Chiphunzitso
George Tovstonogov - Director ndi Mphunzitsi, Mlengi wa mabuku otsogolera wotsogolera. Ndi dzina lake, nthawi yonse imagwiridwanso m'moyo wa Soviet zisudzo. Georgy Alexandrovich Tovstonogov adabadwa pa Seputembara 28, 1915 mu mzinda waku Georgia wa Chifilisi, womwe tsopano watchedwa Tbilisi.
Abambo ake, mainjiniya apanja, anali mu nkhani yabwino mu utumiki waku Georgia wothamanga ndi mauthenga. Amayi a Tamara Poditashii adamaliza maphunziro awo ku St. Petersburg Conservatory ndi dipuloma ya Vocaya. Mlongo wachichepere, wa Natel Tovstonogov, kukhala mkazi wa ochita sewero la Evgenal Lebedev, womangika moyo ndi aluso ndi anthu olenga.
A Georgy adapita kusukulu asanakwanitse ndipo adamaliza maphunziro ali ndi zaka 15. M'zaka zonsezi, wachinyamatayo sanasunge zisudzo. Amalume amagwira ntchito ngati wojambula wa kusekondawu ndipo adamutsogolera kuti awone zizolowezi. Abambo, ndikuwona chidwi cha Mwana, ndikukakamizidwa posankha moyo wina. Malinga ndi iye, komanso mothandizidwa ndi a George Tovstonogov, adakhala wophunzira wa Tbilisii Sursewate.
Mwana sakanakhoza kukatsutsana ndi chibadwa m'malo mwa kholo lake. Ndinkaphunzira chaka cha 1931 adachoka ku yunivesite, kukhala woyang'anira wa ku Actor ndi wothandizira Nikovlevich Marshak. MOVSTOGOV yomwe ingawonekere kuti mu 1933 Marshak adamupatsa ntchito yodziyimira pawokha. Magwiridwe antchito a Anton Pavlovich ChekhV amatchedwa "Opatulidwa" ndipo adachita bwino mumzinda.
Zabwino zonse zabwino zidaulimbikitsa director. Mu 1933, Tovstogov adalowa Gitis. Anali mwana kwambiri kusankha mpikisano, motero m'malembawo adachuluka zaka ziwiri. Aphunzitsi a ophunzira anali wotsogolera Andrei Mikhailovich Lobanov ndi Alexey Dmitrievich popu.
Mofananamo ndi kuphunzira, Tovstogov anapitilizabe kugwira ntchito yolandidwa. Sewero loyambirira lidatsatiridwa ndi "ukwati", "kabatizi", "buluu ndi pinki", "Big Hava", "Trojan Hatchi" ndi zina zopanga ".
1937 anaphwanya maloto onse a wachinyamata: bambowo anaponderezedwa. George amangokhala mwana wa mdani wa anthu. Zinali zotheka kuiwala kupeza maphunziro ku Metropolitan Institute: idathamangitsidwa kuchokera chaka cha 4 cha Gitis. Tovstonogov adakakamira pa mwayi uliwonse wobwerera, ndipo sizinachitike. Mawu achilendo a "mwana wamwamuna wa" Mwana wa "Abambo a Joseph Stalin sayankha" kuloledwa kuchira pamaphunzirowa komanso mwanzeru kumaliza maphunziro mu 1938.
Fiyeta
Tovstonogov adayitanidwa ku post of Director kupita ku Tbilisi Drama Shareman pambuyo pa A. S. Gliloweedov. Kumeneko adawafotokozera zojambula za anthu ku Ussr Akakius Hoorava. Chifukwa cha woyang'anira Georgy, Alexandrovich adakhala mphunzitsi wa gulu lochita ku AIPATHE Institute. ShotacalI. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, Tovstonogav adayamba kuzindikira bwino ngati mkulu waluso.
Gawo loyamba mu bwalo la Tbilisi seatre linali kusewera "Ana Vanyushina". Mpaka mu 1946, Georgy Alexandrovich adagwira ntchito yakunyumba kwawo, ndikumasulira magwiridwe ake "Kremlin Quarti", "sukulu yodutsa m'tauni yathu", "Ofesi Yopita", "Osanteliles".
