m'nyumba yanga momwe adakhala nthawi yozizira. Anachokera kunkhondo yaku Mexico, kukongoletsedwa ndi bala lalikulu ndikukula ndi ulemerero wolimba mtima wankhondo yathu yaying'ono. Pomwe sanasamale atsikana ake okongola ndipo sanadumphe m'magalimoto anga, adalemba buku lomwe zichitike ku Mexico komanso m'malire a Mexico. Madzulo, amatiwerengera mutu wa buku lino (anali wowerenga wabwino kwambiri), ndipo ngati sichinalembedwe mokwanira, ndipo ngati sichidalembedwa mokwanira, malingaliro ake, otamandidwa, kwa masiku angapo sanatengenso nthenga ndikuyendetsa mbewa ndi kudumpha kwake kwakuthengo. Ndinazindikira kuti kuti apulumutse a Jenny a Jenny, muyenera kutamanda ntchito yake. "Ogwira ntchito yosavuta adafuna kulowa nawo kusintha kwa Bavaria, koma malingaliro ake adaletsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwamphamvu ndi kusowa kwa ndalama. M'malo mwake, adabwerera kwawo ku Ireland, ndipo m'ma 180s adafika ku London, komwe adafalitsa buku lake loyamba "mivi wa volnaya."
Ntchitoyi imachitika kwambiri. Munthu wamkulu, woyang'anira wamkulu, amatenga nawo mbali ku Mexico. Mwakutero, palibe nkhani m'buku, makamaka imakhala ndi zojambula ndi zokondweretsa zochokera mu moyo wa asirikali.
Chifukwa bukuli limatsatira "osaka a Scalp", "kukhala m'chipululu", "kufunafuna njati zoyera". Ntchito yomaliza yalembedwa mumtundu wa zolemba zachilengedwe. Zochitika zimachitika ku Louisiana. Aites ochokera ku France, abambo ndi ana amuna atatu, akuyenera kupeza khungu la njati zoyera. Sizingatheke kugula kulikonse, motero abale anasankha kupeza nyamayo ndi kupha. Amadzaza nkhani ndi ziwembu zazomera: mwachitsanzo, anyamatawo ali ndi thumba la mikanda, momwe mphamvu yodabwitsa imayikidwa.
Ntchito zoyambirira za bango zikuluzikulu zimapangidwa kuti zizikhala zozungulira. Chifukwa chake, Theodore Roosevelt, Purezidenti wa 26 Purezidenti wa United States adaganizira za ntchito ya wolemba novice. Pambuyo pake, adayamba katswiri wamkulu walemba.
M'zaka 10 zotsatira, bango adalemba ntchito 23. Pakati pawo, buku la mbiri yakale ", mtsogoleri wa semirel" akhoza kusiyanitsa (filimuyo ")" THE OWALLLE, kapena ulendo wopita ku Tyychunok ", Komanso kupitiliza kwa "zotayika mu nyanja", nkhani zokongoletsera ku Africa, zokongoletsedwa ndi mafanizo owala, ma glove "oyera oyera" onena za England kwa Hava kwa 1640-1641.
Mu 1865, buku la buku, kulemekeza bango lalikulu, - "wamahatchi opanda mutu." Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'moyo wake, wolemba adapeza ndalama zambiri. Sindikudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zachuma, adalemba zachilendo: Kukula m'mudzi wa Chingerezi wa Gerades - Mtanda, Kumanganso kwa dziko la Mexico. Kupanga Ndalama Zonsezo, mu Novembala 1866, Reed adabera. Anakwanitsa kuthetsa mavuto azachuma kapena ndalama zambiri mu Januware 1867.
Pofunafuna kutchuka kale, wolembayo anasamukira ku London kupita ku America ndipo anayambitsa matendawa. Ntchito zake zatsopano sizinasangalatse omvera. Pang'ono chifukwa cha vuto la mantha, kuvula ntchafu wakale. Matendawa anali akulu, ndipo anakhala theka la chipatala. Mu 1870, bukuli lidabwerera ku London, kuchititsidwa manyazi ndi kusakonda ntchito yake.
Moyo Wanu
Mu 1851, pomwe RODO ALIYENSE, anakumana ndi Elizabeth Heididi, mwana wake wamkazi wa wofalitsa wake. Kenako mtsikanayo ali ndi zaka 13 zokha, motero sanamvere chidwi ndi wolemba wamkulu wosachita bwino. M'malemba ake adalemba kuti:
"Kamodzi madzulo, Captain the bango lalikulu linali mlendo m'nyumba yandalama. Usanafike madzulo osaiwalika, sindinamvepo dzina lake. "
Ndipo wolemba adakondana ndi mtsikana akangoyang'ana. Kwa zaka ziwiri, bango lafuna komwe Elizabeti, ndipo mu 1853 banjali linakwatirana. Banja silinagawe zokonda zomwezo, ndipo ukwati wawo unkawoneka kuti walephera. Mtsikanayo sanadziwe momwe angagwiritsire chuma chokhacho, ndipo kunalibe ndalama kwa ogwira ntchito m'banjamo. Komabe, womvera anakhulupirika kwa mwamuna wake mpaka masiku otsiriza a moyo wake. Iwo analibe ana.
Zaka zatha ndi Imfa
Mu 1870, atabwerera ku London, Reed anali wokhumudwa. Zokumana nazo zochokera pansi pamtima zidakulitsa ululu mu ntchafu. Wolemba mabuku mobwerezabwereza anabwereranso ku luso, analemba kuti palibe amene anakumbukira magulu aku Komiti ku European ndi America. Mapeto ake, adakhumudwa, ndimkulu adaganiza zolimbana ndi zowawa ndikukhala olumala. Kwa zaka 10 zapitazi za moyo, sakanatha kuyenda popanda ndodo.
Matumbo akuluakulu anamwalira pa Okutobala 22, 1883, pa chaka cha 66 cha moyo, ku London. Manda ake ali mmanda wobiriwira.
Pambuyo pa imfa, kutchuka kwa wolemba ku New Britain ndipo United States sikunachuluke, koma zotengera zake zidagulidwa ku USSR. Zinali ku Soviet Union mu 1973 "Wahava wopanda mutu" adatetezedwa. Zowona, kanjira kakang'ono kwambiri kwayimitsidwa.
M'bali
- 1849 - "Moyo wa Gulu Lankhondo, kapena Ulendo wa Officer Kuwala"
- 1850 - "Mivi Valnaya"
- 1853 - "Pofunafuna Bison Yoyera"
- 1856 - "Quorceonka"
- 1859 - "Otole, wamkulu wa semimonis"
- 1859 - "Nyanja Votchokok"
- 1864 - "Wotayika M'nyanja"
- 1864 - "Maluwa Oyera"
- 1865 - "Wahava wopanda mutu"
- 1866 - "Bandilo, kapena ukwati m'mapiri"
- 1868 - "Msungwana"
- 1872 - "Chala Cha Chala"
- 1877 - "Chingwe Chakuda"
- 1882 - "Phiri Lotayika"