Chiphunzitso
Palibe m'badwo umodzi wa ana a Soviet afika m'mavesi a ana ndi ma poir of Irina Tokmajava. "Mwina zero siili wolakwa?", "Alyaxich ndi kalatayo", m'mawa ", mawu onse a ntchito izi amadzazidwa ndi kukoma mtima ndi kuwala, tinthu tambala yemweyo. Moyo wake wonse, Irina Petrovna adatumikira pantchito ya ana a ana: odziwika ndi matembenuzidwe anzeru a ntchito za olemba achilendo kwa owerenga ochepa.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Irina Petrovna adabadwa pa Marichi 3, 1929 ku Moscow. Abambo Peter Manukov (Manukian) amagwira ntchito ngati injiniya wamagetsi. Amayi a Lindia Fligenskaya - mwa ntchito ya dokotala, adalunjika metropolitan "nyumba ya okwera". Pano pa pansi poyambirira ndikukhala ndi banja la Manukov, kunalibe nyumba ina.
Nyumba ina inali yazakale za abambo, omwe anali atakwatirana nawo anakulirakulirale za ku Ira ndi mlongo wake wamkulu, zomwe zidamutsogolera, adakonzekereratu. Lydia Alexandrovna adagwira ntchito kwambiri: yofanana ndi ntchito yayikulu yophunzitsidwa mu 1 Medioteite Institute matenda a ana.
"Mayi anga onse akumaubwana ndi ana a anthu ena kuposa ana ake aakazi awiri," Iris Petrovna amakumbukira.Ndakatulo za Papa "Papa" adakondedwa kwambiri ndi ntchito ya Puskukin. Nthawi zambiri amadzaza mchere pang'ono iru m'mawondo ndikujambulidwa. Abambo ndi azakhanda amalankhula ndi ana komanso ku Russia, komanso ku Armenia. Mwinanso, chifukwa chake, zilankhulo zidaperekedwa kwa Irina mosavuta. Kusukulu, ndinali wokondwa kuphunzitsa Chijeremani, amakonda Chingerezi. Ndipo mtsikanayo adapatsidwa nyimbo mosavuta, ndipo mwanjira inayake mwanjira yopanda mantha adayamba kulemba ndakatulo.
Mu 1941, banja la Irina lidatengedwa kuti lituluke ku Peza. Nkhondo itatha, Manukov adabwereranso ku Moscow. Kalasi ya omaliza maphunzirowa ikuyandikira, ndipo Irina adayamba kukonzekera kuvomera luso laukadaulo wa MSU, atasintha chisankho cha nthawi yayitali kuti alowe matarmsavsky Abiltural Abillity.
Ku yunivesite, mtsikanayo sanatenge mayeso chifukwa cha mendulo yagolide. Mofananamo, ndi ulemu, ndiulemu, anamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite ndipo analowa sukulu yomaliza maphunziro.
Malembo
Panthawi ya maphunziro ake kusukulu, Irina anali atakwatirana kale ndi aluso lvom tokmakov ndipo adagwira ntchito yowongolera. Kamodzi kuti alendo ochokera ku Sweden adabwera kwa iye m'gululi, kukambirana kunayamba. Mlendowo adadabwa kwambiri kuti Tokmakov amadziwa chilankhulo chake (chilankhulo chachiwiri ku yunivesite), chimakonda ndakatulo Sweden. Atafika kudziko lakwawo, anatumiza nyimbo yodziwika bwino yodziwika ya Sweden. Irina adamasulira ochepa ndipo adayamba kuwerengera mwana wamwamuna.
Banja lidatanthauzira mwachinsinsi za ndakatulo za kufalitsa anawo, ndipo posakhalitsa adasindikizidwa: Mu 1961, buku loyamba la Tokmakova "bie idzatsogolera kuvina". Irina wouziridwa inkasiyidwa ndi mthenga ndipo sanangotanthauzira zowonjezereka, komanso kulemba ndakatulo zawo.
"Nditatero, ndidayamba kulemba ndakatulo, ndidakalise sukulu, koma ndidalemba zokambirana zanga ndikuima," adavomereza.Kuwunika koopsa kwa chikhumbo cha Tokmakova kunapatsa wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka kwambiri Lebedev-Kumach - womwe amakonda Joseph Skalilin ndi anthu onse a Josevi. Kalata yokhala ndi vesi Ira idaperekedwa kudzera mwa mwana wake wamkazi - atsikana amaphunzira mkalasi limodzi. Koma ndakatulo ina yapamwamba - Samueli Marshak, m'malo mwake, adabweranso, adabweranso ku mantha, adauzidwa ndikutsegula tsamba latsopano pamwazi. Wolemba ndakatulo wa ana amawerenga matembenuzidwe a ndakatulo za ana Irina Tokmakova ku Murzilka, wotchedwa ndikuyitanidwa kuti abwere.
"Analankhula ngati kuti akumenya nkhondo ndi ine marshak. Ndinatuluka mwa iye, ndipo ngati ndili mwa ine mkati mwa babubu yowala, "ndinakumbukiranso nthawi imeneyi.Ndipo kenako Samuyeli Yakovleviice adalimbikitsa Irina Tokmakov kupita ku mgwirizano wa olemba. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, buku lake loyamba linali litasindikizidwa kale - mndandanda wa ndakatulo "mitengo", yomwe ikusonyezera mkango Tokmakov. Kenako kunali "nyengo" (1962), "nyenyezi" (1963). Mu 70s, zomwe zimasinthidwa koyamba za ntchito za Irina Tokmakova zimawoneka: zojambulajambula "(pa seweroli" (pa 1974), "Rostik ndi Kesha" (1979).
