Chiphunzitso
Aliyense akudziwa mafanizo a maphwando a Alexander Pushkin ndi nkhani - za Tsar Saltan, chagolide cockerel, msodzi ndi nsomba, Ivan Tsarevich, moto, mbalame ndi imvi nkhandwe. Ntchito zapaderazi zaluso zimayambitsa wojambulajambula ku Ivan Bilibin - wophunzira wa Ilya Repnin, wolemba wamkulu mutu wamutu.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ilya Yakovlevich Bilibin adabadwa mu 4 (16) Ogasiti 1876 m'mudzi wa Tarkovka (tsopano - gawo la serroretsk), pafupi ndi St. Petersburg, monga banja lodziwika bwino. Zoyambirira za kubadwa kwa Bilibins zalembedwa ndi nthawi ya board of Ivan zoyipa.
Abambo Yakovich Ivanovich anali dokotala wankhondo: Anayamba ndi dotolo wa sitimayo, kenako anauka kwa woyang'anira wamkulu wa tawuni ya Chiritali ku tawuni ya Librava. Anatenga nawo gawo mu nkhondo ya ku Russia-Turkey ya 1877-1878. Mayi Varvara Alexandrovna amalumikizidwanso ndi nyanja - iye anali wothandizira injini yankhondo. Ankakonda nyimbo, anali ndi masewerawa bwino bwino, pophunzira pa wolemba wotchuka a Anton grigorievich aruinstein.
Makolopa anapatsa ivan maphunziro abwino. Mu 1888, mnyamatayo adalowa woyamba wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe adamaliza maphunziro a mamembala a siliva.
Bilibin wachichepere wakokedwa kuyambira ndili mwana, ntchito yake idasiyanitsidwa ndi maluso a utoto ndi zenizeni za ziwembu. Koma sanawone za ntchito yolimba mtima. Mu 1895 kokha, pophunzitsa ku yunivesite ya St. Petersburg ya St. Petersburg yotsogozedwa ndi Jurproction, adalowa sukulu yaluso ndi ojambula omwe akuwalimbikitsa kwambiri paukadaulo.
Mwa zaka za wophunzira, Ivan Yavlevich adakoka chidziwitso cha Anton Ashbe ku Munich Asashevskavaya, ndipo atalandira dipuloma yailamulo, kuyambira 1900 mpaka 1904, mu Agerine Armin of Arts.
Mwina anali mafinya omwe amaika zapadera pamwambo wa Bilibin: Kuyesa kumumenya, wojambula wachinyamata nthawi 10 koloko sanatuluke patebulo, pomwe adalandira dzina.
Mu 1898, Ivan Bilibin adagwirizana ndi dziko la zaluso, zomwe poyamba zidamuthandiza kulinganiza ziwonetserozi.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Malinga ndi zikumbutso za nthawi ya a Gregory Klelov, Wopanga mnzake ndi mnzake wapamtima wa Ivan Yavlevich, gawo loti andipatseke pamoyo wa a Bilibina anali ulendo wachilimwe wa 1899 ndi dera la Tande. KLMSOV adalemba:
"Adapanga zojambulajambula ndi zojambulajambula za malo ozungulira a Russia - zikwangwani zazikulu za magulu akale, mitsinje yofiira pamtsinje ndi mitsinje, ndikupita naye ku lingaliro la Russian nthano."Ikani kusindikiza ndi chithunzi cha Viktor Vasneymov "Bogatyryry". Popanda kusiya m'chigawo Tver, Ivan Bilibin analenga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu buku fanizo la "nthano za Ivan Tsarevich, moto, mbalame ndi imvi nkhandwe."
Ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa luso, wojambulayo adagwira ntchito yopanga njira yapadera ya Biliino: woyamba utoto ndi utoto, kenako ndikudzaza ndi madzi am'madzi, osagawana nawo. Kuti muchite izi, adagwiritsa ntchito burashi yolumikizana ndi nsonga yofunika. Pankhaniyi, wojambulayo adakhulupirira kuti zonena zaudindo zimapezeka mokwanira kuposa masentimita asanu patsiku.