Kenako adayitanidwa ku Moscow. Kuyambira mu 1946 mpaka 1949, adatsogolera zofufuza zenizeni komanso za ana apakati. Mchipindacho adatenga zokonda kuchita "kwinakwake ku Siberia" ndi "Chinsinsi cha Usiku Wamuyaya." Tovstonogov adakwanitsa kuphatikiza ntchito zokakamiza m'masewera awa polunjika pama studio ya zisudzo ya attatta ndi kasupe wa zisudzo ku Altaty.
Mu 1949, wotsogolera adalandira nthawi yatsopano komanso Leningrad adasandulika kunja kwa iye. Monga wamkulu wamkulu wa zisudzo. Lenin komesomol adakhala nthawi kuyambira 1950 mpaka 1956. Izi zakhala nyumba ya iye.
Mu 1956, pa tsiku la tsiku la 37, holuki idapereka mtsogoleri watsopano. Adapeza Yekha muakaunti. Zisudzo Leninsky Komesolol nthawi imeneyo inali itachepa ndipo pakati pa malo ena a Leningrad anali atakhala ndi maudindo. Panalibe malingaliro pomanga reyrtoire, otsogolera sanagwire ntchito mokwanira ndi ochita sewerolo, wowonera muholoyo adapezeka mwachisawawa.
Komabe, nsomba zauna zimasonkhanitsa nyenyezi. Ojambula monga Elena granovskaya, Olga Casico, Syaly Sofrorov, Vitaly Pofikico, anali kuyembekezera munthu yemwe angayang'anire zisudzo mu njira ina.
Zosintha zomwe Master anali karrinal. Wotsogolera wasinthanso hotolo, ndikusiya ojambula 30. Dera lake lalikulu linali master ndi achinyamata. Cholinga chachikulu chinali kubwerera kwa wowonera wakale ndi kuyitanidwa kwa watsopano. Premieres atatu adapangidwa kuti achite izi: "Wachitatu", "nyenyezi yosatchulidwa" komanso "pamene Bocia Maluwa". Komaliza mumzinda udakhala omvera m'matawuni.
Woyang'anira aypical, nyama zosangalatsa, ntchito ya akatswiri okhala ndi malo ndi wowonera adadzipanga yekha. Maonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso okondweretsa amapatsa chidwi ndi chiwindi. Kwazikulu za zisudzo zidadzala ndi anthu. Kusewera kwina pakupanga Tovstonogov kunakhala "nkhandwe ndi mphesa". Anatuluka miyezi itatu ndikutsegula mapulogalamu angapo omwe apanga nthawi yatsopano, yapano komanso yosiyanitsa.
George Torstson adadziwika kuti ndi wotsogolera ndi mphunzitsi. Kugwira ntchito mosamala ndi ochita sewerowo, adawatsogolera, kuthandizanso kudzikwapula ndikudzitukumula. Wopangayo adakwanitsa kukambirana ndi owonera. Anakonza njirazi, luso la maluso ndi zotuluka.
Wotsogolera ankakhala pompano, amasinthana ndi kukonzanso kuposa ulemu kwa ogwira nawo ntchito, gulu la anthu ambiri ndipo anthu adapambana. Theatre ija yapeza mtsogoleri wolimba mtima ndipo adapanga mutu wa imodzi yabwino kwambiri mumzinda.
Kukonda kwa akatswiri ojambula ndi mawonekedwe ake omwewo kunatsimikizira kuti njira ya tovstonogov ndiyothandiza kwambiri. Petersbursers ndi alendo amabwera amakaona kuti ndi ntchito yawo yopita ku Premieres a Cent. Kwa zaka 33, Georgy Alexandrovich adatumikira monga wotsogolera wa zisudzo, yemwe dzina lake lidamveka mdziko muno.
Pa ntchito yake, adalandira mwayi wa Stalin ndi Lenin. Analogi sanakhalepo pazomwe zimachitika kwa Tovstonogov, ndipo woyang'anira anaphunzira kwa Mbuyeyo, akutengera mawonekedwe a ma center. Woyang'anira adathandizira chowotcha osewera a Alexander Rosodin ndi Viktor pinki.
Zochita za Tovstonogav adayenda ku Russia, Poland, Finland, Bulgaria ndi Germany. Adatulutsa TelePopstasovka ndikugwira ntchito pa wailesi. Kuyambira mu 1957, anali m'gulu la magazini "la magazini" komanso kuyambira 1964 anali tcheyamani wa rivanium wa onse, Russian Aatre Society.