Wolemba yekha akamadzitcha kuti ndi masewera "ake". " Ngakhale chizindikiro chachikulu cha dzikolo - Red Square - amalemba mosavuta, mokha komanso kuti mukumbukire nthawi yoyamba. Ndipo luso la Irina Petrovna limakonda kugwira ntchito yophunzitsa. Ndi mavesi awa a bastard lero tsiku lino litayika zilembo, akaunti, matchulidwe. Wolemba amangopanga makalata ndi manambala omwe ali odziwika bwino ndi nthano zake ndipo amaloledwa kuchita chidwi ndi chidwi. Chifukwa chake adabadwa wokondedwa ndi ana "Meyi, Zero siingatsutse" (1984), "Alya," Alya, ndi zilembo za "(1968) ndi nkhani zina.
Mu 80s, wolemba amapitapo. Odin pambuyo pa cholembera, ndipo m'mawa wovuta adzabweranso "," abwerera, "mosangalala, iVuskin." Akuluawo akulu amakhala olimba mtima anzeru omwe amayamikirana ndipo amakhulupirira kuti zabwino zimawina zoipa.
Kupereka kwa Irina Petrovna m'mabuku omasulira ndikwabwino. Pankhani yake matembenuzidwe ake monga "Peter Peng" James Barry, "a Alice ku Stare Loll," Ulendo wa Nielma Lagese "Selma Lagese" Selma Lagese. Koma ndi ntchito zamakono zongopeka zokana kugwira ntchito.
"Chiwerengero cha omwe amawerenga (mtundu wake) ndi chachikulu, koma sindimawona phindu kuchokera kungowerenga chabe, koma pamakhala vuto. Amasamala za moyo weniweniwo, "adatero.Poetess ndi Prose Loti kwambiri ku dziko lapansi: Ntchito yogwira ntchito ya mphotho yapadziko lonse lapansi G. H. Anderson, anali membala wa komiti yapadziko lonse ya Book ya Somespal Council (Ibby). Ndipo iyenso adapereka lamulo lolemekeza dzina: wopambana wa mphotho ya boma ya Russia ndi Russian Vesir Wolemba Wotchedwa Alexander Green.
Moyo Wanu
Ndili ndi mkazi wamtsogolo, wojambula wa lvom Alekseevich Tokmakov, wolembayo ali chaka chachitatu cha Fifak. Mnyamatayo kenako anamaliza sukulu ya Strotodoav, kenako nkumanzere ku urals - kukagulitsa. Chifukwa chake banjali lidakwatirana zaka zochepa pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa 50s. Ndipo posakhamwali, mkazi wakhala makolo a mwana wa m'mimba.
Anali Levseevich amene anabwezera mkazi wake kuti akhale ndi luso, ndipo moyo wonse wa mkazi amagwira ntchito mu tandem wogwirizanitsa: Adalemba buku, ndipo adawapatsa mafanizo. Kutembenukira kwa wina ndi mnzake thandizo kapena upangiri womwe unali wamba.
"Anali owerenga woyamba ntchito zanga ndi mkonzi woyamba. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, koma chabwino. Popanda kuyanjidwa naye, palibe chomwe chidasindikizidwa. Aliyense wa ife amalemekezedwa ndi kuyamikira malingaliro a mnzake. Panalibe cholakwa kapena chopepuka. Tinali ndi tandem wosasinthika kwathunthu, tonsefe tinali ndi mwayi kwambiri, "Iris Petrovna idanenanso.Mwana wa ku Tokmakov Tokmakov anapita kumapazi a mayi, atakhala wolemba, wolemba mabuku angapo kwa oyang'anira.
Mu 2010, chaka cha 83 cha moyo, Lev Alekseevich adamwalira. M'chaka chomwecho, Irina Petrovna adataya mwana wake wamwamuna. M'zaka zomaliza za moyo, wolembayo adathandizira mdzukulu wa Lidia.
Imfa
Irina Pettrovna Tokmakova adafa pa Epulo 5, 2018 ndipo adaikidwa pafupi ndi mkazi wake ku manda a ku Armenia.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, wolemba, kuphatikiza matanthauzidwe, agwira ntchito yolojekiti ya ndakatulo ya ana "chisangalalo chilumba" chokhala ndi zithunzi zowala ndi zithunzi. Adalemba kanema wamatonthozi a mzinda wokondedwa, ukalamba ndi nthawi zina zojambula zawo.
M'bali
- 1962 - "nyengo"
- 1962 - "mitengo"
- 1963 - "nyenyezi"
- 1966 - "Pine Piness"
- 1970 - "Nkhani za Sasanchik"
- 1970 - "Zhenka-Controft"
- 1980 - "Kusamba Lachilimwe"
- 1981 - "zitchinga"
- 1984 - "Mwina zero siikuimba mlandu?"
- 1968 - "Alya, kleaxich ndi chilembo cha"
- 1986 - "Ndipo m'mawa wachikondi adzabwera"
- 1991 - "Mwachangu, iVuskin!"
- 2013 - "plm"