Chiphunzitso
Ilya Mesnikov ndi wasayansi wapadera yemwe dzina lake limalembedwa ndi zilembo zagolide m'mbiri ya mabala angapo kuchokera ku Cytogy. Katswiri wambiri, "abambo" a Faigocytic of Surnicity, kuposa zibwenzi ndi sayansi yonse, kunena: ngati sichoncho"Kukhala ndi moyo popanda chikhulupiriro, izi sizingakhale zosiyana, monga chikhulupiriro chokhudza chidziwitso cha chidziwitso."Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ilya Inzich adabadwa pa Meyi 15, 1845 m'mudzi wa Ivanovka Kharkiv Develonce (tsopano - Ukraine) m'banjamo m'banjamo. Abambo ilya Ivanovich ndi eni malo, Woyang'anira alondawo adachokera kwa wamkulu wamkulu. Pakati pa makolo ake, kazembe wodziwika bwino wa XVII, Polyglot, yemwe amatenga nawo mbali mu Azovm Campegn ya Peter ya Nikov ya Nikolai Gavririovich.
Amayi - Emilia Lvovna, ku Maiden Nevaphphovich. Mwana wamkazi wa munthu wolemera kwambiri wa Poland, woyambitsa wachuma komanso woyambitsa mabuku a ku Russia "Lev NikolayEvich Nevaphhovich. Amalume adawerengera wofalitsa wa "Eshlash" komanso mutu wa ma recheta ogulitsa mabwato amfumu.
Abambo anali ophweka komanso anali wosavuta kuuka, motero pofika nthawi yobadwa ya mwana wamwamuna wotsiriza, wopatsa mkazi wachuma anali akamachitika kale, ndipo banjali linasamukira ku banja ku Ivanovka. Akuluakulu Abale Mesnikov pambuyo pake pambuyo pake adadziwikanso. Mkango unatembenukira ku Switwer Geographher, anakopa komanso wofalitsa nkhani, gulu lakale la ku Italiya la risorgeneti, ndipo mitsinje yakale komanso yodziwika bwino kwambiri ya James, Ulysses ".
Pa zojambula za Mbale Ivana, mathero ake anali mathero ake. Wozenga mlandu wa Tula Khothi lachigawo ladwala kwambiri matenda otupitsitsa, omwe adatsogolera kumwalira. Masiku otsiriza ndi malingaliro a munthuyu adapanga maziko a chitsogozo cha Leo Tolstoy "Imfa ya Ivan Ilyich." Kuyendera wolemba mmalo, wozenga mlandu adagawana malingaliro ake, omwe Tolstoye adamuzindikira kuti ali ndi wapadera, ndikupanga chithunzi. Pambuyo pake, malupanga a sayansi adzanena kuti maliseche a mabuku aku Russia adapereka "malongosoledwe abwino" pa mantha a imfa.
Banja Meor ku Ivanovka adapita nawo pa aphunzitsi apanyumba. Pakati pawo, wophunzira wachipatala amene amaphunzitsa m'bale wa mkango, yemwe anali ndi chidwi ndi chidwi ndi achangu a sayansi yachilengedwe, akukoka kuyesa, kuyesa.
Mu 1856 adalowa kalasi yachiwiri ya Kharkiv wamwamuna wokongola. Anamaliza maphunziro awo kuchokera ku bungwe lomwe lili ndi mendulo yagolide. Nthawi yonse yokhudza chidwi pa biology sanataye. M'malo mwake, mokhulupirika amayendera zofananiza pamakanema komanso phsunge mu yunivesite ya Kharkov.
Kukonzekera Dziko Latsopano, Ilya akufunsa makolowo kuti amutumizire kukaphunzira ku Germany, koma kulandira ndalama zozizira komanso kusowa kwa ndalama zimabwezeretsa. Chiyembekezo chachikulu cha "babble" iyi chinali ntchito ya Charles Darwin "mitundu ya mitundu", omwe ndimawathandiza kwambiri pa wasayansi wamtsogolo.
Adalowa kunthambi yachilengedwe yamisala yakuthupi komanso masamu ya yunivesite ya Kharkov. Pulogalamu yophunzirayo si ya zaka 4, ndipo kwa 2, zomwe zidapatsa mwana wachinyamata wachinyamata pa anzawo. Pambuyo pake, malupanga "adapambana" Germany. Mu 1864, iye anafufuza pachilumba cha Helgoland, kenako anagwira ntchito mu labotale wa roudolf wa ku Germany ku Germany Gisn.
Ali ndi zaka 20, anasamukira ku Italy, komwe amamudziwa bwino za sayansi ya Alexander Kovalevsky, yemwe adzakhala mnzake komanso mnzake wokhulupirika. Kwa ochita zolumikizirana mu mluza wa mnyamatayo, mphotho yotchuka ya Charles Baer idapezeka. Pobwerera ku Russia, Ilya Inzich amateteza mbuye, ndipo kenako ma strestation strestation, adatha kulandira madigiri aulemu asanafike zaka 25.
Sayansi
Zomwe zidachitidwa ndi Mesnikov zinali zosintha ndipo pomwepo sizinavomerezedwe ndi anthu asayansi, chifukwa malingaliro adatembenuka kale malingaliro a ntchito ya thupi la munthu kuchokera kumitu.
Ngakhale ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya wasayansi, chiphunzitso cha chitetezo cha phagocytic, chomwe iye mu 1908 adalandira mphotho ya Nobel m'munda wa phy muology ndi mankhwala, adatsutsidwa.