Mu 1958, George Torvstonov anayamba kuphunzitsa m'mawu amkaka, ndipo mu 1968 adalandira mbiri ya dokotala wa mbiri yakale. Kuyambira m'ma 1970s anali kupita ku dipatimenti ya woyang'anira ku Institute. Zochita zake zokhala ndi ophunzira zimadziwika kwambiri ku Leingrad ndi mizinda ina.
Moyo Wanu
Bizinesi ya Georgy Tovstogov imagwirizana kwambiri ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito. Moyo wake umakhala wodzaza ndi zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi ntchitoyo. Wotsogolera adagwa mchikondi, kumvera ena chisoni, koma kuti apangitse banja lenileni, nthawi zonse ankadikirira mayi woyenera yemwe akanapanga malo ndikupanga mawonekedwe a mnyumba ya makolo ake.
Tovstonogov amakhulupirira kuti satellite wa moyo uyenera kukhala munthu wolenga. Mkazi wake woyamba adakhala wochita selome Kancheli. Ukwati unachitika mu 1943, ndipo patatha zaka 2, omwe angosudzulidwa kumene. Ana okondedwa, ana a Nikolai ndi Alesandro adawonekera muukwati.
Mu 1958, Tovstogov adakwatirana kachiwiri. Zosankhazo zidakhala zoyeserera ku ATNA Kondratieva. Koma patatha zaka 4 ndipo mgwirizano wawo unayamba.
Ana a wotsogolera ndi mdzukulu amapita kumapazi a wachibale wamkulu. Anachita chidwi ndi wotsogolera. Anawo anali ndi machitidwe awo, ndipo Georgy Tovstoga a Jr. Makamaka anasankha njirayo, omwe anasankha agogo ake. Mu 2012, mdzukulu wa mdzukulu wa mdzukulu wake adasweka.
Imfa
Tovstonogov adalowera zisudzo zomwe amakonda mpaka masiku otsiriza a moyo, osasowa magwiridwe antchito ndi kusinthana pafupipafupi, nthawi zonse kumayambitsa kukambirana ndi anzanga. Pa Meyi 23, 1989, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi seweroli zidakonzedwa. Mwa kugwirizanitsa tsikulo, mkuluyo adakhala mgalimoto kuti apite kwawo, koma sanafike komwe akupita.
Choyambitsa kufa kwa mkulu wayimilira. Kwa Petersburg, zidakhala tsoka. Panalibe munthu yemwe adadzoza mibadwo ingapo. George Torstonogov adayikidwa pamanda a Tikhvinsky a Alexander Nevsky Lavra, mu Necropoli wa abwana aluso. Chipilala chopanga kupachikidwa pamtanda chimakhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa maliro.
Wotsogolera akamwalira atawatsogolera. Leninsky Komsomol Applephale mutu watsopano: Great Srama Aatter atatchulidwa pambuyo pa Gearge Alexandrovich Tovstonogov. Photo Director ndipo lero kukongoletsa nyumba yachifumu ndi ma holo a nyumbayo. Ophunzira ndi otsatirawo nthawi zambiri amagawidwa mafunso amakumbukira ntchito ndi malangizo a zochitikazo.
Cholowa cholenga cha Tovstonogov ndi mabuku: "Amasiyanitsa amakono amakono amakono. Zokambirana za wotsogolera "," pa ntchito ya wotsogolera "," zozungulira za malingaliro "," zowoneka bwino komanso zamakono "," galasi lowoneka bwino ".
Pokumbukira kuti Georgia, makanema olemba "amakhala, ndikuganiza, amaganiza, chikondi ...", "nthano" za Gogh ", zoyang'aniridwa" adachotsedwa.
Makonzedwe
- 1955 - "Tsoka Lokhala Ndi Moyo"
- 1959 - "Varvara"
- 1959 - "Madzulo Asanu"
- 1962 - "Tsoka kuchokera pa wit"
- 1965 - "Alongo Atatu"
- 1966 - "Moisan"
- 1969 - "King Heinrich IV"
- 1972 - "Auditor"
- 1972 - "Hanuma"
- 1974 - "Chikwama Chachitatu"
- 1975 - "Mahatchi Aava"
- 1983 - Imfa ya Tarelkin "
- 1985 - "Pamasamba onse ophweka"
- 1987 - "Pansi"