Adapangidwa kuti akhale ndi nthano zitatu za zojambula - "pa Ivan Tsarevich ...", "Tsarevna-achule" ndi "Vasilisa wokongola" - Ichirgrator yoyambira idabweretsa kuwuluka kwa mapepala a State. Adapanga funyani weniweni, ndipo Bilibina adadzipereka kuti agule ufuluwo. Chifukwa chake, a bilibinsky adadziwika kwambiri.
Zaka zotsatila, chithunzichi chinali kupanga nthano "Vasilisa wokongola", ndikupanga chithunzi cha Baba Yaga, yemwe mpaka pano akukongoletsa "Mary A Molreshna", "Mlongo Alrushna", "Mlongo Alrushna" Ndipo M'bale Ivanushka "," Tale za TSAR Dantan ", ndakatulo ya Sadko.
Kudzozedwera ndi chithunzi cha Vasnetsov " Adadziyeseranso ngati wopanga makhadi achikondwerero (tsiku la mngelo ndi Khrisimasi) a pr, kujambula mowa "watsopano Baavaria".
Pa kusintha kwa 1905, boma lakanthawi lidapempha Ivan Yavovlevich ndi pempho loti lipange malaya a manja. Chiwombankhanga chamutu chotchuka kwambiri cha nthenga chimawoneka kuchokera ku nthenga za mbuyeyo, lomwe linali chizindikiro cha Russia mu 1917-1918. Ndipo ngakhale fanolo lokhutitsidwa, mwa anthu a chiwombankhanga amatcha "nkhuku yolimba mtima", chifukwa m'mbale mu mbalameyi ilibe ndodo kapena mphamvu.
Mu 1907, Bibibin anabwerera ku chipembedzo chokweza akatswiri ojambula, nthawi ino ngati mphunzitsi. Kwa zaka 10 adaphunzitsa luso la zojambulajambula. Pakati pa ophunzira ake anali Georgy Narchat, Konstantin Eliseev, Nikolai Kuzmin ndi Mbali Wake wamtsogolo Traneoll Rene O'nnell.
Mu 1908-1911, Ivan Yavlevich adapanga zojambulajambula ndi malo a Opera Nimolai Rimsky-Korilan Cockelor, zokolola za Steofi, ndikubwezera kwa sewero de Vegi "fuente uvun"
Mu 1917, nthawi zovuta zinayamba ku Russia. Atathawa unyinji wosweka, Bilibin anayenda ku Africa ndi ku Africa East: amakhala ku Egypt, kenako ku Cairo, Syria ndi Palestine. Mu Ogasiti 1925 anasamukira ku Paris ndipo nthawi yomweyo anabweranso kwa wopanga. Bilibin adapanga malo okongola a Ballet Igor Crovinskyky "Mbalame yamoto", zojambula zojambulidwa chifukwa cha nthano za abale, zikwizikwi komanso usiku umodzi. "
Kuyambira nthawi ndi nthawi Ivan Yavlevich adatulutsa "kwa moyo": "ku Egypt", zojambula zaukadaulo ", zojambula zaukadaulo (" Mbalame anterosti "ndi" Paradisero Srisin ").
Mu 1936, mzimu wa wojambulayo umadulidwa kuti abwerere kwawo. Kukhazikika ku Leingrad, adagwira ntchito, mpaka adabwera. Bilibin adasiya kuchotsa ndipo adakhalabe mumzinda wosungidwa ndi Ajeremani. Ntchito yomaliza inali zojambulajambula za "Duk Steanovich" mu 1941.
Moyo Wanu
Ivan Bilibin anali atakwatirana katatu. Aliyense wa mnzanuyo anali wolenga, ndipo wojambula aliyense amakwaniritsidwa mu gulu lachifumu lolimbikitsa ojambula.
