Chiphunzitso
Gustave Kaurbe, wojambula waku France wa zaka za XIX, adadziwika kuti chifukwa cha chithunzi chokwanira cha chikhalidwe chamaliseche. Chilema chake chingasokonezeke ndi omvera chifukwa cha mawu achangu. Wolemba Alexander Duma (mwana), katulo kamodzi anawona chithunzi chakuti "Kugona", kumatchedwa kourb "ndi wojambulayo." Mpaka pano, ntchito "yochokera" padziko lapansi "imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri ndikukambirana.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Jean dezer Pustave Kaurbbe adabadwa pa mzinda wa ku Swine, kukhala kutali ndi malire a ku Switzer ku Swickle, mu banja la minda yamphesa ya rasis Kuula. Kuyambira achinyamatawa, Gustive adawonetsa mawonekedwe: Mu 1831, mnyamatayo adaperekedwa kuti akaphunzire ku seminare, ndipo ovomereza, akumvera ulaliki wake, anakana kuyanjana ndi machimo. Wina ndi mnzake, nthumwi za mpingo zinachoka kwa chaka cha Mfalari wazaka 12 monga Mdyerekezi.
Kutalika kwanyanja, kufuna kuthandizira mbiri ya wophwanya malamulo akhalidwe, komwe kumatsogolera - kusiya kutembenuzidwa ndi milandu yachisoni. Kuphunzitsa mu seminare sikunapatse zipatso, ndipo mu 1837 Gustani akukakamira bambowo adalowa ku Royal College ku BeanSron ku maphunziro a Jurseration.
Nthawi yomweyo, mnyamatayo adakondwera napa, adalowa m'malo mwa Neoclascism Charles-Antoine Flagus. Kuchita zinthu kunakopa anthu ku Franman kuposa mboni. Karba analemba:
Ku koleji, ndinaphunzira kunyoza chiphunzitsocho. Ndinaphunzira chilichonse chomwe chinali chofunikira, ndipo ndinaganiza zokhala ndi zinthu zosafunikira. "Mu 1839, mnyamatayo adapita ku Paris, kuwadziwitsa Atate amene amapita kukaphunzira bwino. Mu likulu la France, adakumana ndi Bonencous Bonen, mtsogolo mwakuna waukulu. Anaonetsa kourba.
Maganizo apadera pa utoto wa French wopangidwa ndi a Spekiards a Runch: Bartoloma Murillo, Francisco de amarbaran, Diego Vlasquaza. Pambuyo pake, kukhala wojambula, mafinya adagwiritsa ntchito njira yawo kuti apange zojambula zowala ndi matani amdima.
Louvre zotsogola pamapeto pake zimatsimikizira wachinyamata posankha utoto ngati ntchito yayikulu. Analowa mu msonkhano wa Chiromanichi wa Charles de Shtaben, anasamukira ku Switzerland ndipo anapitiliza maphunziro ake. Mwina pano amayamba mbiri yajambulidwe lajambula.
Chilengedwa
Zokambirana za Switzerland sizinapatse mawonekedwe ndikukhala ndi moyo - chinthu cha chithunzicho chinali chinsalu cha munthu, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chamaliseche. Mwina chifukwa cholephera kugwira ntchito ndi zinthu zina za kourze, kukwera cholengedwa kuchokera pazokha zomwe zidayambira.
Mu 1841, "kudziyimira nokha ndi galu wakuda" kunalembedwa. Kukongoletsa "kunali khomo lolowera ku Rotur Selziir-Phngelo. Mawondo a Gustava wazaka 22 ali ndi khola lakuda, lomwe chaka chotsatira, wojambulayo adalemba kwa makolo:
"Ndili ndi galu wokongola, chingerezi chosasinthika Spaniel, iye anandipatsa aliyense wa abwenzi ake; Aliyense ali wakhama, ndipo m'nyumba mumakondwera ndi iye kuposa ine. "Mu 1844, "kudziyimira nokha ndi galu wakuda" adakhazikitsidwa ku Paris Slon - chiwonetsero chodabwitsa cha France. Pambuyo pake, makumi asanu ndi amodzi omwe adadzipanga adalemba kuti: "Mwamuna wokhala ndi chubu", "munthu wokhala ndi lamba wachikopa", "Moni, Mr. Kishard!", Kukhumudwa.
M'chaka chomwecho, Güttbi Kauro adapita ulendo wopita ku Belgium ndi Netherlands, komwe adakumana ndi wogulitsa zojambula. Chifukwa cha izi, ojambula 7 amagwira ntchito yojambulidwa ku Villem Mesca - woyambitsa sukulu yaugalu ya utoto, wotsogolera ku Netherlands. Chifukwa chake moubre idadziwika kunja kwa France.