Asanachitike Mechnikov, Magazi oyera amakongoletsa amawoneka ngati ochita ndi njira zotupa ndi matenda. Wasayansi adanena kuti Leukocytes sakhala oteteza thupi, omwe amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kupereka kwa wasayansi ndikuti madokotala amakono akudziwa kuti kutentha kwapamwamba ndi chizindikiro cha kumenyedwa chitetezo, motero nzovulaza kuwombera chizindikiro china.
Chosangalatsa chenicheni: Kunali kofunikira kutanthauzira "chiyanjano" kwa iye. Poganizira za mphutsi za nyenyezi za m'madzi ku Italy mu 1882, adapeza kuti maselo osuntha (phagocyte) amazungulira matupi akunja kulowa m'bungwe la anthu, ndikudya ".
"Zinandichitikira," malupanga adalemba pamenepo kuti maselo oterowo ayenera kumalowa m'thupi kuti athe kuthana ndi ziwerengero. Ndidadziuza kuti ngati lingaliro langa ndichabwino, ndiye kuti Zanoza, yoikika m'thupi la nkhuku za nyenyezi, ziyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi maselo osunthira ndi munthu yemwe wawuka chala chake. "Pokhala ndi zipika za pinki m'munsi mwa mphutsi, ndikutsimikizira chiphunzitsocho kenako ndikupanga zaka zana akukupera chidziwitso chopezeka, chofanana ndi kupanga kwa bacteriology, emirry, ndi zina zambiri, zina mwazomwe zimachitika.
Mu 1886th adabwerera ku Russia, atakhazikika ku Odessa. Patafika ku France ndi Ekolaolisistramimmaimu, yemwe ankaphunzira ku Louis Pasteur, njira ya katemera ku matenda a chiwewe. M'chaka chomwecho, asayansi adatsegula malo achiwiri achiwiri a nyama padziko lonse kuti athane ndi matenda opatsirana.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, malupanga amasanduka ku Paris, komwe amalandila malo pa Pasteur Institute. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, wasayansi adaganiza zochoka chifukwa chankhanza aboma komanso asayansi kwa iye. Ku France, iye amapeza mtendere komanso kudziwika bwino.
Kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi malingaliro apamwamba kwambiri a nthawi, amalemba zochititsa chidwi zokhudza kolera, typhoid chifuwaberculosis, mliri. Anakhalabe wogwira ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake, pambuyo pake anapita ku yunivesite. Othandizidwa ndi ogwira nawo ntchito ku Russia, okhala ndi makalata ndi Ivan Checnov, Dmitry Mendeleev, Ivan Pavlov.
Osati magetsi asayansi okha, kafukufuku, komanso mabuku odzipereka pamalingaliro a filosofi, chiphunzitso cha chilengedwe, chipembedzo chinatuluka mu cholembera. Wofufuza wopanda utoto wa dzuwa litalowa anali woyambitsa wasayansi Geontology ndipo adayambitsa chiphunzitso cha Orthobiosis:
"Moyo woyenera wozikidwa pa kuphunzira umunthu ndikukhazikitsa ndalama kuti akonzekere ku Disharmonia."
Poganizira kuti munthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zana komanso kupitilira apo, amawalimbitsa mtima polimbitsa moyo wachangu kupita kudera la chakudya choyenera, ukhondo. Ndi zokhazokha, mwa malingaliro ake, munthu amakhala wopanda mantha ndi "chilengedwe" ku "kumwalira kwa imfa". Tafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mu ntchito za zabwino za zabwino za munthu.
Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtunduwo komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo, wasayansi adalemba matumbo a microflora. Moyo wamtali komanso wachimwemwe, womwe watchuka kutsegulidwa kwa chiphunzitso cha Chichuluki cha Lactic Lactic chodulira ndi wophunzira ndi wophunzira. Mu 1908, adalemba nkhani yokhudza mkaka wowawasa. Chifukwa cha mesnikov, yogati, Kefir ndi zinthu zina zopopera zimaphatikizidwa mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuthandizira thupi.
Moyo Wanu
Ngakhale kuti paliponse pa sayansi, m'chinsinsi cha malupanga anali munthu wokonda nkhawa, amakonda kutsalira. Muubwana akuvutika ndi nkhawa komanso mtendere wamkati wokha ndi malingaliro abwino padziko lapansi.
Kawiri kukwatiwa. Ndi Mkazi Woyamba Lomwe Lodmila Fedorovich adakwatirana mu 1869. Mkwatibwiyo adadwala chifuwa chachikulu ndipo anali ofooka kwambiri kotero kuti adabwera ndi mpingo pampando. Pambuyo 4 zaka, Lyudmila adamwalira, ndipo malupanga osakhazikika adaganiza zodzipha, ndikumwa morphine. Mlingo unali waukulu kwambiri ndipo unayambitsa kusanza.
Mkazi wachiwiri wa Olga anali wophunzira wake, wophunzira. Kunalibe ana kuchokera kwa awiriwo.
Imfa
Ilya Iich adamwalira mu 1916 motsutsana ndi matenda a mtima, adapulumuka pamaso pa myocardial infarction.
Thupi lokhomedwa ndi sayansi lotsatiridwa ndi mtembo. Phulusa la wasayansi lili ku Pasteur Institute.
Mphongo
- 1867 - Karl bair mphotho
- 1902 - Wolemba wa St. Petersburg Academy of Sayansi
- 1906 - Copley Mendulo
- 1908 - Nobel Mphotho mu Thanzi ndi Mankhwala
- 1916 - Albert Mel (Royal Society of Arts)