Mkazi woyamba anali mayi wa Chingerezi wokhala ndi mizu ya Irory Maria Chease. Mu 1902, banjali lidaphatikizidwa ndi banja, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi, mwana wamwamuna woyamba Alexandr adawonekera. Mu 1908, Ivan anabadwa. Banja lachisangalalo la bilibin linali litatsala zaka khumi, ndipo mu 1911 Maria, sanapirire chidakwa cha mwamuna wake, cholembedwa kuti chisudzudwe. Mu 1914, adapita ku England, akutenga ana.
Kachiwiri Ivan Yavlevich adakwatirana ku England Lean O'nnell. Ukwati wawo unatenga zaka zisanu, kuyambira 1912 mpaka 1917. Ana analibe.
Mkazi wachitatu ndi womaliza wa Bilibuna anakhala Alexander Shchchatikhlin, yemwe anali ndi mwana wa Mstislav kuyambira pa banja loyamba. Moyo wawo unali wolemera: Egypt, Palestina, Cairo, France, adayendera onse pamodzi, limodzi adabwerera ku Leningrad. Mu 1942, Alexandra Ovdovel. Anapulumuka mwamuna wake zaka 25, ndipo sanakwatirane kachitatu.
Ivan Bilibin anali wamasamu, adalowa pabedi la Russia "kumpoto kwa nyenyezi" ku Paris. Pambuyo pake, adalenga anthu "ku Russia Freesia" ndipo mu 1932 anali m'chipinda chake chowopsa.
Imfa
Kubwerera ku Leningrad mu 1936, Bilibin, limodzi ndi mkazi wake ndi mwana wake wamwamuna, atakhala ndi nyumba 25 pamsewu. Gularive (tsopano - ul. Liza chaykina). M'nyumba muli mabotolo awiri achikumbutso (kuweruza ndi chithunzi, mangirani mozungulira, ngakhale amatsutsana). Imodzi:
"Kuyambira mu 1937 mpaka 1942, wojambula wa zisudzo ndi mabuku Ivan Yavovlevich Bilibin amakhala ndikugwira ntchito.Ena:
"M'nyumba muno, akatswiri akuluakulu aku Russia a Bilibin Ivan Yavovlevich amakhala mnyumba iyi (1876-1942) ndi Shchchatikhina-Poto Posander Vasasalyevna (1892-1967)."
Liti, chifukwa cha bomba la Fay Bobling, nyumbayo idakhala yosayenera kuti ikhale ndi moyo, nyumbayo idakhala yosayenera kuti ikhale ndi moyo, a Ivan Bilibin adasamukira ku chipinda chapansi cha akatswiri ojambula, yemwe anali kunyumba yachiwiri kwa iye. Pa February 7, 1942, adapita naye kuchipatala mothandizidwa ndi chipembedzo cha Arts, komwe adamwalira posachedwa ku Frostbite ndi njala.
Ipilorator idapeza mtendere wotsiriza mu manda a aphunzitsi a aluso omwe ali pafupi ndi masamba a scholensk.
Nchito
Mafanizo a nthano zachabe:
- 1899-1901 - "Tsarevna-chule"
- 1899 - "nthano ya Ivan Tsarevich, Moto-mbalame ndi imvi"
- 1899-1900 - "Vasilisa wokongola"
- 1901 - Mlongo Alyonushka ndi Brantz Ivanushka "
- 1902 - "bakha loyera"
- 1905 - "Nkhani ya Tsar Danin"
- 1906 - "Nkhani ya Goldel Cockel"
Zojambula za zovala ndi malo opangira magwiridwe:
- 1908 - "Zochita pa Teofil"
- 1908 - "Kusodza Asodzi ndi nsomba"
- 1908-1909 - golide Cockel
- 1908 - "ulemu ndi kubwezera"
- 1914 - Sadko
- 1930 - "Boris Ilurunov"
- 1937 - "nthano ya Tsar Danin"