Pambuyo pa kupambana kwa "Autoportortist yokhala ndi galu wakuda", salon salon adakana wojambula pachiwonetserochi - Heiday ya kalembedwe ka maphunziro. "Ayi" adamva zojambulajambula zina: Eugene Delacruix, nyumba za Ontoor, Theodore Rousseau, Antoine Louis Bari. Onsewa adakonzekera kupanga malo aluso, omwe motsimikiza sakanapereka njira ya paris, koma malingaliro akuphwanya njira ya 1848.
Pambuyo pa chisinthiko, chithunzi cha curb chomwe chili ndi chizolowezi chokhazikika chidawonekera ku Paris Slon. Mu 1849, "masana ku Ornan" adagulidwa ndi boma la France, ndipo ojambulawo adalandira mendulo yayikulu ya Sulon. Mphothoyo idalola GustavU kuti iwonetsere popanda chilolezo.
Mu 1853, Kryba adapanga ndikupereka chithunzi cha "kusambira" kukhothi. Pakatikati pa canvas akuwonetsa mayi wokwanira kumbuyo. Mosiyana ndi nthumwi za nthawi ya Renaissance Era, mayiyu mu mikhalidwe yamakono inali yopanda pake, yowuma. Chitsutsano china kananena kuti pamaso pa thupi lotere, "ngakhale ng'ona likadatha kudya."
Wopezeka pacithunzi-pindulika. Chifukwa chake, komwe kuchitira ngwazi kunakumbutsa kaimidwe ka Mary Magdalene ndi Yesu Kristu kochokera ku Pulogalamu ya Evangelical "Osandigwira" (chithunzi cha Antonio ndi Corredggio "). Wowonerayo sanakonzekere kuti asakonzekere chithunzi chotere, ndipo Napoleon III, poona chithunzichi, cholemetsa ndi chikwapu chake. Gustave Kirba, yemwe anali kuyembekezera kukoma kwa anthu wamba, kusinthidwa kokha:
"Ndinalira dziko lonse lapansi."Kutsutsidwa kosasunthika sikunaliro, ndipo anapitilizabe kukopeka ndi makhalidwe. Nthawi zina limakhala ndikubwera ndi amayi kuchokera pazithunzi za wojambula wa ku France Vall de Vipanev, chifukwa chake ntchito za nyumba idakhala ngati zithunzi zowona, osatinso zojambulajambula.
Mu 1866, Gustina kuurze adalemba zojambula ziwiri zoyaka nthawi imodzi, "adayamba kuwonetsedwa koyamba mu zaka za XX. Bungwe logona, lomwe linakhala laofesi pagulu mu 1872, linadzetsa chimphepo china chokwiyitsidwa.
Atsikana awiri ogona maliseche akuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi, mwina pambuyo pogonana - zokongoletsera zoyamwa, zokutira. Kumanyazi kwa chinsalu kunakhala chifukwa chofufuza za apolisi mu 1872. Kwa zaka zopitilira zana, mpaka 1988, ntchitoyi idasungidwa m'zigawo zaboma zoletsedwa.
"Ndi Monster Bwanji ... Kodi uwu ungachitike? Pansi pa chipewa, pamunsi ya kaluya kakang'ono katatu, yothiridwa ndi chisakanizo cha vinyo, mowa, uve, uwu wofiirira, ndiye wojambula, ndiye wojambulayo, ndiye wojambula bwino Ndipo wopanda mphamvu, "Alexander Duma (Mwana) adalembedwa mu kalata yopita ku mchenga wa Georgess, kuwona" kugona ".Mwamwayi, Duma Jr. Sanapeze chithunzi chofatsa cha "chiyambi cha dziko lapansi", koma lidakhala kiyi yothetsera chinsinsi cha zaluso za zaluso - Ndani ndi simulanto. Pa Canvas, adalemba kuti awoneke sheikh Kalil Sherift Pashaha, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mkazi wokhala ndi chiuno: kenako - m'mimba ndi mabere am'mimba.
Malinga ndi mtundu wamba, a KryA adatumiza Ireland Joanna Hiffefen - mmodzi wa "kugona", wokonda zaluso wa James Hipseller.
Mu 2013, munthu wapamtolo wachinsinsi adawonetsa kuti wapezeka "womwe unapezeka." Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa mutu wa msungwanayo, akuti rounes of the Cancary Way. Mwa mtsikanayo, wolemba mbiri wakale a Jean-Jacquies Fzungu adazindikira kuti Hiffernan adazindikira.
Ogwira ntchito za Museum ya Orsay, komwe dziko loyambirira "lomwe lili tsopano likaonekera, chiphunzitsochi chidatsutsidwa. Mu 2018, wolemba mbiri yakale a Claup Shupser adalemba m'makalata a Alexander Duma (mwana) ku Georgesm Shown:
"Sizotheka kufotokozera za burashi zokongola kwambiri komanso zolondola zolondola a nutro wapanga Kenya kuchokera ku Opera."Mwinanso, zinali za gulu lodziwika bwino Kenya, lomwe panthawi yolemba "dziko la dziko lapansi linali loyambitsa Sheikh khalil Sheril Sheril Sheril Sheril Sheril Sheril Moriyal Pasha. Olemba mbiri amakono amalingalira za fanizoli lomwe limakhulupirira kwambiri.
"Anayambira Padziko Lonse" ndiye chithunzi chowopsa chopereka kwa gurus kour. Wolemba mu 1866, adapulumuka nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, ndipo mu 1955 adapezeka ndi psyqualyst Jacques Lakan Lakan. Ntchitoyi idasungidwa chinsinsi kuti isamveretse maso mwamphamvu, idakhala ngati kudzoza polemba "mfundo zinayi zoyambirira za psychoanalysis."
Pambuyo paimfa ya Lakan, pentiyo idasamutsidwira kwa ounitsani Museum yolipira msonkho. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, "komwe dziko la dziko lapansi" limawonetsedwa m'mbuyo galasi la chipolopolo, ndipo mlonda ali pa wotchi yozungulira, kuti aletse mwachangu za Auditor.
Moyo Wanu
Za moyo wa Hustava Korba amadziwika pang'ono. Amanenedwa kuti wojambulayo anali kuponyera mafano omwe ali ndi zopindika, kuphatikiza Joann Hifferman ndi ku Kenya. Koma mmodzi wa iwo, Vineginia Bina, anasangalala ndi ku Kourbe kwa zaka 10.
Okwatiranawo adakumana ku Paris kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1840s. Mu 1847, anali ndi mwana wamwamuna yemwe anali ndi moyo zaka 25. Mu 1850s, okonda amafalitsa zabwino, amaganiza chifukwa Gustaku Wotopetsa wa msungwana yekhayo. Virginia anamusiyira mwana kwa iye.
Imfa
Mu 1871, a KryA adathandizira paris dis. Anaikidwa ndi Comissiers ya chikhalidwe, omwe ntchito zawo zinali kuteteza ntchito zaluso paris paris. Pogwiritsa ntchito mwayi wogwira ntchito, wojambulayo akufuna kugwetsa mzati wa pandom, womwe akuti adatulutsa "chithunzithunzi cha kuyendetsa magazi m'munda wamtendere."
Pa chipilala cha amayi a Malamulo a May
"Chipilala ... ndi chipilala cha kulibe mphamvu, chizindikiro cha mphamvu zolimba ndi ulemerero, kunyoza malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, kuyesa kosalekeza ndi imodzi mwa Mfundo zitatu zazikulu za Republic - Abale ... ".Pa Meyi 18, 1871, mzatiyo unkagwetsedwa, ndipo patatha masiku 10 wolabadira anagwa. Otsatira kapena kuphedwa, kapena kumangidwa. Nthawi yoyamba ya pa Naval idatha kupewa kulanga. Pa Meyi 30, apolisi anafufuza zokambirana, nsalu zonyamula anthu 106 zilanda. Juni 7 Gustava atagwidwa. Kuti agwedezero a Vandin, adaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komanso ojambulawo amayenera kulipirira ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobwezeretsa chipilalachi.
Matembe adagawa zojambula, koma ndalama za ndalamazo sizinakwaniritse. Posafuna kusakazidwa chifukwa cha zolipira zapachaka zomwe zimachitika pachaka 10,000, Julayi 23, 1873, wojambulayo adapulumuka ku Switzerland.
Kusokonekera Kwathanzi, ndiye kuti zotupa zomwe zimachitika ndi antchito amadzi tatembenuza zaka zomaliza za moyo wa ku Berba kumoto. Imfa idamupeza tsiku mpaka 1878, Disembala 31, 1877.
Nchito
- 1841 - "Kudziyimira nokha ndi galu wakuda"
- 1845 - "Kukhumudwa"
- 1849 - "Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro ku Ornan"
- 1853 - "Ma Buckles"
- 1853 - "Viesels"
- 1854 - "Moni, Mr. Koubbb!"
- 1855 - "Zolemba Zojambula"
- 1861 - "Mkazi wa Masheya Oyera"
- 1866 - "Kugona"
- 1866 - "Kuchokera kwa World"
- 1870 - "Fund"